<?xml version="1.0"?>
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	<id>https://linguifex.com/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Juby</id>
	<title>Linguifex - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://linguifex.com/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Juby"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:Contributions/Juby"/>
	<updated>2026-04-06T19:24:11Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.6</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=120422</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=120422"/>
		<updated>2018-07-17T06:07:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Roguelia;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Amurga]] (somewhat inspired by Sino-Tibetan, NE Caucasian and Kartvelian languages), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Rqhuni; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Knanski]] (Something between West and East Slavic), inspired by Knaanic, the medieval Jewish Slavic language, and was spoken in ATL Upper Hungary. (under construction)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=89886</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=89886"/>
		<updated>2017-10-27T10:34:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Roguelia;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ermbatian]] (somewhat inspired by Sino-Tibetan), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Ermbatia, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Knanski]] (Something Slavic), supposed to be a reincarnation of Knaanic, the medieval Jewish Slavic language. (under construction)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Talk:Alfinu&amp;diff=54219</id>
		<title>Talk:Alfinu</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Talk:Alfinu&amp;diff=54219"/>
		<updated>2016-07-15T10:16:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Created page with &amp;quot;It can be spoken by a Vlach community in Sardinia, since IMHO it would look like a blend of Romanian and Sardinian. --Juby&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;It can be spoken by a Vlach community in Sardinia, since IMHO it would look like a blend of Romanian and Sardinian. --Juby&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Talk:Karni%C5%A1na&amp;diff=54218</id>
		<title>Talk:Karnišna</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Talk:Karni%C5%A1na&amp;diff=54218"/>
		<updated>2016-07-15T10:13:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Slovene ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Well, isn&#039;t it Slovene! [[File:Waahlis.png|35px|link=Linguifex:Administrators]] &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User talk:Waahlis|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color: Orange;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Waahlis&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]&#039;&#039;&#039;   09:27, 25 September 2013 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Well, not exactly, but close :P [[User:Ashucky|Ashucky]] ([[User talk:Ashucky|talk]]) 11:56, 25 September 2013 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: It&#039;s nice to see a reverse in the trend of &amp;quot;Hey, Let&#039;s take every language and make it bad Latin&amp;quot;. Let&#039;s butcher some Romantic languages for once! -[[User:Fauxlosophe|Fauxlosophe]] ([[User talk:Fauxlosophe|talk]]) 23:15, 25 September 2013 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Is it inspired by the name Carinthian? -[[User:Juby|Juby]] ([[User talk:Juby|talk]])&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=50888</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=50888"/>
		<updated>2016-06-02T14:00:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: /* Overview */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by Nyapsuk, the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian alphabet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik tekkuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tek-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 sentences in Roguel]]&lt;br /&gt;
[http://zh.yuyan.wikia.com/wiki/罗格勒语 an outdated Chinese version of Roguel grammar]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=50887</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=50887"/>
		<updated>2016-06-02T14:00:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: /* Overview */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by Nyapsuk, the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik tekkuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tek-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 sentences in Roguel]]&lt;br /&gt;
[http://zh.yuyan.wikia.com/wiki/罗格勒语 an outdated Chinese version of Roguel grammar]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=50886</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=50886"/>
		<updated>2016-06-02T14:00:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (2008-; polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Roguelia (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ermbatian]] (2008, restarted 2014-; somewhat mock-Sino-Tibetan), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Ermbatia, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]] (to be done), spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]] (to be done), spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44736</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44736"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T16:15:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik tekkuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tek-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 sentences in Roguel]]&lt;br /&gt;
[http://zh.yuyan.wikia.com/wiki/罗格勒语 an outdated Chinese version of Roguel grammar]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44735</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44735"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T16:01:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: /* Sample Text */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik tekkuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tek-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 sentences in Roguel]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44734</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44734"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:59:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: /* Links */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik teksekuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tekse-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 sentences in Roguel]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44733</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44733"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:59:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik teksekuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tekse-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[218 Sentences in Roguel]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44732</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=44732"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:58:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: /* Overview */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel, also known as Roguelian, is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Roguelia (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik teksekuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tekse-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=44731</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=44731"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:58:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (2007-; polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Roguelia (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erbatian]] (2007-2008, restarted 2014-; somewhat mock-Sino-Tibetan), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Erbatra, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]] (to be done), spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]] (to be done), spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* Pit Jiim (2007-2008, restarted in 2014 but failed; Mon-Khmer-based) plus a lot more extinct ones.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44730</id>
		<title>218 sentences in Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44730"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:56:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;* 1	The sun shines.	Olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 2	The sun is shining.	Olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 3	The sun shone.	Olxixitkek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 4	The sun will shine.	Olxixannek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 5	The sun has been shining.	Olxixacramnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 6	The sun is shining again.	Udolxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 7	The sun will shine tomorrow.	Melhatin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 8	The sun shines brightly.	Savin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 9	The bright sun shines.	Olxixek save han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 10	The sun is rising now.	Sida olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 11	All the people shouted.	Ohunitkem tekkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 12	Some of the people shouted.	Ohunitkem lhelkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 13	Many of the people shouted twice.	Netarin ohunitkem suge kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 14	Happy people often shout.	Dahin ohunem mape kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 15	The kitten jumped up.	K&#039;ozaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 16	The kitten jumped onto the table.	Pura k&#039;ozinaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 17	My little kitten walked away.	Setscatitkek mahe omkit&#039;sut.&lt;br /&gt;
* 18	It&#039;s raining.	T’aonamnek xiro. (lit. the rain is coming out.)&lt;br /&gt;
* 19	The rain came down.	T&#039;uonitkek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 20	The kitten is playing in the rain.	Xiro humomnamnek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 21	The rain has stopped.	Tixacrek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 22	Soon the rain will stop.	Maksin tixeldek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 23	I hope the rain stops soon.	Maksin xiro tixeldek.&lt;br /&gt;
* 24	Once wild animals lived here.	Ik&#039;idumpay k&#039;en sisuk dumitkem.&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44729</id>
		<title>218 sentences in Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44729"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:55:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;* 1	The sun shines.	Olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 2	The sun is shining.	Olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 3	The sun shone.	Olxixitkek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 4	The sun will shine.	Olxixannek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 5	The sun has been shining.	Olxixacramnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 6	The sun is shining again.	Udolxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 7	The sun will shine tomorrow.	Melhatin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 8	The sun shines brightly.	Savin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 9	The bright sun shines.	Olxixek save han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 10	The sun is rising now.	Sida olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 11	All the people shouted.	Ohunitkem tekkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 12	Some of the people shouted.	Ohunitkem lhelkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 13	Many of the people shouted twice.	Netarin hunitkem suge kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 14	Happy people often shout.	Dahin ohunem mape kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 15	The kitten jumped up.	K&#039;ozaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 16	The kitten jumped onto the table.	Pura k&#039;ozinaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 17	My little kitten walked away.	Setscatitkek mahe omkit&#039;sut.&lt;br /&gt;
* 18	It&#039;s raining.	T’aonamnek xiro. (lit. the rain is coming out.)&lt;br /&gt;
* 19	The rain came down.	T&#039;uonitkek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 20	The kitten is playing in the rain.	Xiro humomnamnek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 21	The rain has stopped.	Tixacrek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 22	Soon the rain will stop.	Maksin tixeldek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 23	I hope the rain stops soon.	Maksin xiro tixeldek.&lt;br /&gt;
* 24	Once wild animals lived here.	Ik&#039;idumpay k&#039;en sisuk dumitkem.&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44728</id>
		<title>218 sentences in Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44728"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:54:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;* 1	The sun shines.	Olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 2	The sun is shining.	Olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 3	The sun shone.	Olxixitkek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 4	The sun will shine.	Olxixannek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 5	The sun has been shining.	Olxixacramnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 6	The sun is shining again.	Udolxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 7	The sun will shine tomorrow.	Melhatin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 8	The sun shines brightly.	Savin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 9	The bright sun shines.	Olxixek save han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 10	The sun is rising now.	Sida olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
* 11	All the people shouted.	Ohunitkem tekkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 12	Some of the people shouted.	Ohunitkem lhelkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 13	Many of the people shouted twice.	Netarin hunitkem suge kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 14	Happy people often shout.	Dahin ohunem mape kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
* 15	The kitten jumped up.	K&#039;ozaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 16	The kitten jumped onto the table.	Pura k&#039;ozinaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 17	My little kitten walked away.	Setscatitkek mahe omkit&#039;sut.&lt;br /&gt;
* 18	It&#039;s raining.	T’aonamnek xiro. (lit. the rain is coming out.)&lt;br /&gt;
* 19	The rain came down.	T&#039;uonitkek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 20	The kitten is playing in the rain.	Xiro humomnamnek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
* 21	The rain has stopped.	Tixacrek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 22	Soon the rain will stop.	Maksin tixeldek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
* 23	I hope the rain stops soon.	Maksin xiro tixeldek.&lt;br /&gt;
* 24	Once wild animals lived here.	Ik&#039;idumpay k&#039;e sisuk dumitkem.&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44727</id>
		<title>218 sentences in Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=218_sentences_in_Roguel&amp;diff=44727"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:54:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Created page with &amp;quot;1	The sun shines.	Olxixek han. 2	The sun is shining.	Olxixamnek han. 3	The sun shone.	Olxixitkek han. 4	The sun will shine.	Olxixannek han. 5	The sun has been shining.	Olxixac...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1	The sun shines.	Olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
2	The sun is shining.	Olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
3	The sun shone.	Olxixitkek han.&lt;br /&gt;
4	The sun will shine.	Olxixannek han.&lt;br /&gt;
5	The sun has been shining.	Olxixacramnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
6	The sun is shining again.	Udolxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
7	The sun will shine tomorrow.	Melhatin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
8	The sun shines brightly.	Savin olxixek han.&lt;br /&gt;
9	The bright sun shines.	Olxixek save han.&lt;br /&gt;
10	The sun is rising now.	Sida olxixamnek han.&lt;br /&gt;
11	All the people shouted.	Ohunitkem tekkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
12	Some of the people shouted.	Ohunitkem lhelkuat.&lt;br /&gt;
13	Many of the people shouted twice.	Netarin hunitkem suge kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
14	Happy people often shout.	Dahin ohunem mape kuat.&lt;br /&gt;
15	The kitten jumped up.	K&#039;ozaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
16	The kitten jumped onto the table.	Pura k&#039;ozinaritkek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
17	My little kitten walked away.	Setscatitkek mahe omkit&#039;sut.&lt;br /&gt;
18	It&#039;s raining.	T’aonamnek xiro. (lit. the rain is coming out.)&lt;br /&gt;
19	The rain came down.	T&#039;uonitkek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
20	The kitten is playing in the rain.	Xiro humomnamnek omkit.&lt;br /&gt;
21	The rain has stopped.	Tixacrek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
22	Soon the rain will stop.	Maksin tixeldek xiro.&lt;br /&gt;
23	I hope the rain stops soon.	Maksin xiro tixeldek.&lt;br /&gt;
24	Once wild animals lived here.	Ik&#039;idumpay k&#039;e sisuk dumitkem.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=44726</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=44726"/>
		<updated>2016-01-07T15:16:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (2007-; polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Izikoy (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erbatrian]] (2007-2008, restarted 2014-; somewhat mock-Sino-Tibetan; not euroclone or SAE), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Erbatra, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]] (to be done), spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]] (to be done), spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* Pit Jiim (2007-2008, restarted in 2014 but failed; Mon-Khmer-based) plus a lot more extinct ones.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Iaskyon&amp;diff=33369</id>
		<title>Iaskyon</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Iaskyon&amp;diff=33369"/>
		<updated>2015-05-05T09:23:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{privatelang}}{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{ClassMeter&lt;br /&gt;
| Name          = Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
| NativeName    = Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
| Type          = Rather synthetic&lt;br /&gt;
| Alignment     = Ergative-absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|adjective      = final&lt;br /&gt;
|adposition     = mixed&lt;br /&gt;
|adverb         = mixed&lt;br /&gt;
|article        = mixed&lt;br /&gt;
|relativeclause = final&lt;br /&gt;
|nounclause     = final&lt;br /&gt;
|order          = SOV&lt;br /&gt;
| Tonal         = no&lt;br /&gt;
| Declined      = yes&lt;br /&gt;
| Conjugated    = yes&lt;br /&gt;
| Genders       = None&lt;br /&gt;
|NCase   = yes&lt;br /&gt;
|NNumber = no&lt;br /&gt;
|NDefiniteness = no&lt;br /&gt;
|NGender = no&lt;br /&gt;
|VVoice  = no&lt;br /&gt;
|VMood   = yes&lt;br /&gt;
|VPerson = no&lt;br /&gt;
|VNumber = no&lt;br /&gt;
|VTense  = yes&lt;br /&gt;
|VAspect = yes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|Phonology=30&lt;br /&gt;
|NounCases=5&lt;br /&gt;
|NounDef=&lt;br /&gt;
|NounNumbers=&lt;br /&gt;
|NounGender=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbPerson=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbNumber=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbAspect=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbTense=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbMood=&lt;br /&gt;
|VerbVoice=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjCase=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjNumber=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjDef=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjGen=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjComparative=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjSuperlative=&lt;br /&gt;
|AdjGen=&lt;br /&gt;
|Supine=&lt;br /&gt;
|Gerund=&lt;br /&gt;
|Participle=&lt;br /&gt;
|Infinitive=&lt;br /&gt;
|Modality=&lt;br /&gt;
|Words=583&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General information==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:iaskyon 2.0.png|thumb|256px|&#039;Iaskyon&#039; in Iaswü handwriting.]]&#039;&#039;&#039;Iaskyon&#039;&#039;&#039; (IPA: /ˈjas.kjɔn/) is an Yosic language native to an island nation Iaskáca. It is notable for its handling of ergativity, heavy verb conjugation, as well as synthetic noun compounding. Iaskyon can be written in two left-to-right scripts called [[Conscript:Iaswü|Iaswü]] (IPA: /ˈjas.βy/, literally Ias writing) and [[Conscript:Xogwü|Xogwü]] (IPA: /ˈɣɔg.βy/, literally rock writing).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Phonology==&lt;br /&gt;
===Consonants===&lt;br /&gt;
{| align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; &amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Bilabial&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Dental&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Alveolar&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Palatal&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Velar&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Nasal&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&#039; /m/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039; /n/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;ŋ&#039;&#039;&#039; /ŋ/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Plosive&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; /p/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; /b/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;&#039; /t/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;d&#039;&#039;&#039; /d/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039;&#039; /k/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039; /g/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Fricative&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Plain&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;f&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɸ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&#039; /β/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;s&#039;&#039;&#039; /s/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;z&#039;&#039;&#039; /z/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;h&#039;&#039;&#039; /x/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɣ/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Lateral&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;ş&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɬ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Affricate&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Plain&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;þ&#039;&#039;&#039; /tθ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;c&#039;&#039;&#039; /ts/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;j&#039;&#039;&#039; /dz/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Lateral&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;ç&#039;&#039;&#039; /tɬ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Approximant&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&#039; [β̞]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; /l/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&#039; /j/&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Syllabic consonants====&lt;br /&gt;
/m/ and /l/ have syllabic counterparts &#039;&#039;&#039;ḿ&#039;&#039;&#039; /m̩/ and &#039;&#039;&#039;ĺ&#039;&#039;&#039; /l̩/.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Vowels===&lt;br /&gt;
====Short vowels====&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; &amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Front&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Central&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Back&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Close&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&#039; /i/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ü&#039;&#039;&#039; /y/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;u&#039;&#039;&#039; /u/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Mid&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɛ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ö&#039;&#039;&#039; /œ/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;à&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɜ~ə/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɔ/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Open&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&#039; /a/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
====Long vowels====&lt;br /&gt;
Long vowels are represented orthographically by an acute accent or adding &#039;&#039;&#039;à&#039;&#039;&#039;. e.g. &#039;&#039;&#039;é&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;eà&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; &amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Front&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Central&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Back&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Close&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;í&#039;&#039;&#039; /iː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ű&#039;&#039;&#039; /yː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ú&#039;&#039;&#039; /uː/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Mid&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;é&#039;&#039;&#039; /eː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ő&#039;&#039;&#039; /øː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;â&#039;&#039;&#039; /əː~ɘː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ó&#039;&#039;&#039; /oː/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Open&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;á&#039;&#039;&#039; /aː/&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Diphthongs====&lt;br /&gt;
There is a large inventory of possible diphthongs, with a total of 15 of them.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!|ai&lt;br /&gt;
!|au&lt;br /&gt;
!|ài&lt;br /&gt;
!|àu&lt;br /&gt;
!|ei&lt;br /&gt;
!|eu&lt;br /&gt;
!|iu&lt;br /&gt;
!|üa&lt;br /&gt;
!|üe&lt;br /&gt;
!|üi&lt;br /&gt;
!|üö&lt;br /&gt;
!|ui&lt;br /&gt;
!|oi&lt;br /&gt;
!|ou&lt;br /&gt;
!|öü&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/ai/||/au/||/əi/||/əu/||/ei/||/ɛu/||/iu/||/ya/||/yɛ/||/yi/||/yœ/||/ui/||/ɔi/||/ou/||/œy/&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Phonotactics===&lt;br /&gt;
Iaskyon syllables are maximally:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(&#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039;))&#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039;), or (&#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039;))&#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039;,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
where &#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039; = consonant, &#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039; = glide, &#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039; = vowel and &#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039; = syllabic consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
====Onset====&lt;br /&gt;
The initial consonant has no restrictions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following glide can be &#039;&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&#039;/j/ or &#039;&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&#039;/β̞/&amp;gt;[w].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Allowed onsets are of the followings&#039;&#039;&#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!|by&lt;br /&gt;
!|py&lt;br /&gt;
!|dw&lt;br /&gt;
!|dy&lt;br /&gt;
!|tw&lt;br /&gt;
!|ty&lt;br /&gt;
!|gw&lt;br /&gt;
!|gy&lt;br /&gt;
!|kw&lt;br /&gt;
!|ky&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/bj/||/pj/||/dβ̞/||/dj/||/tβ̞/||/tj/||/gβ̞/||/gj/||/kβ̞/||/kj/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!|jy&lt;br /&gt;
!|cw&lt;br /&gt;
!|cy&lt;br /&gt;
!|þw&lt;br /&gt;
!|þy&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/dzj/||/tsβ̞/||/tsj/||/tθβ̞/||/tθj/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!|fy&lt;br /&gt;
!|wi&lt;br /&gt;
!|sy&lt;br /&gt;
!|zy&lt;br /&gt;
!|şw&lt;br /&gt;
!|şy&lt;br /&gt;
!|hw&lt;br /&gt;
!|hy&lt;br /&gt;
!|xw&lt;br /&gt;
!|xy&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/ɸj/||/βj/||/sj/||/zj/||/ɬβ̞/||/ɬj/||/xβ̞/||/xj/ [ç]/||/ɣβ̞/||/ɣj/ [ʝ]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!|mw&lt;br /&gt;
!|my&lt;br /&gt;
!|ny&lt;br /&gt;
!|ŋy&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/mβ̞/||/mj/||/nj/||/ŋj/&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!|lw&lt;br /&gt;
!|ly&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|/lw/||/lj/&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Nucleus====&lt;br /&gt;
The nucleus can be any vowel, except for &#039;&#039;&#039;iu üa üe üi üö ui&#039;&#039;&#039; /iu ya yɛ yi yœ ui/ when the onset consists of an initial consonant and a glide.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Syllables such as &#039;&#039;&#039;yui&#039;&#039;&#039; /jui/, &#039;&#039;&#039;wüan&#039;&#039;&#039; /βyan/ are allowed but rare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Syllabic consonants &#039;&#039;&#039;ḿ&#039;&#039;&#039; /m̩/ and &#039;&#039;&#039;ĺ&#039;&#039;&#039; /l̩/ can also be a nucleus but the syllable cannot have a coda.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Coda====&lt;br /&gt;
The final consonant, can technically be any consonant except &#039;&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&#039; /j/ and &#039;&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&#039; /β/, but &#039;&#039;&#039;þ&#039;&#039;&#039; /tθ/ and &#039;&#039;&#039;ç&#039;&#039;&#039; /tɬ/ are very rare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(&#039;&#039;&#039;þaç&#039;&#039;&#039; /tθatɬ/ &amp;quot;red&amp;quot; is an example of an exception.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Allophony===&lt;br /&gt;
*Voiceless plosives are usually unreleased at coda.&lt;br /&gt;
*Plosives and affricates are slightly aspirated at onset.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;h&#039;&#039;&#039; /x/ is realised as &#039;&#039;&#039;[ç]&#039;&#039;&#039; before and after /i(:)/, /y(:)/, and before /j/.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039; /ɣ/ is realised as &#039;&#039;&#039;[ʝ]&#039;&#039;&#039; before and after /i(:)/, /y(:)/, before /j/, and &#039;&#039;&#039;[ʔ]&#039;&#039;&#039; at the end of a syllable.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;w&#039;&#039;&#039; /β/ is realised as &#039;&#039;&#039;[β̞]&#039;&#039;&#039; as a glide (second consonant) in a syllable.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;&#039; /t/ are realised as &#039;&#039;&#039;[ʔ]&#039;&#039;&#039; at the end of a syllable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stress===&lt;br /&gt;
Stress of a word follows these rules in order of priority:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Stress falls on&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
#First long vowel &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. hep&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;mé&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; &amp;quot;bright&amp;quot; but not *&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;hep&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;mé&lt;br /&gt;
#&amp;quot;Separable affixes&amp;quot; &#039;&#039;(See [[Iaskyon#Separable and non-separable affixes|below]])&#039;&#039; are not counted&lt;br /&gt;
#Penultimate syllable &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
#If stress falls on a grammatical suffix (other than conjugational suffixes), move stress one syllable backwards. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;aeg&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;emjo &amp;quot;merge&amp;quot; but not *aeg&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;em&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;jo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Stress of a &amp;quot;separable compound word&amp;quot; &#039;&#039;(See [[Iaskyon#Separable and non-separable compound words|below]])&#039;&#039; follow these overriding rules:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Stress falls on&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
#The head component &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;lwo&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;þwat &amp;quot;have to &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;find&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. kolmun&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;a&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;wa&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;winter &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;sky&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
====Separable and non-separable affixes====&lt;br /&gt;
Non-separable affixes are:&lt;br /&gt;
*All affixes that are inseparable in terms of a new meaning conveyed &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;-en&#039;&#039; appended to tinwet &amp;quot;teach&amp;quot;:&lt;br /&gt;
**&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;tin&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;wet&#039;&#039;en&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;act of teaching&amp;quot; is separable&lt;br /&gt;
**tin&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;wet&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;en&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;education&amp;quot; is non-separable&lt;br /&gt;
*All infixes&lt;br /&gt;
*Directional affixes &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;uk&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;hàg &amp;quot;come &#039;&#039;down&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*Causative prefix &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;lah&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;yet &amp;quot;&#039;&#039;make&#039;&#039; (sb.) eat&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other affixes are separable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Separable and non-separable compound words====&lt;br /&gt;
Non-separable compound words are:&lt;br /&gt;
*Compound words of which the meaning has shifted, or become specific &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. ye&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;tih&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;ken &amp;quot;restaurant&amp;quot; vs. yetih&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;ken&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; &amp;quot;place of eating&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*Compound words which are frequently used &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;syom&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;xaod &amp;quot;fish meat/flesh&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Morphophonology===&lt;br /&gt;
====Internal sandhi====&lt;br /&gt;
=====Synaeresis=====&lt;br /&gt;
The following table shows the general formation of diphthongs or long vowels from two adjacent short vowels on a morpheme boundary.&lt;br /&gt;
*Empty spaces imply the vowels are pronounced in two syllables.&lt;br /&gt;
*Combinations resulting in &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;glide + vowel&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; cannot occur if there is already a glide prior to the vowels.&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; &amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Second vowel&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! rowspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|First vowel&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|a&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|à&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|e&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|i&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ü&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|u&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|o&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|a&lt;br /&gt;
|á&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;á&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ai&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|ai&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|au&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;au&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;au&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|à&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|â&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ài&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|àu&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;àu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;àu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|e&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;é&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|é&lt;br /&gt;
|ei&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|eu&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;eu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;eu&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|i&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;yà&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;ye&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|í&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|iu&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;yo&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;yö&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ü&lt;br /&gt;
|üa&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|üe&lt;br /&gt;
|üi&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ű&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|üö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|u&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;wa&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ui&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|ui&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ú&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;wo&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|o&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ó&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;oi&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|oi&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ou&lt;br /&gt;
|ó&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;oi&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ö&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;öü&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;öü&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|öü&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|ő&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Suffix sandhi=====&lt;br /&gt;
=====Rendaku=====&lt;br /&gt;
When two consecutive syllables start with the same voiceless consonant, the second consonant is voiced.&lt;br /&gt;
*háhàge (greeting) /ˈxaːxɜɡɛ/ &amp;gt; [ˈxaː&#039;&#039;&#039;ɣ&#039;&#039;&#039;ɜɡɛ]&lt;br /&gt;
*sesḿ (spoke) /&#039;sɛsm̩/ &amp;gt; [ˈsɛ&#039;&#039;&#039;z&#039;&#039;&#039;m̩]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====External sandhi====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Morphology==&lt;br /&gt;
===Nouns===&lt;br /&gt;
There are no grammatical genders nor articles in Iaskyon. Nouns are only inflected for cases, and inflection for number is generally obsolete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are 7 cases in Iaskyon:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 1000px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;120px&amp;quot;|Case (suffix)&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;250px&amp;quot;|Usage&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;250px&amp;quot;|Example in Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;250px&amp;quot;|Example in English&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
(-i)&lt;br /&gt;
|Agent of transitive verb&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Wi&#039;&#039;&#039; goxe yesḿ.&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;I&#039;&#039;&#039; ate rice.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
(none or -u)&lt;br /&gt;
|Argument of intransitive verb;&lt;br /&gt;
object of transitive verb&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Jakniyw&#039;&#039;&#039; hàg.&lt;br /&gt;
Hwei &#039;&#039;&#039;lím&#039;&#039;&#039; dém.&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Jakniyw&#039;&#039;&#039; comes.&lt;br /&gt;
(The) Person drinks &#039;&#039;&#039;water&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
(-eu)&lt;br /&gt;
|Time, location; topic&lt;br /&gt;
|Fá hwe &#039;&#039;&#039;hecleŋeu&#039;&#039;&#039; pöüloşöü.&lt;br /&gt;
To &#039;&#039;&#039;yetihkeneu&#039;&#039;&#039; löüm.&lt;br /&gt;
|All human are equal &#039;&#039;&#039;in dignity&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
He was &#039;&#039;&#039;at the restaurant&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
(-em)&lt;br /&gt;
|Indirect object of ditransitive verb; motion to location; addressee of greetings; end of a period of time&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Matnuem&#039;&#039;&#039; háhàge!&lt;br /&gt;
Toi zeà &#039;&#039;&#039;wem&#039;&#039;&#039; cailüm.&lt;br /&gt;
|Greetings &#039;&#039;&#039;everyone&#039;&#039;&#039;!&lt;br /&gt;
He gave a book &#039;&#039;&#039;to me&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
(-ax)&lt;br /&gt;
|Motion from location; start of a period of time&lt;br /&gt;
|Wu &#039;&#039;&#039;Iaskácáx&#039;&#039;&#039; hàg.&lt;br /&gt;
Fá hwe &#039;&#039;&#039;nixonax&#039;&#039;&#039; yawaoşöü.&lt;br /&gt;
|I come &#039;&#039;&#039;from Iaskáca&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
All human being are free &#039;&#039;&#039;since birth&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
(-ö)&lt;br /&gt;
|Possession, origin, reference; formation of some compounds; counting with measures&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Yetihkenö&#039;&#039;&#039; zeà a.&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Wö&#039;&#039;&#039; zeà a.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Límö&#039;&#039;&#039; hyuxdon la.&lt;br /&gt;
|(It) is a book &#039;&#039;&#039;about restaurant(s)&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
(It) is &#039;&#039;&#039;my&#039;&#039;&#039; book.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two carts &#039;&#039;&#039;of water&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
(-ĺ)&lt;br /&gt;
|Instrument, means; topic, object in some verbs&lt;br /&gt;
|Ebi &#039;&#039;&#039;wüanĺ&#039;&#039;&#039; zeyu.&lt;br /&gt;
Toi &#039;&#039;&#039;sononĺ&#039;&#039;&#039; set.&lt;br /&gt;
|We record &#039;&#039;&#039;with a pen/pens.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
He talks &#039;&#039;&#039;about bridges&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Pronouns===&lt;br /&gt;
====Personal pronouns====&lt;br /&gt;
Personal pronouns in Iaskyon are relatively simple, as all pronouns are distinct and specific in person and number.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is a three-way distinction of singular, dual and plural pronouns inherited from older, now obsolete declensions in number.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another three-way distinction in sentient, animate and inanimate beings in third person pronouns exists, which originates from an even older noun class system.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 800px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ 1st person&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|Singular&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual inclusive&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual exclusive&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural inclusive&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural exclusive&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|wi&lt;br /&gt;
|xei&lt;br /&gt;
|wehi&lt;br /&gt;
|wonei&lt;br /&gt;
|ebi&lt;br /&gt;
|sebi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|wu&lt;br /&gt;
|xeà&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyo&lt;br /&gt;
|woni&lt;br /&gt;
|eba&lt;br /&gt;
|seb&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|weu&lt;br /&gt;
|xeàyu&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyeu&lt;br /&gt;
|wonyeu&lt;br /&gt;
|ebeu&lt;br /&gt;
|sebeu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|wem&lt;br /&gt;
|xeàm&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyem&lt;br /&gt;
|wonyem&lt;br /&gt;
|ebem&lt;br /&gt;
|sebem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|wax&lt;br /&gt;
|xeax&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyox&lt;br /&gt;
|wonyax&lt;br /&gt;
|ebax&lt;br /&gt;
|sebax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|hö&lt;br /&gt;
|xeàyö&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyoö&lt;br /&gt;
|wonyö&lt;br /&gt;
|ebö&lt;br /&gt;
|sebö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|wuhĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|xeàhĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|wiyĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|wonĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|ebĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|sebĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
*The &#039;&#039;&#039;wu&#039;&#039;&#039;-form is the more generic, while the &#039;&#039;&#039;xeà&#039;&#039;&#039;-form is often considered informal, sometimes even arrogant.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ 2nd person&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Singular&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|yoi&lt;br /&gt;
|yedi&lt;br /&gt;
|yubi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|yu&lt;br /&gt;
|ide&lt;br /&gt;
|yuba&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|yeu&lt;br /&gt;
|ideu&lt;br /&gt;
|yubeu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|yem&lt;br /&gt;
|idem&lt;br /&gt;
|yubem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|yax&lt;br /&gt;
|idyax&lt;br /&gt;
|yubax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|yö&lt;br /&gt;
|idyö&lt;br /&gt;
|yubö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|yuhĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|idĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|yubĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ 3nd person sentient&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Singular&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|toi&lt;br /&gt;
|tomi&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺbi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|to&lt;br /&gt;
|tom&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺbo&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|teu&lt;br /&gt;
|toweu&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺbeu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|toem&lt;br /&gt;
|towem&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺboem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|tax&lt;br /&gt;
|tomax&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺbax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|tö&lt;br /&gt;
|tomö&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺboö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|tohĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|tomĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|tĺbĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ 3rd person animate&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Singular&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|izi&lt;br /&gt;
|indi&lt;br /&gt;
|imbi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|ize&lt;br /&gt;
|inde&lt;br /&gt;
|imba&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|izeu&lt;br /&gt;
|indeu&lt;br /&gt;
|imbeu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|izem&lt;br /&gt;
|indem&lt;br /&gt;
|imbem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|izyax&lt;br /&gt;
|indyax&lt;br /&gt;
|imbax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|izyö&lt;br /&gt;
|indyö&lt;br /&gt;
|imbö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|izĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|indĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|imbĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 500px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ 3rd person inanimate&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Singular&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Dual&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Plural&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|lei&lt;br /&gt;
|ledi&lt;br /&gt;
|lebi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|le&lt;br /&gt;
|lede&lt;br /&gt;
|leba&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|leu&lt;br /&gt;
|ledeu&lt;br /&gt;
|lebeu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|lém&lt;br /&gt;
|ledem&lt;br /&gt;
|lebem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|lyax&lt;br /&gt;
|ledyax&lt;br /&gt;
|lebax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|leyö&lt;br /&gt;
|ledyö&lt;br /&gt;
|lebö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|lehĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|ledĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|lebĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 300px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Reflexive&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Generic&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ergative&lt;br /&gt;
|hoi&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Absolutive&lt;br /&gt;
|ho&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Locative&lt;br /&gt;
|heu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Dative&lt;br /&gt;
|hem&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Ablative&lt;br /&gt;
|hax&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Genitive&lt;br /&gt;
|hoö&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Instrumental&lt;br /&gt;
|hohĺ&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Demonstratives, indefinite pronouns====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width: 1000px; text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Interrogative&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(tw-, kw-)&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Proximal&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(yas-, is-)&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Distal&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(wes-)&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Universal&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(fá-)&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Existential&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Negative&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Paucal/Trivial&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Adjective (-s)&lt;br /&gt;
|twes&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;what&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|yas, is-&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;this&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wes&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;that&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|fá&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;all&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|şes&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;some&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|ça &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;none&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|àl, nim&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;little, few&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Adverb (-f)&lt;br /&gt;
|twef&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;how, in what manner&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|yaf&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;in this manner&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wef&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;in that manner&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Person (hwe, -we)&lt;br /&gt;
|mweun&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;who&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|iswe&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;this person&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wewe&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;that person&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|matnu/fá hwe&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;everyone in a group/universally&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|şes hwe&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;some people&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|hwidu &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;no one&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|àlwe&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;few people&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Thing (gin, -e)&lt;br /&gt;
|kwí&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;what thing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|yase&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;this thing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wese&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;that thing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|fáŋàn&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;everything&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|gĺa&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;something&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|gindu&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;nothing&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|nimi&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;little things&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Event, activity (yen, -ou)&lt;br /&gt;
|kwou&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;what event&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|yasou&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;this event&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wesou&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;that event&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|yĺa&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;some event&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|yendu &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;no event&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Place (ken)&lt;br /&gt;
|ekeu&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;where&amp;quot; (also locative)&lt;br /&gt;
|yaken&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;here&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|weken&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;there&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|feken&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;everywhere&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|kella&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;somewhere&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|kendu&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;nowhere&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|Time (upu)&lt;br /&gt;
|upci&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;when&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|etök&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;now&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|wes upu&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;that time&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|upla&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;quot;some point of time&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Verbs===&lt;br /&gt;
Verbs are the most productive lexical category in Iaskyon, which describes an action, an event, a state, or a change in state. It is heavily conjugated to tense, aspect and mood. There exists two grammatical classes of verbs, namely t-class and null-class.&lt;br /&gt;
====T-class and null-class verbs====&lt;br /&gt;
T-class and null-class verbs are two classes of verbs that take different forms when conjugated.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;T-class verbs:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
**By definition end with a &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. yet &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot;, byaut &amp;quot;waste&amp;quot;, fiut &amp;quot;run&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
**May be formed by&lt;br /&gt;
***An obsolete affix added to a root ending with a vowel; verbs formed this way may or may not end with &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;et&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
***Derivation from other parts of speech; verbs formed this way tend to end with &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;et&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
**When conjugated, the &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;-ending of which undergoes irregular consonant mutation. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;&#039;yet&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;eat&amp;quot; &amp;gt; ye&#039;&#039;&#039;llet&#039;&#039;&#039; (progressive with t &amp;gt; lː), ye&#039;&#039;&#039;ŋam&#039;&#039;&#039; (desiderative with t &amp;gt; ŋ), ye&#039;&#039;&#039;so&#039;&#039;&#039; (near future with t &amp;gt; s) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Null-class verbs:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
**Does not end with a &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;t&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. tag &amp;quot;hit&amp;quot;, dém &amp;quot;drink&amp;quot;, esyà &amp;quot;utilise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
**May be formed by&lt;br /&gt;
***Unaltered root forms&lt;br /&gt;
***Other derivations into verbs&lt;br /&gt;
**When conjugated, the endings of which may or may not undergo regular sound mutation.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. &#039;&#039;&#039;tag&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;hit&amp;quot; &amp;gt; tag&#039;&#039;&#039;et&#039;&#039;&#039; (progressive), tag&#039;&#039;&#039;am&#039;&#039;&#039; (desiderative), ta&#039;&#039;&#039;xo&#039;&#039;&#039; (near future with fricativisation ɡ &amp;gt; ɣ)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Tense====&lt;br /&gt;
Iaskyon verbs have 4 tenses, each representing different time of action relative to the time of utterance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Present&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The present, or the unconjugated form, marks:&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in the present, or an indefinite time.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wi goxe &#039;&#039;yet&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;eat&#039;&#039; rice (now or at an indefinite time)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events of which the time is unknown.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Toi wem upleu &#039;&#039;ses&#039;&#039;adem su upcyeu (lau) nasḿ. &amp;quot;He &#039;&#039;said&#039;&#039; to me at some point but I forgot when.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that have an implied time due to simultaneity with other events, or because it is already mentioned in the main clause.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Tĺbo wakowem &#039;&#039;þàkfeullet&#039;&#039;pye, i Sináeu uhöl kaisḿ. &amp;quot;As they &#039;&#039;are moving&#039;&#039; east, they discovered plains in Shinar.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Past&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The past marks:&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in the past relative to the time of utterance.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Wi üşeu goxe &#039;&#039;yesḿ&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;ate&#039;&#039; rice yesterday&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in the past relative to the time of another specified event.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Yoi yase lömçupye, wu &#039;&#039;xyenyopüm&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;By the time you (will) read this, I &#039;&#039;will probably have died&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Near future&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The near future marks:&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that are upcoming, in the immediate, and planned or forcast future.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wi &#039;&#039;xuso&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;gonna go&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wu &#039;&#039;xyeno&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I am &#039;&#039;dying soon&#039;&#039;.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in a definite, subjectively non-distant future.&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that are more temporary than another.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Distant future&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The distant future marks:&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in a far future, i.e. months or years after.&lt;br /&gt;
#actions or events that take place in an indefinite future that is subjectively distant.&lt;br /&gt;
#long term states in the future.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Aspect====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Generic / gnomic&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The gnomic aspect marks:&lt;br /&gt;
#general truths (must be in present tenses). &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Hawon &#039;&#039;höüi&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;The sun &#039;&#039;shines&#039;&#039;.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#general, enduring situations (e.g. habits) which may not be permanent (may be in any tense except near future). &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wu upib &#039;&#039;öüm&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;used to be&#039;&#039; young&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Progressive&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The progressive aspect marls:&lt;br /&gt;
#incomplete actions in progress in the referenced time. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wi goxe &#039;&#039;yellet&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;am eating&#039;&#039; rice.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Ecliyw Nóusononem &#039;&#039;xusmet&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;Ecliyw &#039;&#039;was going&#039;&#039; to Northbridge.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#state transition in progress in the referenced time. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wi kod &#039;&#039;holàket&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;am putting on&#039;&#039; a &#039;kod&#039; (shirt).&amp;quot; not *&amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;am wearing&#039;&#039; a &#039;kod&#039;.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Mood====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Potential&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The potential mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
**A possibility of the event happening.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;e.g. Toi isdoup &#039;&#039;obnakyop&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;They &#039;&#039;may&#039;&#039; buy this house.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Permissive&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The permissive mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
*#Presence of authorisation, permission for the event to happen.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;e.g. Yu &#039;&#039;iluyá&#039;&#039; dőn. &amp;quot;You are not &#039;&#039;allowed to enter&#039;&#039;.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;e.g. Yu dö&#039;&#039;iluyá&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;You are &#039;&#039;allowed&#039;&#039; not &#039;&#039;to enter&#039;&#039;.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*#That it is appropriate for the event to happen.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;e.g. Yuba wüof &#039;&#039;emőyá&#039;&#039; etöh. &amp;quot;You &#039;&#039;may&#039;&#039; slowly &#039;&#039;leave&#039;&#039; now.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Abilitative&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The abilitative mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
*#An capability of the event to happen, or the agent to cause the event.&lt;br /&gt;
*#That there is a possibility, though unlikely, for the event to happen.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Desiderative&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The desiderative mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
**A wish or want that the event happens.&lt;br /&gt;
**When used in conjunction with other tenses:&lt;br /&gt;
*#Past: wish or want that were satisfied in the past&lt;br /&gt;
*#Present: wish or want to be satisfied immediately&lt;br /&gt;
*#Near future: wish or want to be satisfied in a definite, near future&lt;br /&gt;
*#Far future: wish or want that involves an indefinite or far future&lt;br /&gt;
**A wish to be made in the past or future is presented with&lt;br /&gt;
***an auxiliary verb &#039;&#039;&#039;gat&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to want&amp;quot;, &#039;&#039;&#039;ŋut&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;þűt&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;to hope&amp;quot;, which carries the tense, and&lt;br /&gt;
***changing the predicate to the direct object (in absolutive case).&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Imperative&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The imperative mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
**Commands, call for caution.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Cohortative&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;The cohortative mood marks:&lt;br /&gt;
**mutual encouragement to do the specified action.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Optative&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
**&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Other verb forms====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Causative&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;Linking&amp;quot; form&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;quot;Compound&amp;quot; form&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
(See [[Iaskyon#Compound verbs|below]])&lt;br /&gt;
====Other verb types====&lt;br /&gt;
=====Transitive and intransitive verbs=====&lt;br /&gt;
=====Auxiliary verbs=====&lt;br /&gt;
Some moods cannot be expressed by conjugation and auxiliary verbs are utilised.&lt;br /&gt;
=====Compound verbs=====&lt;br /&gt;
=====Irregular verbs=====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;a - &#039;&#039;to be&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The verb &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; is the copula. It takes two arguments, both in the absolutive. It is used to:&lt;br /&gt;
#denote identity. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Hüikiyw wö alnoem &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;Hüikiyw &#039;&#039;is&#039;&#039; my mother.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#denote class membership, except for class within classes. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Wu hwe &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;am&#039;&#039; a human.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. *&amp;lt;s&amp;gt;Hwétoun taulon &#039;&#039;a&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;Dogs &#039;&#039;are&#039;&#039; animals.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; (See [[Iaskyon#sa - to belong|&#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;]])&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;la - &#039;&#039;to exist&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The verb &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;la&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; takes only one argument in the absolutive. It is used to:&lt;br /&gt;
#denote existence. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Mök &#039;&#039;la&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;(There) &#039;&#039;is&#039;&#039; a cat.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#denote temporary possession or keeping, used with locative case. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Yö zeà weu &#039;&#039;la&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;have&#039;&#039; your book.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;sa - &#039;&#039;to belong&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
The verb &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; takes two arguments, the &amp;quot;possessor&amp;quot; being in the ergative and the &amp;quot;possessed&amp;quot; in the absolutive. It is used to:&lt;br /&gt;
#denote non-temporary, or inherent possession. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Iscuŋi çoihxí &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;This tree &#039;&#039;has&#039;&#039; ten branches.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; e.g. Wi iszeà &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;I &#039;&#039;own&#039;&#039; this book.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#denote class being within other classes. &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;e.g. Hwétoun tauloni &#039;&#039;sa&#039;&#039;. &amp;quot;Dogs &#039;&#039;are&#039;&#039; animals.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;jo - &#039;&#039;to become&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Conjugation tables====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adjectives and adverbs===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Particles===&lt;br /&gt;
===Numbers===&lt;br /&gt;
The number (&#039;&#039;&#039;tögon&#039;&#039;&#039; /tœɡɔn/) system in Iaskyon is vigesimal (base-20). The writing system Iaswü has a set of 20 numerals to represent it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Larger numbers are grouped by &#039;&#039;&#039;yil&#039;&#039;&#039; /jil/ (&#039;&#039;&#039;1000&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;, i.e. 8000&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;10&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;), alike the Indo-European system of grouping by thousands.&lt;br /&gt;
====Basic numerals====&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsible&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Numerals&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;50px&amp;quot;|Vig.&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;50px&amp;quot;|Dec.&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;100px&amp;quot;|Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;50px&amp;quot;|Vig.&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;50px&amp;quot;|Dec.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|gwön&lt;br /&gt;
|0&lt;br /&gt;
|0&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|xí&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|yé&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|pih&lt;br /&gt;
|B&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|don&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|töe&lt;br /&gt;
|C&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|làd&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|zei&lt;br /&gt;
|D&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|wöx&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|fún&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|kí&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|çà&lt;br /&gt;
|F&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|wou&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ŋeh&lt;br /&gt;
|G&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|sün&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|küz&lt;br /&gt;
|H&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|wé&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|ox&lt;br /&gt;
|J&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|bux&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|xeu&lt;br /&gt;
|K&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
* I is skipped in the vigesimal notation to avoid mistaking for 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align: center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Larger numbers&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;200px&amp;quot;|Iaskyon&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Vig.&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;150px&amp;quot;|Dec.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|hwax&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|yé yéhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|don yéhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|làd yéhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|donhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|40&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|yé donhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|41&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|don donhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|çà zeihwax&lt;br /&gt;
|DF&lt;br /&gt;
|275&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|xeu xeuhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|KK&lt;br /&gt;
|399&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|şoc&lt;br /&gt;
|100&lt;br /&gt;
|400&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|şoc yé&lt;br /&gt;
|101&lt;br /&gt;
|401&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|donşoc&lt;br /&gt;
|200&lt;br /&gt;
|800&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|kíşoc töe&lt;br /&gt;
|50C&lt;br /&gt;
|2 012&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|xíşoc ŋeh wöxhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|A4G&lt;br /&gt;
|4 096&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|yil&lt;br /&gt;
|1 000&lt;br /&gt;
|8 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|yil yé&lt;br /&gt;
|1 001&lt;br /&gt;
|8 001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|sünyil sünşoc bux töehwax&lt;br /&gt;
|7 7C9&lt;br /&gt;
|59 049&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|hwixil&lt;br /&gt;
|10 000&lt;br /&gt;
|160 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|şocil&lt;br /&gt;
|100 000&lt;br /&gt;
|3 200 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|mox&lt;br /&gt;
|1 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|64 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|hwammox&lt;br /&gt;
|10 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|1 280 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|şommox&lt;br /&gt;
|100 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|25 600 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|fák&lt;br /&gt;
|1 000 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|512 000 000 000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|...&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;row&amp;quot;|wöxfák kíşoc xeu küzhwammox fúnşoc wou çàhwixil oxşoc töe küzhwax&lt;br /&gt;
|4 5HK EF6 JHC&lt;br /&gt;
|2 199 023 255 552&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Attached forms====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Normal nouns&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Numbers are appended as a suffix to the noun.&lt;br /&gt;
**gin (thing): gin&#039;&#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), gindon (2), ginlàd (3), ginwöx (4), ginkí (5)...&lt;br /&gt;
**mök (cat): mök&#039;&#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), mökdon (2), möklàd (3), mökwöx (4), mökkí (5)...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Hwe&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;The word &#039;&#039;hwe&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;person&amp;quot; takes irregular forms with numbers.&lt;br /&gt;
**&#039;&#039;&#039;hwá&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), hu&#039;&#039;&#039;dau&#039;&#039;&#039; (2), hu&#039;&#039;&#039;yàd&#039;&#039;&#039; (3), huwöx (4), hukí (5)...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Ordinals&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;The ordinal prefix takes the form of &#039;&#039;cV-&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039; is the first (short) vowel of the numeral.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;The ordinals in turn are appended as a suffix to the noun.&lt;br /&gt;
**&#039;&#039;&#039;cyé&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), c&#039;&#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;&#039;don (2), c&#039;&#039;&#039;à&#039;&#039;&#039;làd (3), c&#039;&#039;&#039;ö&#039;&#039;&#039;wöx (4), c&#039;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&#039;kí (5), c&#039;&#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;&#039;wou (6)...&lt;br /&gt;
**gin (thing): gin&#039;&#039;&#039;cyé&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), ginc&#039;&#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;&#039;don (2), ginc&#039;&#039;&#039;à&#039;&#039;&#039;làd (3), ginc&#039;&#039;&#039;ö&#039;&#039;&#039;wöx (4), ginc&#039;&#039;&#039;i&#039;&#039;&#039;kí (5)...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Number of times&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;In representing number of times or instances, a suffix &#039;&#039;-hen&#039;&#039; is used.&lt;br /&gt;
**&#039;&#039;&#039;yahun&#039;&#039;&#039; (1), &#039;&#039;&#039;dauhun&#039;&#039;&#039; (2), làdhen (3), wöxhen (4), kíhen (5)...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Fractions and vigesimals====&lt;br /&gt;
Fractions (&#039;&#039;&#039;aegĺtögnon&#039;&#039;&#039; /aigl̩ˈtœɡnɔn/) in Iaskyon use the word &#039;&#039;&#039;kil&#039;&#039;&#039; /kil/ from &#039;&#039;&#039;kilet&#039;&#039;&#039; /ˈkilɛʔ/ &amp;quot;cut, divide&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Unit fractions&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Fractions with numerator 1 are constructed with denominator + &#039;&#039;kil&#039;&#039;, &amp;quot;to cut D times&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
**&#039;&#039;&#039;don&#039;&#039;&#039;kil (1/&#039;&#039;&#039;2&#039;&#039;&#039;), &#039;&#039;&#039;làd&#039;&#039;&#039;kil (1/&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039;), &#039;&#039;&#039;wöx&#039;&#039;&#039;kil (1/&#039;&#039;&#039;4&#039;&#039;&#039;), ..., &#039;&#039;&#039;yé-donhwax&#039;&#039;&#039;kil (1/&#039;&#039;&#039;21&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; = 1/&#039;&#039;&#039;41&#039;&#039;&#039;)...&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple fractions&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Simple fractions are constructed with numerator (locative) + denominator + &#039;&#039;kil&#039;&#039;, &amp;quot;to cut D times at N&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
**&#039;&#039;&#039;don&#039;&#039;&#039;eu làdkil (&#039;&#039;&#039;2&#039;&#039;&#039;/3), &#039;&#039;&#039;làd&#039;&#039;&#039;eu kíkil (&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039;/5), ..., &#039;&#039;&#039;ŋeh&#039;&#039;&#039;eu sün-yéhwaxkil (&#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039;/17&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; = &#039;&#039;&#039;16&#039;&#039;&#039;/27), ..., &#039;&#039;&#039;buxşoc-küz-ŋehhwax&#039;&#039;&#039;eu yil-oxşoc-çà-wöxhwaxkil (&#039;&#039;&#039;9GH&#039;&#039;&#039;/1J4F&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; = &#039;&#039;&#039;3937&#039;&#039;&#039;/15295)...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Word derivation===&lt;br /&gt;
====Change in parts of speech====&lt;br /&gt;
====No change in parts of speech====&lt;br /&gt;
====Word compounding====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Syntax==&lt;br /&gt;
===Word order===&lt;br /&gt;
===Relative clauses===&lt;br /&gt;
===Speech===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Vocabulary==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Swadesh list==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Give a list or link to a page with a list with words and their definitions (or words translated from English). It is suggested that phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before going on to this or you may risk making the words too similar to those of your native language. Just a heads up. Also, the Contionary wiki is a conlang dictionary that might be of interest to you: http://conlangdictionary.wikia.com/wiki/Contionary_Wiki --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Swadesh&lt;br /&gt;
|language=&lt;br /&gt;
|nativename=&lt;br /&gt;
|I=&lt;br /&gt;
|you (singular)=&lt;br /&gt;
|he=&lt;br /&gt;
|we=&lt;br /&gt;
|you (plural)=&lt;br /&gt;
|they=&lt;br /&gt;
|this=&lt;br /&gt;
|that=&lt;br /&gt;
|here=&lt;br /&gt;
|there=&lt;br /&gt;
|who=&lt;br /&gt;
|what=&lt;br /&gt;
|where=&lt;br /&gt;
|when=&lt;br /&gt;
|how=&lt;br /&gt;
|not=&lt;br /&gt;
|all=&lt;br /&gt;
|many=&lt;br /&gt;
|some=&lt;br /&gt;
|few=&lt;br /&gt;
|other=&lt;br /&gt;
|one=&lt;br /&gt;
|two=&lt;br /&gt;
|three=&lt;br /&gt;
|four=&lt;br /&gt;
|five=&lt;br /&gt;
|big=&lt;br /&gt;
|long=&lt;br /&gt;
|wide=&lt;br /&gt;
|thick=&lt;br /&gt;
|heavy=&lt;br /&gt;
|small=&lt;br /&gt;
|short=&lt;br /&gt;
|narrow=&lt;br /&gt;
|thin=&lt;br /&gt;
|woman=&lt;br /&gt;
|man (adult male)=&lt;br /&gt;
|Man (human being)=&lt;br /&gt;
|child=&lt;br /&gt;
|wife=&lt;br /&gt;
|husband=&lt;br /&gt;
|mother=&lt;br /&gt;
|father=&lt;br /&gt;
|animal=&lt;br /&gt;
|fish=&lt;br /&gt;
|bird=&lt;br /&gt;
|dog=&lt;br /&gt;
|louse=&lt;br /&gt;
|snake=&lt;br /&gt;
|worm=&lt;br /&gt;
|tree=&lt;br /&gt;
|forest=&lt;br /&gt;
|stick=&lt;br /&gt;
|fruit=&lt;br /&gt;
|seed=&lt;br /&gt;
|leaf=&lt;br /&gt;
|root=&lt;br /&gt;
|bark=&lt;br /&gt;
|flower=&lt;br /&gt;
|grass=&lt;br /&gt;
|rope=&lt;br /&gt;
|skin=&lt;br /&gt;
|meat=&lt;br /&gt;
|blood=&lt;br /&gt;
|bone=&lt;br /&gt;
|fat (n.)=&lt;br /&gt;
|egg=&lt;br /&gt;
|horn=&lt;br /&gt;
|tail=&lt;br /&gt;
|feather=&lt;br /&gt;
|hair=&lt;br /&gt;
|head=&lt;br /&gt;
|ear=&lt;br /&gt;
|eye=&lt;br /&gt;
|nose=&lt;br /&gt;
|mouth=&lt;br /&gt;
|tooth=&lt;br /&gt;
|tongue=&lt;br /&gt;
|fingernail=&lt;br /&gt;
|foot=&lt;br /&gt;
|leg=&lt;br /&gt;
|knee=&lt;br /&gt;
|hand=&lt;br /&gt;
|wing=&lt;br /&gt;
|belly=&lt;br /&gt;
|guts=&lt;br /&gt;
|neck=&lt;br /&gt;
|back=&lt;br /&gt;
|breast=&lt;br /&gt;
|heart=&lt;br /&gt;
|liver=&lt;br /&gt;
|drink=&lt;br /&gt;
|eat=&lt;br /&gt;
|bite=&lt;br /&gt;
|suck=&lt;br /&gt;
|spit=&lt;br /&gt;
|vomit=&lt;br /&gt;
|blow=&lt;br /&gt;
|breathe=&lt;br /&gt;
|laugh=&lt;br /&gt;
|see=&lt;br /&gt;
|hear=&lt;br /&gt;
|know=&lt;br /&gt;
|think=&lt;br /&gt;
|smell=&lt;br /&gt;
|fear=&lt;br /&gt;
|sleep=&lt;br /&gt;
|live=&lt;br /&gt;
|die=&lt;br /&gt;
|kill=&lt;br /&gt;
|fight=&lt;br /&gt;
|hunt=&lt;br /&gt;
|hit=&lt;br /&gt;
|cut=&lt;br /&gt;
|split=&lt;br /&gt;
|stab=&lt;br /&gt;
|scratch=&lt;br /&gt;
|dig=&lt;br /&gt;
|swim=&lt;br /&gt;
|fly (v.)=&lt;br /&gt;
|walk=&lt;br /&gt;
|come=&lt;br /&gt;
|lie=&lt;br /&gt;
|sit=&lt;br /&gt;
|stand=&lt;br /&gt;
|turn=&lt;br /&gt;
|fall=&lt;br /&gt;
|give=&lt;br /&gt;
|hold=&lt;br /&gt;
|squeeze=&lt;br /&gt;
|rub=&lt;br /&gt;
|wash=&lt;br /&gt;
|wipe=&lt;br /&gt;
|pull=&lt;br /&gt;
|push=&lt;br /&gt;
|throw=&lt;br /&gt;
|tie=&lt;br /&gt;
|sew=&lt;br /&gt;
|count=&lt;br /&gt;
|say=&lt;br /&gt;
|sing=&lt;br /&gt;
|play=&lt;br /&gt;
|float=&lt;br /&gt;
|flow=&lt;br /&gt;
|freeze=&lt;br /&gt;
|swell=&lt;br /&gt;
|sun=&lt;br /&gt;
|moon=&lt;br /&gt;
|star=&lt;br /&gt;
|water=&lt;br /&gt;
|rain=&lt;br /&gt;
|river=&lt;br /&gt;
|lake=&lt;br /&gt;
|sea=&lt;br /&gt;
|salt=&lt;br /&gt;
|stone=&lt;br /&gt;
|sand=&lt;br /&gt;
|dust=&lt;br /&gt;
|earth=&lt;br /&gt;
|cloud=&lt;br /&gt;
|fog=&lt;br /&gt;
|sky=&lt;br /&gt;
|wind=&lt;br /&gt;
|snow=&lt;br /&gt;
|ice=&lt;br /&gt;
|smoke=&lt;br /&gt;
|fire=&lt;br /&gt;
|ashes=&lt;br /&gt;
|burn=&lt;br /&gt;
|road=&lt;br /&gt;
|mountain=&lt;br /&gt;
|red=&lt;br /&gt;
|green=&lt;br /&gt;
|yellow=&lt;br /&gt;
|white=&lt;br /&gt;
|black=&lt;br /&gt;
|night=&lt;br /&gt;
|day=&lt;br /&gt;
|year=&lt;br /&gt;
|warm=&lt;br /&gt;
|cold=&lt;br /&gt;
|full=&lt;br /&gt;
|new=&lt;br /&gt;
|old=&lt;br /&gt;
|good=&lt;br /&gt;
|bad=&lt;br /&gt;
|rotten=&lt;br /&gt;
|dirty=&lt;br /&gt;
|straight=&lt;br /&gt;
|round=&lt;br /&gt;
|sharp=&lt;br /&gt;
|dull=&lt;br /&gt;
|smooth=&lt;br /&gt;
|wet=&lt;br /&gt;
|dry=&lt;br /&gt;
|correct=&lt;br /&gt;
|near=&lt;br /&gt;
|far=&lt;br /&gt;
|right=&lt;br /&gt;
|left=&lt;br /&gt;
|at=&lt;br /&gt;
|in=&lt;br /&gt;
|with=&lt;br /&gt;
|and=&lt;br /&gt;
|if=&lt;br /&gt;
|because=&lt;br /&gt;
|name=}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example texts==&lt;br /&gt;
====[[Translation:The Universal Declaration of Human Rights/Iaskyon|The Universal Declaration of Human Rights]]====&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Article 1; Kiloncy-1&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Fá hwe nixonax yawaoşöüno, hecleŋeu cwakleŋeuel pöüloşöü.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Tĺbo lékmaşehĺ hácexşehĺel üneĺino, i çamkwel mwőgkwolöŋau núgĺ çodgat.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should treat each other in a spirit of brotherhood.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Tower of Babel (unfinished translation)====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Wes upyeu, u paileyeu löüm fá hwei kyonya sesḿ gün.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[βɛsˈupjɛŭ | ʔu ˌpailejɛŭ lœy̆m ˈɸaː xβ̞eĭ kjɔn.ja sezm̩ ɡyn]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Tĺbo wakowem þàkfeullespye, i Sináeu uhöl kaisḿ; eno u wekeneu emgeunüm.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[tl̩bɔ ˈβakoβɛm ˌtθɜk̚ɸɛulːɛspjɛ | ʔi ˌsinaː.ɛu ˈʔuxœl kaism̩ ‖ ɛnou βɛk̚nɛu ˈ(β̞)ɛmɡɛunym]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Yasou tĺbi çamkwel sesḿ: hàgó, sebi xemcó céheno leba ünoibàmetó. Keu tĺbi xemcóhĺ xog, libonĺ guxme lahönüm.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[jasou tl̩bi ˈtɬamkβ̞ɛl sezm̩ ‖ xɜˈɡoː | sɛbi ɣɛmˈtsoː ˈtseːxnɔ lɛba ynɔibɜmɛˈtoː ‖ kɛu tl̩bi ɣɛmˈtsoːxl̩ ɣɔɡ | ˈlibɔnl̩ ɡuʔmɛ ˈlax(œ)nym]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Iaskyon articles}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conlangs]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Languages]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=31453</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=31453"/>
		<updated>2015-03-02T12:22:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik teksekuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tekse-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
*be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=29481</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=29481"/>
		<updated>2015-01-13T13:31:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Conlanger, conworlder, althistory constructor and con-scripter.&lt;br /&gt;
: All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]] (2007-; polysynthetic), spoken in Republic of Izikoy (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erbatrian]] (2007-2008, restarted 2014-; somewhat mock-Indo-Iranian; not euroclone or SAE), spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Erbatra, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]] (to be done), spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]] (to be done), spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* Pit Jiim (2007-2008, restarted in 2014 but failed; Mon-Khmer-based) plus a lot more extinct ones.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=29480</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=29480"/>
		<updated>2015-01-13T13:28:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]], spoken in Republic of Izikoy (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erbatrian]], spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Erbatra, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]], spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]], spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:Lovebirds%27_Song/Roguel&amp;diff=28251</id>
		<title>Literature:Lovebirds&#039; Song/Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:Lovebirds%27_Song/Roguel&amp;diff=28251"/>
		<updated>2014-12-06T16:12:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Created page with &amp;quot;{{Library translation sidebar}} {{ombox | type = book | text = &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Lovebirds&amp;#039; Song (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Saola Peadid&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is a conlang song, used as the text fo...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Library translation sidebar}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{ombox&lt;br /&gt;
| type = book&lt;br /&gt;
| text = &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;[[Literature:Lovebirds&#039; Song|Lovebirds&#039; Song]] (&#039;&#039;Saola Peadid&#039;&#039;) is a conlang song, used as the text for the [[First Linguifex Relay]].&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;5&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Original [[Valian]] !! [[Roguel]] !! English &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;vertical-align: top;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ilmana riigin vaevannain&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
saolana saolain elennain&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
saolana viihma tarvasin&lt;br /&gt;
(äryanänna peadid&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;)&lt;br /&gt;
lumalle aega&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
täsarma hiiva&lt;br /&gt;
västamma aura&lt;br /&gt;
(äryanänna peadid)&lt;br /&gt;
neesta Vastaa&lt;br /&gt;
ruunann&#039; pahaa!&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Musxepna salenit hokminek&lt;br /&gt;
Lemepna benicit benek&lt;br /&gt;
Korna lemce benek&lt;br /&gt;
(Bikcatacrem dulesiona)&lt;br /&gt;
Honamnek kuyal&lt;br /&gt;
Ronamnek rimi&lt;br /&gt;
Nukamnek tsam&lt;br /&gt;
(Bikcatacrem dulesiona)&lt;br /&gt;
Seskelenek!&lt;br /&gt;
Tekjipayek!&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;lt;poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
He wanders the lands of the dreaming&lt;br /&gt;
He sings the songs of the unliving&lt;br /&gt;
He sings the death of trees&lt;br /&gt;
(The lovebirds have left)&lt;br /&gt;
Prick of frost&lt;br /&gt;
Icing of water&lt;br /&gt;
Passing of time&lt;br /&gt;
(The lovebirds have left)&lt;br /&gt;
And he is Father Winter&lt;br /&gt;
All-seer!&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/poem&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
# literally &#039;dreamers&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
# literally &#039;those not alive&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
# a play on words as &#039;&#039;peadid&#039;&#039; can refer to both a amorous couple and a pair of a bird that migrates south during winter &lt;br /&gt;
# a “frozen” phrase meaning &#039;frostbite&#039;, a more modern version would be &#039;&#039;lumallaega&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
# literally &#039;he sees secrets!&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{List translations}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Text translation widget}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:Translation exercises]][[Category:Relay texts]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=28042</id>
		<title>User:Juby</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Juby&amp;diff=28042"/>
		<updated>2014-11-26T14:41:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;All my conlangs are currently located in Austronesia, on the planet of Minerva:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roguel]], spoken in Republic of Serehano (formerly known as New Vriesland during colonization period by Gratia);&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erbatrian]], spoken in the United Democratic Republic of Erbatra, and in the Kingdom of Aratal; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erivotian]], spoken in the Kingdom of Erivot; (under construction)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Taqshan]], spoken in the Union of Taqsha. (under construction)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28008</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28008"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T04:58:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sample Text ==&lt;br /&gt;
Article 1, UDHR:&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Uxlisem it&#039;ikitsa moheynas valemre tsamemirbik teksekuat. Varatsp&#039;iney oyaseis tirpiriptem tsunohelgulit naskin manhanytegilaremre.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
uxlis-em it&#039;i-kitsa moh-ey-na-s val-em-re tsam-em-ir-bik tekse-kuat. varats-p&#039;in-ey oy-as-ey-s tir-pir-ipt-em tsuno-hel-gul-it nask-in man-hany-teg-i-lar-em-re&lt;br /&gt;
be.free-3PL value-weight be.proper-ABST-PL-and be.equal-3PL-conj be.born-3PL-GER-ABL all-man. wise-think-ABST good-hold-ABST-and naturally-give-argument.reverse-3PL elder.brother-younger.brother-spirit-POSS mutual-ADV DAT-act-should-EPEN-INST-3PL-conj&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28007</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28007"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T03:22:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:roguelian_script.PNG|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28006</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28006"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T03:19:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonology and Orthography ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Roguelian script.png|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
* /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
* /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
* Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
* /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
* /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
* /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
* /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
* The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡].&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28005</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=28005"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T03:00:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonetics and Phonology ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Roguelian script.png|thumbnail]]&lt;br /&gt;
Notes:&lt;br /&gt;
1. /dz/ has a free variant [z], with which it is interchangeable. Word initially, /dz/ is more common.&lt;br /&gt;
2. /c c&#039; ɟ/ are being evolved into [tʃ tʃ&#039; dʒ], with additional (more conservative) allophones as palatal fricatives. However, their original values are preserved after /ɲ/.&lt;br /&gt;
3. Standard /ʃ/ is traditionally pronounced [ç], but it is now considered obsolete, mostly found in the elderly and in rural areas.&lt;br /&gt;
4. /ɬ/ is pronounced [θ] in some dialects.&lt;br /&gt;
5. /ts&#039;/ and /c&#039;/ can be realized as [s&#039;] and [ç&#039;~ʃ&#039;] after another consonant.&lt;br /&gt;
6. /β/ is realized as an on-glide [w] after a consonant (including itself).&lt;br /&gt;
7. /p, t, k, ts, c, m, n, ɲ, l, ɾ, s, ʃ, ɬ, h, j/ are the only consonants permitted to occur in coda position. When voiceless ones precede voiced onsets, they become voiced. If the two consonants have the same place of articulation, they merge into a geminated one, e.g. /pp&#039;/ [p&#039;ː]; /pb/ [bː]&lt;br /&gt;
8. /h/ is realized as [x] when stressed, and as [ʔ] in coda position.&lt;br /&gt;
9. The cluster /tl/ and /tɬ/ are both realized as the affricate [tɬ͡]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Roguelian_script.PNG&amp;diff=28004</id>
		<title>File:Roguelian script.PNG</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Roguelian_script.PNG&amp;diff=28004"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T02:40:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Juby uploaded a new version of &amp;amp;quot;File:Roguelian script.PNG&amp;amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Orthography and Phonology of Roguel&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Roguelian_script.PNG&amp;diff=28002</id>
		<title>File:Roguelian script.PNG</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Roguelian_script.PNG&amp;diff=28002"/>
		<updated>2014-11-25T02:36:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Orthography and Phonology of Roguel&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Orthography and Phonology of Roguel&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=27881</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=27881"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T15:25:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{construction}}&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago (comparable to ATL&#039;s Indonesia), on the planet of Minerva (an alternative earth). It is an umbrella term for several languages, including Littoral Roguel and Plains Roguel. The standard form, based on Central Roguel, the dialect of the capital Goretiko, is an official language of the Republic of Serehano (alongside Low Blagulfian), with about 2.5 million first language speakers and over 6 million second language speakers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It belongs to the Central subbranch, Central Roguelian branch of Roguelian family, part of Roguelian-Tayno-Paskhetsian stock, itself a part of the controversial West Austronesian phylum. Like other member of Central Roguelian branch it features noun incorporation, predominantly suffixing morphology, and has OVS as its predominant word order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its writing system (currently under construction) is a syllabary alphabet devised by [?], the Chief of Nupovo in 1563, roughly modelled on the Smofian script (a full alphabet).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phonetics and Phonology ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Consonants ===&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=27880</id>
		<title>Roguel</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Roguel&amp;diff=27880"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T14:45:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Created page with &amp;quot;Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago comparable to Indonesia, on the planet of Minerva.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Roguel is a heavily agglutinative conlang spoken in the western isles of Austronesia, a large archipelago comparable to Indonesia, on the planet of Minerva.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Themsaran/he&amp;diff=27874</id>
		<title>User:Themsaran/he</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:Themsaran/he&amp;diff=27874"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T13:58:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: double redirection&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Themsarian/he]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Themsaran/Bipersonal_affixes&amp;diff=27872</id>
		<title>User talk:Themsaran/Bipersonal affixes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Themsaran/Bipersonal_affixes&amp;diff=27872"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T13:53:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: double redirection&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Talk:Themsarian/Bipersonal affixes]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Kna%C5%A1ta/%C3%89ja_Lot_D%C5%BDis_Vr%C3%A9jist!&amp;diff=27865</id>
		<title>Knašta/Éja Lot DŽis Vréjist!</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Kna%C5%A1ta/%C3%89ja_Lot_D%C5%BDis_Vr%C3%A9jist!&amp;diff=27865"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T13:19:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: Redirected page to Contionary:éja lot ǰis vréjist&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Contionary:éja lot ǰis vréjist]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Lingua_sen_nom&amp;diff=27863</id>
		<title>Lingua sen nom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Lingua_sen_nom&amp;diff=27863"/>
		<updated>2014-11-21T12:34:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Juby: double redirection&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Coroanês]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Juby</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>