Linguifex - User contributions [en]

Aksish

2025-08-02T06:32:08Z

SleepyAks:

'''Aksish''' ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæ.ksɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|A-ksish]], also [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæk.sɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|AK-sish]] is a [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]] language mainly descended from Polish, with strong influence of [[w:Russian language|Russian]] and weaker influence of [[Aksish languages]]. It is spoken by Aksians in Sleepy Aks.
{{Infobox language
|name=Aksish
|nativename=Аксөй/Aksój
|pronunciation=ˈäksɤj
|pronunciation_key=IPA for Aksish
|states=Sleepy Aks
|setting=Alternative history, Sleepy Aks
|region=[[w:Polynesia|Polynesia]]
|speakers=22,000,000
|date=2021
|created=????
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=[[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
|fam3=[[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]]
|fam4=[[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]]
|fam5=[[w:Lechitic languages|Lechitic]]
|fam6=[[w:Polish language|Polish]]
|creator=User:SleepyAks
|script1=Cyrl
|script2=Latn
|agency=Aksish Language Council (Справа Аксөйго Ӗзӱка/Sprava Aksójgo Jęzųka)
|notice=IPA
|ethnicity=Aksians
}}
==History==
Aksish is a result of prolonged [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet]] occupation. Most probably it first was created as a code. Aksians decided to rely on [[w:Polish language|Polish]] to blend in better (Polish was and still is a language widely used across the entire country), but coined their own words for strategically important terms ("надсаве̄ц/nadsavjec" - (military) victory, literally "above Soviets") and for terms fundamentally altered by the newly introduced to Sleepy Aks communism ("њимой/ńimoj" - property, literally "not mine"). These words after the war slowly lost their negative connotation and displaced Polish-derived words, altering their meaning or voiding them completely. Aksians soon saw the newly-created language as a way to stay not understood by anyone - it was similar enough to Polish, that Aksish could be learnt and taught rather easily, yet different enough, that the two are mutually unitelligible to a significant degree. Aksians brought in to Aksish a few vowels of [[Old Aksish]] origin and started adding words on a mass scale (mostly taking them from Polish and Russian for unclear reasons). This resulted in the language being a completely unstandardized mess. In the spite of that Aksish was continuing to develop and crystalise, it became a language in its own right somewhere in 1970 or 1971.
==Phonology==
{{main|Aksish phonology}}
Aksish has an abnormally high for Slavic languages number of vowels (12) and slightly more consonants than other Slavic languages (34). It additionally has a complex system of allophony, with full series of post-alveorals/retroflexes and alveolo-palatals.
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="4" | Labial
! colspan="5" | Coronal
! colspan="6" | Dorsal
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Laryngeal
|-
! colspan="2" | Bilabial
! colspan="2" | Labiodental
! colspan="2" | Alveoral
! colspan="2" | Post-Alveoral/Retroflex
! colspan="2" | Alv.-pal.
! Palatal
! colspan="2" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Uvular
|-
! colspan="3" | Nasal
|
| m
|
|
|
| n
|
|
|
|
| ɲ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Plosive
| p
| b
|
|
| t
| d
|
|
|
|
|
| k
| ɡ
| q
| ɢ
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Affricate
|
|
|
|
| t͡s
| d͡z
| t͡ʂ
| d͡ʐ
| t͡ɕ
| d͡ʑ
|
|
|
| q͡χ˖
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Fricative
|
|
| f
| v
| s
| z
| ʂ
| ʐ
| ɕ
| ʑ
|
| x
|
| colspan="3" | χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| ʕ
|-
! colspan="3" | Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| j
|
| w
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Trill/Flap
|
|
|
|
|
| r ~ ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Lateral
|
|
|
|
|
| l
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ɫ~ʟ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!
! colspan="2" | Front
! colspan="2" | Central
! colspan="2" | Back
|-
! Close
| i
| (y)
|
| ʉ
|
| u, ũ
|-
! Near-close
|
|
| ᵻ
|
|
|
|-
! Close-mid
| e
|
|
| ɵ, ɵ̃
| ɤ
|
|-
! Mid
|
|
| rowspan="2" | ɜ~ə
|
|
|
|-
! Open-mid
| ɛ, ɛ̃
|
|
|
| ɔ, ɔ̃
|-
! Open
| colspan="3" | a~ä
|
| ɑ, ɑ̃
|
|-
|}
All vowels except for ɑ̃, ɵ̃ and ũ can be iotated.
==Allophony==
Aksish has an extensive system of consonant allophony, with full post-alveoral/retroflex, alveolo-palatal, post-palatal and uvular series. The table below shows allophonical variations of all consonants in all possible contexts:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Letter
! rowspan="2" | Normal/other context
! colspan="2" | Palatal context
! rowspan="2" | Uvular/phar. context
|-
! Before iotated vowels
! Before other palatals
|-
| б/b
| b
| bʲ
| colspan="2" | b
|-
| ц/c
| t͡s
| t͡sʲ
| colspan="2" | t͡s
|-
| ҵ/dz
| d͡z
| d͡zʲ
| colspan="2" | d͡z
|-
| џ/č
| t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
| t͡ʂʲ ~ t͡ɕ
| colspan="2" | t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
|-
| ҹ/dž
| d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
| d͡ʐʲ~d͡ʑ
| colspan="2" | d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
|-
| ч/ć
| t͡ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ/dź
| d͡ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | d͡ʑ
|-
| д/d
| d
| ȡ
| d̠ ~ ɖ
| d
|-
| ф/f
| f
| fʲ
| colspan="2" | f
|-
| г/g
| ɡ
| ɟ˗ʲ
| ɟ˗
| g˗ ~ ɢ̟
|-
| ѓ/ǵ
| ɢ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗ʲ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗
| -
|-
| ґ/ğ
| ʕ
| ʕɒj
| ʕɒ
| -
|-
| х/x
| x
| ç˗ʲ
| ç˗
| x̠ ~ χ˖
|-
| һ/h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| χ͢ç˗ʲ ~ ħɒj ~ ʜɒj ~ hɒj
| χ͢ç˗~ ħɒ ~ ʜɒ ~ hɒ
| -
|-
| ћ/ħ
| q͡χ˖
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗ʲ
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗
| -
|-
| й/j
| j
| -
| j (_ɲ), j˖ (_[+alveolo-palatal])
| j
|-
| к/k
| k
| c̠ʲ
| c̠
| k̠ ~ q˖
|-
| ќ/ḱ/q
| q
| q͢ç˗ʲ
| q͢ç˗
| -
|-
| л/l
| l
| ȴ
| l̠ ~ ɭ
|-
| љ/ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
| ʎ̠ʲ
| ʎ̠
| lʶ ~ ʟ̠
|-
| ԯ/ł
| w
| ẅʲ
| ẅ
| w̠ ~ χ˕˖ʷ
|-
| м/m
| m, ɱ (_[+labiodental])
| mʲ
| colspan="2" | m
|-
| н/n
| n, ɱ (_[+labiodental]), ŋ (_[+velar])
| colspan="2" | -
| ɴ
|-
| њ/ń
| colspan="2" | ɲ
| ȵ
| ɲ
|-
| п/p
| p
| pʲ
| colspan="2" | p
|-
| р/r
| r ~ ɾ
| r̠ʲ ~ ɟ̆˖
| r̠ ~ ɾ̠ ~ ɽ ~ ɽr
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с/s
| s
| sʲ
| colspan="2" | s
|-
| ш/š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
| ʂʲ ~ ɕ
| colspan="2" | ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ/ś
| ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | ɕ
|-
| т/t
| t
| ȶ
| t̠
| t
|-
| в/v
| v
| vʲ
| colspan="2" | v
|-
| з/z
| z
| zʲ
| colspan="2" | z
|-
| ж/ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
| ʐʲ ~ ʑ
| colspan="2" | ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ/ź
| ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | ʑ
|-
|}
==Orthography==
Aksish uses two different scripts interchangeably - [[w:Latin script|Latin]] and [[w:Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]. While in the past 55 years Cyrillic has been consistently more used, Latin script is used more and more every year. Even in the earliest years of existence of Aksish some people wanted to use Latin script instead of Cyrillic, because Cyrillic script reminded them of Russians and their occupation of Sleepy Aks. Thus, in 1981 Latin was recognised as a valid script for writing in Aksish and now all documents have to be released written both in Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Currently, Aksish is starting to drift away from Cyrillic for a number of reasons, such as the [[w:Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russo-Ukrainian war]] and an overall bad opinion on Russians and their culture (and so, by extension, their alphabet) as a whole.
Latin Aksish alphabet differs quite heavily from Aksish Cyrillic alphabet, mainly with the number of letters (Latin has 48 while Cyrillic has 65), but also with the qlphabet order. Below is a table summarizing every Cyrillic character, each with a corresponding Latin character or digraph and precisely transcribed (i.e. put in square brackets) pronounciation.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Cyrillic
! Latin
! Pronounciation
|-
| а
| a
| a ~ ä
|-
| ӑ
| ă
| ɑ ~ ʌ̞
|-
| ӓ
| ą
| ɑ̃ ~ ʌ̞̃
|-
| ѩ/ꙗ
| ja
| ʲa ~ ʲä
|-
| ѭ/ꙗ̆
| jă
| ʲɑ ~ ʲʌ̞
|-
| б
| b
| b
|-
| ц
| c
| t͡s
|-
| ҵ
| dz
| d͡z
|-
| џ
| č
| t͡ʃ ~ t͡ʂ
|-
| ҹ
| dž
| d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʐ
|-
| ч
| ć
| t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ
| dž
| d͡ʑ
|-
| д
| d
| d
|-
| е
| e
| ɛ
|-
| ё
| ę
| ɛ̃
|-
| е̄
| je
| ʲɛ
|-
| ӗ
| ję
| ʲɛ̃
|-
| є
| é
| e
|-
| ѥ
| jé
| ʲe
|-
| э
| è
| ɜ ~ ə
|-
| э̄
| jè
| ʲɜ ~ ʲə
|-
| ф
| f
| f
|-
| г
| g
| ɡ
|-
| ѓ
| ǵ
| ɢ
|-
| ґ
| ğ
| ʕ
|-
| х
| x
| x
|-
| һ
| h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
|-
| ћ
| ħ
| q͡χ˖
|-
| и
| i
| i
|-
| ӣ
| ji
| ʲi
|-
| й
| j
| j
|-
| к
| k
| k
|-
| ќ
| ḱ/q
| q
|-
| л
| l
| l
|-
| љ
| ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
|-
| ԯ
| ł
| w
|-
| м
| m
| m
|-
| н
| n
| n
|-
| њ
| ń
| ɲ
|-
| о
| o
| ɔ
|-
| ӧ
| ǫ
| ɔ̃
|-
| ю
| jo
| ʲɔ
|-
| ю̈
| jǫ
| ʲɔ̃
|-
| ө
| ó
| ɤ
|-
| ө̄
| jó
| ʲɤ
|-
| п
| p
| p
|-
| р
| r
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с
| s
| s
|-
| ш
| š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ
| ś
| ɕ
|-
| т
| t
| t
|-
| у
| u
| u
|-
| ӱ
| ų
| ũ
|-
| ӯ
| ju
| ʲu
|-
| ү
| ú
| ɵ
|-
| ү̈
| ų́
| ɵ̃
|-
| ү̄
| jú
| ʲɵ
|-
| ұ
| ù
| ʉ
|-
| ұ̄
| jù
| ʲʉ
|-
| (у́)
| ý
| y
|-
| (ў)
| jý
| ʲy
|-
| в
| v
| v
|-
| ы
| y
| ᵻ
|-
| ы̄
| jy
| ʲᵻ
|-
| з
| z
| z
|-
| ж
| ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ
| ź
| ʑ
|-
|}
==Grammar==
{{main|Aksish grammar}}
Aksish is a highly fusional, pro-drop language. It makes extensive use of both declensional and lexical affixes (with declensional being mostly suffixes and lexical nearly exclusively prefixes).

Nouns declense for 2 number and 9 cases. While both numbers and 7 of the 9 cases were inherited from Slavic languages, ablative and allative cases come from Old Aksish and work based on Old Aksish' principles, making them seem completely unpredictable, especially when the word root ends in a vowel.

Verbs differentiate between imperfective and perfective aspects, with either of them always being an inalienable property of a verb. Verbs also conjugate for 5 moods, 4 tenses, 2 numbers, 3 persons and 5 genders. Aside pluperfect tense, whcich was inherited from Old Aksish (Polish does have pluperfect tense, but it is and was at the time of Aksish' forming already largely archaic), and optative and precative moods, which split from Polish' subjunctive mood, all forms have been inherited from Slavic languages (with most coming from Polish). Additionally, Aksish verbs have a complex system of gerunds and participles inherited from Polish.

Adjectives fully agree with nouns they describe, but additionally declense for gender. Adjectives (and adjective-derived adverbs) also have three degrees of comparativity.

Aksish

2025-08-02T06:02:08Z

SleepyAks:

'''Aksish''' ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæ.ksɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|A-ksish]], also [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæk.sɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|AK-sish]] is a [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]] language mainly descended from Polish, with strong influence of [[w:Russian language|Russian]] and weaker influence of [[Aksish languages]]. It is spoken by Aksians in Sleepy Aks.
{{Infobox language
|name=Aksish
|nativename=Аксөй/Aksój
|pronunciation=ˈäksɤj
|pronunciation_key=IPA for Aksish
|states=Sleepy Aks
|setting=Alternative history, Sleepy Aks
|region=[[w:Polynesia|Polynesia]]
|speakers=22,000,000
|date=2021
|created=????
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=[[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
|fam3=[[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]]
|fam4=[[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]]
|fam5=[[w:Lechitic languages|Lechitic]]
|fam6=[[w:Polish language|Polish]]
|creator=User:SleepyAks
|script1=Cyrl
|script2=Latn
|agency=Aksish Language Council (Справа Аксөйго Ӗзӱка/Sprava Aksójgo Jęzųka)
|notice=IPA
|ethnicity=Aksians
}}
==History==
Aksish is a result of prolonged [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet]] occupation. Most probably it first was created as a code. Aksians decided to rely on [[w:Polish language|Polish]] to blend in better (Polish was and still is a language widely used across the entire country), but coined their own words for strategically important terms ("надсаве̄ц/nadsavjec" - (military) victory, literally "above Soviets") and for terms fundamentally altered by the newly introduced to Sleepy Aks communism ("њимой/ńimoj" - property, literally "not mine"). These words after the war slowly lost their negative connotation and displaced Polish-derived words, altering their meaning or voiding them completely. Aksians soon saw the newly-created language as a way to stay not understood by anyone - it was similar enough to Polish, that Aksish could be learnt and taught rather easily, yet different enough, that the two are mutually unitelligible to a significant degree. Aksians brought in to Aksish a few vowels of [[Old Aksish]] origin and started adding words on a mass scale (mostly taking them from Polish and Russian for unclear reasons). This resulted in the language being a completely unstandardized mess. In the spite of that Aksish was continuing to develop and crystalise, it became a language in its own right somewhere in 1970 or 1971.
==Phonology==
{{main|Aksish phonology}}
Aksish has an abnormally high for Slavic languages number of vowels (12) and slightly more consonants than other Slavic languages (34). It additionally has a complex system of allophony, with full series of post-alveorals/retroflexes and alveolo-palatals.
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="4" | Labial
! colspan="5" | Coronal
! colspan="6" | Dorsal
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Laryngeal
|-
! colspan="2" | Bilabial
! colspan="2" | Labiodental
! colspan="2" | Alveoral
! colspan="2" | Post-Alveoral/ Retroflex
! colspan="2" | Alv.-pal.
! Palatal
! colspan="2" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Uvular
|-
! colspan="3" | Nasal
|
| m
|
|
|
| n
|
|
|
|
| ɲ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Plosive
| p
| b
|
|
| t
| d
|
|
|
|
|
| k
| ɡ
| q
| ɢ
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Affricate
|
|
|
|
| t͡s
| d͡z
| t͡ʂ
| d͡ʐ
| t͡ɕ
| d͡ʑ
|
|
|
| q͡χ˖
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Fricative
|
|
| f
| v
| s
| z
| ʂ
| ʐ
| ɕ
| ʑ
|
| x
|
| colspan="3" | χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| ʕ
|-
! colspan="3" | Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| j
|
| w
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Trill/Flap
|
|
|
|
|
| r ~ ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Lateral
|
|
|
|
|
| l
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ɫ~ʟ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!
! colspan="2" | Front
! colspan="2" | Central
! colspan="2" | Back
|-
! Close
| i
| (y)
|
| ʉ
|
| u, ũ
|-
! Near-close
|
|
| ᵻ
|
|
|
|-
! Close-mid
| e
|
|
| ɵ, ɵ̃
| ɤ
|
|-
! Mid
|
|
| rowspan="2" | ɜ~ə
|
|
|
|-
! Open-mid
| ɛ, ɛ̃
|
|
|
| ɔ, ɔ̃
|-
! Open
| colspan="3" | a~ä
|
| ɑ, ɑ̃
|
|-
|}
All vowels except for ɑ̃, ɵ̃ and ũ can be iotated.
==Allophony==
Aksish has an extensive system of consonant allophony, with full post-alveoral/retroflex, alveolo-palatal, post-palatal and uvular series. The table below shows allophonical variations of all consonants in all possible contexts:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Letter
! rowspan="2" | Normal/other context
! colspan="2" | Palatal context
! rowspan="2" | Uvular/phar. context
|-
! Before iotated vowels
! Before other palatals
|-
| б/b
| b
| bʲ
| colspan="2" | b
|-
| ц/c
| t͡s
| t͡sʲ
| colspan="2" | t͡s
|-
| ҵ/dz
| d͡z
| d͡zʲ
| colspan="2" | d͡z
|-
| џ/č
| t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
| t͡ʂʲ ~ t͡ɕ
| colspan="2" | t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
|-
| ҹ/dž
| d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
| d͡ʐʲ~d͡ʑ
| colspan="2" | d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
|-
| ч/ć
| t͡ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ/dź
| d͡ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | d͡ʑ
|-
| д/d
| d
| ȡ
| d̠ ~ ɖ
| d
|-
| ф/f
| f
| fʲ
| colspan="2" | f
|-
| г/g
| ɡ
| ɟ˗ʲ
| ɟ˗
| g˗ ~ ɢ̟
|-
| ѓ/ǵ
| ɢ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗ʲ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗
| -
|-
| ґ/ğ
| ʕ
| ʕɒj
| ʕɒ
| -
|-
| х/x
| x
| ç˗ʲ
| ç˗
| x̠ ~ χ˖
|-
| һ/h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| χ͢ç˗ʲ ~ ħɒj ~ ʜɒj ~ hɒj
| χ͢ç˗~ ħɒ ~ ʜɒ ~ hɒ
| -
|-
| ћ/ħ
| q͡χ˖
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗ʲ
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗
| -
|-
| й/j
| j
| -
| j (_ɲ), j˖ (_[+alveolo-palatal])
| j
|-
| к/k
| k
| c̠ʲ
| c̠
| k̠ ~ q˖
|-
| ќ/ḱ/q
| q
| q͢ç˗ʲ
| q͢ç˗
| -
|-
| л/l
| l
| ȴ
| l̠ ~ ɭ
|-
| љ/ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
| ʎ̠ʲ
| ʎ̠
| lʶ ~ ʟ̠
|-
| ԯ/ł
| w
| ẅʲ
| ẅ
| w̠ ~ χ˕˖ʷ
|-
| м/m
| m, ɱ (_[+labiodental])
| mʲ
| colspan="2" | m
|-
| н/n
| n, ɱ (_[+labiodental]), ŋ (_[+velar])
| colspan="2" | -
| ɴ
|-
| њ/ń
| colspan="2" | ɲ
| ȵ
| ɲ
|-
| п/p
| p
| pʲ
| colspan="2" | p
|-
| р/r
| r ~ ɾ
| r̠ʲ ~ ɟ̆˖
| r̠ ~ ɾ̠ ~ ɽ ~ ɽr
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с/s
| s
| sʲ
| colspan="2" | s
|-
| ш/š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
| ʂʲ ~ ɕ
| colspan="2" | ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ/ś
| ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | ɕ
|-
| т/t
| t
| ȶ
| t̠
| t
|-
| в/v
| v
| vʲ
| colspan="2" | v
|-
| з/z
| z
| zʲ
| colspan="2" | z
|-
| ж/ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
| ʐʲ ~ ʑ
| colspan="2" | ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ/ź
| ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | ʑ
|-
|}
==Orthography==
Aksish uses two different scripts interchangeably - [[w:Latin script|Latin]] and [[w:Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]. While in the past 55 years Cyrillic has been consistently more used, Latin script is used more and more every year. Even in the earliest years of existence of Aksish some people wanted to use Latin script instead of Cyrillic, because Cyrillic script reminded them of Russians and their occupation of Sleepy Aks. Thus, in 1981 Latin was recognised as a valid script for writing in Aksish and now all documents have to be released written both in Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Currently, Aksish is starting to drift away from Cyrillic for a number of reasons, such as the [[w:Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russo-Ukrainian war]] and an overall bad opinion on Russians and their culture (and so, by extension, their alphabet) as a whole.
Latin Aksish alphabet differs quite heavily from Aksish Cyrillic alphabet, mainly with the number of letters (Latin has 48 while Cyrillic has 65), but also with the qlphabet order. Below is a table summarizing every Cyrillic character, each with a corresponding Latin character or digraph and precisely transcribed (i.e. put in square brackets) pronounciation.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Cyrillic
! Latin
! Pronounciation
|-
| а
| a
| a ~ ä
|-
| ӑ
| ă
| ɑ ~ ʌ̞
|-
| ӓ
| ą
| ɑ̃ ~ ʌ̞̃
|-
| ѩ/ꙗ
| ja
| ʲa ~ ʲä
|-
| ѭ/ꙗ̆
| jă
| ʲɑ ~ ʲʌ̞
|-
| б
| b
| b
|-
| ц
| c
| t͡s
|-
| ҵ
| dz
| d͡z
|-
| џ
| č
| t͡ʃ ~ t͡ʂ
|-
| ҹ
| dž
| d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʐ
|-
| ч
| ć
| t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ
| dž
| d͡ʑ
|-
| д
| d
| d
|-
| е
| e
| ɛ
|-
| ё
| ę
| ɛ̃
|-
| е̄
| je
| ʲɛ
|-
| ӗ
| ję
| ʲɛ̃
|-
| є
| é
| e
|-
| ѥ
| jé
| ʲe
|-
| э
| è
| ɜ ~ ə
|-
| э̄
| jè
| ʲɜ ~ ʲə
|-
| ф
| f
| f
|-
| г
| g
| ɡ
|-
| ѓ
| ǵ
| ɢ
|-
| ґ
| ğ
| ʕ
|-
| х
| x
| x
|-
| һ
| h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
|-
| ћ
| ħ
| q͡χ˖
|-
| и
| i
| i
|-
| ӣ
| ji
| ʲi
|-
| й
| j
| j
|-
| к
| k
| k
|-
| ќ
| ḱ/q
| q
|-
| л
| l
| l
|-
| љ
| ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
|-
| ԯ
| ł
| w
|-
| м
| m
| m
|-
| н
| n
| n
|-
| њ
| ń
| ɲ
|-
| о
| o
| ɔ
|-
| ӧ
| ǫ
| ɔ̃
|-
| ю
| jo
| ʲɔ
|-
| ю̈
| jǫ
| ʲɔ̃
|-
| ө
| ó
| ɤ
|-
| ө̄
| jó
| ʲɤ
|-
| п
| p
| p
|-
| р
| r
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с
| s
| s
|-
| ш
| š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ
| ś
| ɕ
|-
| т
| t
| t
|-
| у
| u
| u
|-
| ӱ
| ų
| ũ
|-
| ӯ
| ju
| ʲu
|-
| ү
| ú
| ɵ
|-
| ү̈
| ų́
| ɵ̃
|-
| ү̄
| jú
| ʲɵ
|-
| ұ
| ù
| ʉ
|-
| ұ̄
| jù
| ʲʉ
|-
| (у́)
| ý
| y
|-
| (ў)
| jý
| ʲy
|-
| в
| v
| v
|-
| ы
| y
| ᵻ
|-
| ы̄
| jy
| ʲᵻ
|-
| з
| z
| z
|-
| ж
| ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ
| ź
| ʑ
|-
|}
==Grammar==
{{main|Aksish grammar}}
Aksish is a highly fusional, pro-drop language. It makes extensive use of both declensional and lexical affixes (with declensional being mostly suffixes and lexical nearly exclusively prefixes).

Nouns declense for 2 number and 9 cases. While both numbers and 7 of the 9 cases were inherited from Slavic languages, ablative and allative cases come from Old Aksish and work based on Old Aksish' principles, making them seem completely unpredictable, especially when the word root ends in a vowel.

Verbs differentiate between imperfective and perfective aspects, with either of them always being an inalienable property of a verb. Verbs also conjugate for 5 moods, 4 tenses, 2 numbers, 3 persons and 5 genders. Aside pluperfect tense, whcich was inherited from Old Aksish (Polish does have pluperfect tense, but it is and was at the time of Aksish' forming already largely archaic), and optative and precative moods, which split from Polish' subjunctive mood, all forms have been inherited from Slavic languages (with most coming from Polish). Additionally, Aksish verbs have a complex system of gerunds and participles inherited from Polish.

Adjectives fully agree with nouns they describe, but additionally declense for gender. Adjectives (and adjective-derived adverbs) also have three degrees of comparativity.

Aksish

2025-08-02T05:46:06Z

SleepyAks:

'''Aksish''' ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæ.ksɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|A-ksish]], also [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæk.sɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|AK-sish]] is a [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]] language mainly descended from Polish, with strong influence of [[w:Russian language|Russian]] and weaker influence of [[Aksish languages]]. It is spoken by Aksians in Sleepy Aks.
{{Infobox language
|name = Aksish
|nativename = Аксөй/Aksój
|pronunciation = ˈäksɤj
|pronunciation_key = IPA for Aksish
|states = Sleepy Aks
|setting = Alternative history, Sleepy Aks
|region = [[w:Polynesia|Polynesia]]
|speakers = 22,000,000
|date = 2021
|created = ????
|familycolor = Indo-European
|fam2 = [[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
|fam3 = [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]]
|fam4 = [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]]
|fam5 = [[w:Lechitic languages|Lechitic]]
|fam6 = [[w:Polish language|Polish]]
|creator = User:SleepyAks
|script1 = Cyrl
|script2 = Latn
|agency = Aksish Language Council (Справа Аксөйго Ӗзӱка/Sprava Aksójgo Jęzųka)
|notice = IPA
|ethnicity = Aksians
}}
==History==
Aksish is a result of prolonged [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet]] occupation. Most probably it first was created as a code. Aksians decided to rely on [[w:Polish language|Polish]] to blend in better (Polish was and still is a language widely used across the entire country), but coined their own words for strategically important terms ("надсаве̄ц/nadsavjec" - (military) victory, literally "above Soviets") and for terms fundamentally altered by the newly introduced to Sleepy Aks communism ("њимой/ńimoj" - property, literally "not mine"). These words after the war slowly lost their negative connotation and displaced Polish-derived words, altering their meaning or voiding them completely. Aksians soon saw the newly-created language as a way to stay not understood by anyone - it was similar enough to Polish, that Aksish could be learnt and taught rather easily, yet different enough, that the two are mutually unitelligible to a significant degree. Aksians brought in to Aksish a few vowels of [[Old Aksish]] origin and started adding words on a mass scale (mostly taking them from Polish and Russian for unclear reasons). This resulted in the language being a completely unstandardized mess. In the spite of that Aksish was continuing to develop and crystalise, it became a language in its own right somewhere in 1970 or 1971.
==Phonology==
{{main|Aksish phonology}}
Aksish has an abnormally high for Slavic languages number of vowels (12) and slightly more consonants than other Slavic languages (34). It additionally has a complex system of allophony, with full series of post-alveorals/retroflexes and alveolo-palatals.
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="4" | Labial
! colspan="5" | Coronal
! colspan="6" | Dorsal
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Laryngeal
|-
! colspan="2" | Bilabial
! colspan="2" | Labiodental
! colspan="2" | Alveoral
! colspan="2" | Post-Alveoral/ Retroflex
! colspan="2" | Alv.-pal.
! Palatal
! colspan="2" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Uvular
|-
! colspan="3" | Nasal
|
| m
|
|
|
| n
|
|
|
|
| ɲ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Plosive
| p
| b
|
|
| t
| d
|
|
|
|
|
| k
| ɡ
| q
| ɢ
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Affricate
|
|
|
|
| t͡s
| d͡z
| t͡ʂ
| d͡ʐ
| t͡ɕ
| d͡ʑ
|
|
|
| q͡χ˖
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Fricative
|
|
| f
| v
| s
| z
| ʂ
| ʐ
| ɕ
| ʑ
|
| x
|
| colspan="3" | χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| ʕ
|-
! colspan="3" | Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| j
|
| w
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Trill/Flap
|
|
|
|
|
| r ~ ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Lateral
|
|
|
|
|
| l
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ɫ~ʟ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!
! colspan="2" | Front
! colspan="2" | Central
! colspan="2" | Back
|-
! Close
| i
| (y)
|
| ʉ
|
| u, ũ
|-
! Near-close
|
|
| ᵻ
|
|
|
|-
! Close-mid
| e
|
|
| ɵ, ɵ̃
| ɤ
|
|-
! Mid
|
|
| rowspan="2" | ɜ~ə
|
|
|
|-
! Open-mid
| ɛ, ɛ̃
|
|
|
| ɔ, ɔ̃
|-
! Open
| colspan="3" | a~ä
|
| ɑ, ɑ̃
|
|-
|}
All vowels except for ɑ̃, ɵ̃ and ũ can be iotated.
==Allophony==
Aksish has an extensive system of consonant allophony, with full post-alveoral/retroflex, alveolo-palatal, post-palatal and uvular series. The table below shows allophonical variations of all consonants in all possible contexts:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Letter
! rowspan="2" | Normal/other context
! colspan="2" | Palatal context
! rowspan="2" | Uvular/phar. context
|-
! Before iotated vowels
! Before other palatals
|-
| б/b
| b
| bʲ
| colspan="2" | b
|-
| ц/c
| t͡s
| t͡sʲ
| colspan="2" | t͡s
|-
| ҵ/dz
| d͡z
| d͡zʲ
| colspan="2" | d͡z
|-
| џ/č
| t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
| t͡ʂʲ ~ t͡ɕ
| colspan="2" | t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
|-
| ҹ/dž
| d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
| d͡ʐʲ~d͡ʑ
| colspan="2" | d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
|-
| ч/ć
| t͡ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ/dź
| d͡ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | d͡ʑ
|-
| д/d
| d
| ȡ
| d̠ ~ ɖ
| d
|-
| ф/f
| f
| fʲ
| colspan="2" | f
|-
| г/g
| ɡ
| ɟ˗ʲ
| ɟ˗
| g˗ ~ ɢ̟
|-
| ѓ/ǵ
| ɢ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗ʲ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗
| -
|-
| ґ/ğ
| ʕ
| ʕɒj
| ʕɒ
| -
|-
| х/x
| x
| ç˗ʲ
| ç˗
| x̠ ~ χ˖
|-
| һ/h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| χ͢ç˗ʲ ~ ħɒj ~ ʜɒj ~ hɒj
| χ͢ç˗~ ħɒ ~ ʜɒ ~ hɒ
| -
|-
| ћ/ħ
| q͡χ˖
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗ʲ
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗
| -
|-
| й/j
| j
| -
| j (_ɲ), j˖ (_[+alveolo-palatal])
| j
|-
| к/k
| k
| c̠ʲ
| c̠
| k̠ ~ q˖
|-
| ќ/ḱ/q
| q
| q͢ç˗ʲ
| q͢ç˗
| -
|-
| л/l
| l
| ȴ
| l̠ ~ ɭ
|-
| љ/ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
| ʎ̠ʲ
| ʎ̠
| lʶ ~ ʟ̠
|-
| ԯ/ł
| w
| ẅʲ
| ẅ
| w̠ ~ χ˕˖ʷ
|-
| м/m
| m, ɱ (_[+labiodental])
| mʲ
| colspan="2" | m
|-
| н/n
| n, ɱ (_[+labiodental]), ŋ (_[+velar])
| colspan="2" | -
| ɴ
|-
| њ/ń
| colspan="2" | ɲ
| ȵ
| ɲ
|-
| п/p
| p
| pʲ
| colspan="2" | p
|-
| р/r
| r ~ ɾ
| r̠ʲ ~ ɟ̆˖
| r̠ ~ ɾ̠ ~ ɽ ~ ɽr
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с/s
| s
| sʲ
| colspan="2" | s
|-
| ш/š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
| ʂʲ ~ ɕ
| colspan="2" | ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ/ś
| ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | ɕ
|-
| т/t
| t
| ȶ
| t̠
| t
|-
| в/v
| v
| vʲ
| colspan="2" | v
|-
| з/z
| z
| zʲ
| colspan="2" | z
|-
| ж/ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
| ʐʲ ~ ʑ
| colspan="2" | ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ/ź
| ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | ʑ
|-
|}
==Orthography==
Aksish uses two different scripts interchangeably - [[w:Latin script|Latin]] and [[w:Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]. While in the past 55 years Cyrillic has been consistently more used, Latin script is used more and more every year. Even in the earliest years of existence of Aksish some people wanted to use Latin script instead of Cyrillic, because Cyrillic script reminded them of Russians and their occupation of Sleepy Aks. Thus, in 1981 Latin was recognised as a valid script for writing in Aksish and now all documents have to be released written both in Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Currently, Aksish is starting to drift away from Cyrillic for a number of reasons, such as the [[w:Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russo-Ukrainian war]] and an overall bad opinion on Russians and their culture (and so, by extension, their alphabet) as a whole.
Latin Aksish alphabet differs quite heavily from Aksish Cyrillic alphabet, mainly with the number of letters (Latin has 48 while Cyrillic has 65), but also with the qlphabet order. Below is a table summarizing every Cyrillic character, each with a corresponding Latin character or digraph and precisely transcribed (i.e. put in square brackets) pronounciation.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Cyrillic
! Latin
! Pronounciation
|-
| а
| a
| a ~ ä
|-
| ӑ
| ă
| ɑ ~ ʌ̞
|-
| ӓ
| ą
| ɑ̃ ~ ʌ̞̃
|-
| ѩ/ꙗ
| ja
| ʲa ~ ʲä
|-
| ѭ/ꙗ̆
| jă
| ʲɑ ~ ʲʌ̞
|-
| б
| b
| b
|-
| ц
| c
| t͡s
|-
| ҵ
| dz
| d͡z
|-
| џ
| č
| t͡ʃ ~ t͡ʂ
|-
| ҹ
| dž
| d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʐ
|-
| ч
| ć
| t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ
| dž
| d͡ʑ
|-
| д
| d
| d
|-
| е
| e
| ɛ
|-
| ё
| ę
| ɛ̃
|-
| е̄
| je
| ʲɛ
|-
| ӗ
| ję
| ʲɛ̃
|-
| є
| é
| e
|-
| ѥ
| jé
| ʲe
|-
| э
| è
| ɜ ~ ə
|-
| э̄
| jè
| ʲɜ ~ ʲə
|-
| ф
| f
| f
|-
| г
| g
| ɡ
|-
| ѓ
| ǵ
| ɢ
|-
| ґ
| ğ
| ʕ
|-
| х
| x
| x
|-
| һ
| h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
|-
| ћ
| ħ
| q͡χ˖
|-
| и
| i
| i
|-
| ӣ
| ji
| ʲi
|-
| й
| j
| j
|-
| к
| k
| k
|-
| ќ
| ḱ/q
| q
|-
| л
| l
| l
|-
| љ
| ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
|-
| ԯ
| ł
| w
|-
| м
| m
| m
|-
| н
| n
| n
|-
| њ
| ń
| ɲ
|-
| о
| o
| ɔ
|-
| ӧ
| ǫ
| ɔ̃
|-
| ю
| jo
| ʲɔ
|-
| ю̈
| jǫ
| ʲɔ̃
|-
| ө
| ó
| ɤ
|-
| ө̄
| jó
| ʲɤ
|-
| п
| p
| p
|-
| р
| r
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с
| s
| s
|-
| ш
| š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ
| ś
| ɕ
|-
| т
| t
| t
|-
| у
| u
| u
|-
| ӱ
| ų
| ũ
|-
| ӯ
| ju
| ʲu
|-
| ү
| ú
| ɵ
|-
| ү̈
| ų́
| ɵ̃
|-
| ү̄
| jú
| ʲɵ
|-
| ұ
| ù
| ʉ
|-
| ұ̄
| jù
| ʲʉ
|-
| (у́)
| ý
| y
|-
| (ў)
| jý
| ʲy
|-
| в
| v
| v
|-
| ы
| y
| ᵻ
|-
| ы̄
| jy
| ʲᵻ
|-
| з
| z
| z
|-
| ж
| ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ
| ź
| ʑ
|-
|}
==Grammar==
{{main|Aksish grammar}}
Aksish is a highly fusional, pro-drop language. It makes extensive use of both declensional and lexical affixes (with declensional being mostly suffixes and lexical nearly exclusively prefixes).

Nouns declense for 2 number and 9 cases. While both numbers and 7 of the 9 cases were inherited from Slavic languages, ablative and allative cases come from Old Aksish and work based on Old Aksish' principles, making them seem completely unpredictable, especially when the word root ends in a vowel.

Verbs differentiate between imperfective and perfective aspects, with either of them always being an inalienable property of a verb. Verbs also conjugate for 5 moods, 4 tenses, 2 numbers, 3 persons and 5 genders. Aside pluperfect tense, whcich was inherited from Old Aksish (Polish does have pluperfect tense, but it is and was at the time of Aksish' forming already largely archaic), and optative and precative moods, which split from Polish' subjunctive mood, all forms have been inherited from Slavic languages (with most coming from Polish). Additionally, Aksish verbs have a complex system of gerunds and participles inherited from Polish.

Adjectives fully agree with nouns they describe, but additionally declense for gender. Adjectives (and adjective-derived adverbs) also have three degrees of comparativity.

Aksish

2025-08-02T05:34:08Z

SleepyAks: Created page with "'''Aksish''' (/ˈæ.ksɪʃ/ A-ksish, also /ˈæk.sɪʃ/ AK-sish is a West Slavic language mainly descended from Polish, with strong influence of Russian and weaker influence of Aksish languages. It is spoken by Aksians in Sleepy Aks. {{Infobox language |name = Aksish |nativename ..."

'''Aksish''' ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæ.ksɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|A-ksish]], also [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈæk.sɪʃ/]] [[w:Help:Pronounciation respelling key|AK-sish]] is a [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]] language mainly descended from Polish, with strong influence of [[w:Russian language|Russian]] and weaker influence of [[Aksish languages]]. It is spoken by Aksians in Sleepy Aks.
{{Infobox language
|name = Aksish
|nativename = Аксөй/Aksój
|pronunciation = ˈäksɤj
|pronunciation_key = IPA for Aksish
|states = Sleepy Aks
|setting = Alternative history, Sleepy Aks
|region = [[w:Polynesia|Polynesia]]
|speakers = 22,000,000
|date = 2021
|created = ????
|familycolor = Indo-European
|fam2 = [[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
|fam3 = [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]]
|fam4 = [[w:West Slavic languages|West Slavic]]
|fam5 = [[w:Lechitic languages|Lechitic]]
|fam6 = [[w:Polish language|Polish]]
|creator = User:SleepyAks
|script1 = Cyrl
|script2 = Latn
|agency = Aksish Language Council (Справа Аксөйго Ӗзӱка/Sprava Aksójgo Jęzųka)
|notice = IPA
|ethnicity = Aksians
}}
==History==
Aksish is a result of prolonged [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet]] occupation. Most probably it first was created as a code. Aksians decided to rely on [[w:Polish language|Polish]] to blend in better (Polish was and still is a language widely used across the entire country), but coined their own words for strategically important terms ("надсаве̄ц/nadsavjec" - (military) victory, literally "above Soviets") and for terms fundamentally altered by the newly introduced to Sleepy Aks communism ("њимой/ńimoj" - property, literally "not mine"). These words after the war slowly lost their negative connotation and displaced Polish-derived words, altering their meaning or voiding them completely. Aksians soon saw the newly-created language as a way to stay not understood by anyone - it was similar enough to Polish, that Aksish could be learnt and taught rather easily, yet different enough, that the two are mutually unitelligible to a significant degree. Aksians brought in to Aksish a few vowels of [[Old Aksish]] origin and started adding words on a mass scale (mostly taking them from Polish and Russian for unclear reasons). This resulted in the language being a completely unstandardized mess. In the spite of that Aksish was continuing to develop and crystalise, it became a language in its own right somewhere in 1970 or 1971.
==Phonology==
{{main|Aksish phonology}}
Aksish has an abnormally high for Slavic languages number of vowels (12) and slightly more consonants than other Slavic languages (34). It additionally has a complex system of allophony, with full series of post-alveorals/retroflexes and alveolo-palatals.
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="4" | Labial
! colspan="5" | Coronal
! colspan="6" | Dorsal
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Laryngeal
|-
! colspan="2" | Bilabial
! colspan="2" | Labiodental
! colspan="2" | Alveoral
! colspan="2" | Post-Alveoral/ Retroflex
! colspan="2" | Alv.-pal.
! Palatal
! colspan="2" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Uvular
|-
! colspan="3" | Nasal
|
| m
|
|
|
| n
|
|
|
|
| ɲ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Plosive
| p
| b
|
|
| t
| d
|
|
|
|
|
| k
| ɡ
| q
| ɢ
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Affricate
|
|
|
|
| t͡s
| d͡z
| t͡ʂ
| d͡ʐ
| t͡ɕ
| d͡ʑ
|
|
|
| q͡χ˖
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Fricative
|
|
| f
| v
| s
| z
| ʂ
| ʐ
| ɕ
| ʑ
|
| x
|
| colspan="3" | χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| ʕ
|-
! colspan="3" | Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| j
|
| w
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Trill/Flap
|
|
|
|
|
| r ~ ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | Lateral
|
|
|
|
|
| l
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ɫ~ʟ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!
! colspan="2" | Front
! colspan="2" | Central
! colspan="2" | Back
|-
! Close
| i
| (y)
|
| ʉ
|
| u, ũ
|-
! Near-close
|
|
| ᵻ
|
|
|
|-
! Close-mid
| e
|
|
| ɵ, ɵ̃
| ɤ
|
|-
! Mid
|
|
| rowspan="2" | ɜ~ə
|
|
|
|-
! Open-mid
| ɛ, ɛ̃
|
|
|
| ɔ, ɔ̃
|-
! Open
| colspan="3" | a~ä
|
| ɑ, ɑ̃
|
|-
|}
All vowels except for ɑ̃, ɵ̃ and ũ can be iotated.
==Allophony==
Aksish has an extensive system of consonant allophony, with full post-alveoral/retroflex, alveolo-palatal, post-palatal and uvular series. The table below shows allophonical variations of all consonants in all possible contexts:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Letter
! rowspan="2" | Normal/other context
! colspan="2" | Palatal context
! rowspan="2" | Uvular/phar. context
|-
! Before iotated vowels
! Before other palatals
|-
| б/b
| b
| bʲ
| colspan="2" | b
|-
| ц/c
| t͡s
| t͡sʲ
| colspan="2" | t͡s
|-
| ҵ/dz
| d͡z
| d͡zʲ
| colspan="2" | d͡z
|-
| џ/č
| t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
| t͡ʂʲ ~ t͡ɕ
| colspan="2" | t͡ʂ ~ t͡ʃ
|-
| ҹ/dž
| d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
| d͡ʐʲ~d͡ʑ
| colspan="2" | d͡ʐ~d͡ʒ
|-
| ч/ć
| t͡ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ/dź
| d͡ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | d͡ʑ
|-
| д/d
| d
| ȡ
| d̠ ~ ɖ
| d
|-
| ф/f
| f
| fʲ
| colspan="2" | f
|-
| г/g
| ɡ
| ɟ˗ʲ
| ɟ˗
| g˗ ~ ɢ̟
|-
| ѓ/ǵ
| ɢ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗ʲ
| ɢ͢ɟ˗
| -
|-
| ґ/ğ
| ʕ
| ʕɒj
| ʕɒ
| -
|-
| х/x
| x
| ç˗ʲ
| ç˗
| x̠ ~ χ˖
|-
| һ/h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
| χ͢ç˗ʲ ~ ħɒj ~ ʜɒj ~ hɒj
| χ͢ç˗~ ħɒ ~ ʜɒ ~ hɒ
| -
|-
| ћ/ħ
| q͡χ˖
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗ʲ
| q͡χ˖͢c͡ç˗
| -
|-
| й/j
| j
| -
| j (_ɲ), j˖ (_[+alveolo-palatal])
| j
|-
| к/k
| k
| c̠ʲ
| c̠
| k̠ ~ q˖
|-
| ќ/ḱ/q
| q
| q͢ç˗ʲ
| q͢ç˗
| -
|-
| л/l
| l
| ȴ
| l̠ ~ ɭ
|-
| љ/ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
| ʎ̠ʲ
| ʎ̠
| lʶ ~ ʟ̠
|-
| ԯ/ł
| w
| ẅʲ
| ẅ
| w̠ ~ χ˕˖ʷ
|-
| м/m
| m, ɱ (_[+labiodental])
| mʲ
| colspan="2" | m
|-
| н/n
| n, ɱ (_[+labiodental]), ŋ (_[+velar])
| colspan="2" | -
| ɴ
|-
| њ/ń
| colspan="2" | ɲ
| ȵ
| ɲ
|-
| п/p
| p
| pʲ
| colspan="2" | p
|-
| р/r
| r ~ ɾ
| r̠ʲ ~ ɟ̆˖
| r̠ ~ ɾ̠ ~ ɽ ~ ɽr
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с/s
| s
| sʲ
| colspan="2" | s
|-
| ш/š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
| ʂʲ ~ ɕ
| colspan="2" | ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ/ś
| ɕ
| -
| colspan="2" | ɕ
|-
| т/t
| t
| ȶ
| t̠
| t
|-
| в/v
| v
| vʲ
| colspan="2" | v
|-
| з/z
| z
| zʲ
| colspan="2" | z
|-
| ж/ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
| ʐʲ ~ ʑ
| colspan="2" | ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ/ź
| ʑ
| -
| colspan="2" | ʑ
|-
|}
==Orthography==
Aksish uses two different scripts interchangeably - [[w:Latin script|Latin]] and [[w:Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]. While in the past 55 years Cyrillic has been consistently more used, Latin script is used more and more every year. Even in the earliest years of existence of Aksish some people wanted to use Latin script instead of Cyrillic, because Cyrillic script reminded them of Russians and their occupation of Sleepy Aks. Thus, in 1981 Latin was recognised as a valid script for writing in Aksish and now all documents have to be released written both in Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Currently, Aksish is starting to drift away from Cyrillic for a number of reasons, such as the [[w:Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russo-Ukrainian war]] and an overall bad opinion on Russians and their culture (and so, by extension, their alphabet) as a whole.
Latin Aksish alphabet differs quite heavily from Aksish Cyrillic alphabet, mainly with the number of letters (Latin has 48 while Cyrillic has 65), but also with the qlphabet order. Below is a table summarizing every Cyrillic character, each with a corresponding Latin character or digraph and precisely transcribed (i.e. put in square brackets) pronounciation.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Cyrillic
! Latin
! Pronounciation
|-
| а
| a
| a ~ ä
|-
| ӑ
| ă
| ɑ ~ ʌ̞
|-
| ӓ
| ą
| ɑ̃ ~ ʌ̞̃
|-
| ѩ/ꙗ
| ja
| ʲa ~ ʲä
|-
| ѭ/ꙗ̆
| jă
| ʲɑ ~ ʲʌ̞
|-
| б
| b
| b
|-
| ц
| c
| t͡s
|-
| ҵ
| dz
| d͡z
|-
| џ
| č
| t͡ʃ ~ t͡ʂ
|-
| ҹ
| dž
| d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʐ
|-
| ч
| ć
| t͡ɕ
|-
| ҷ
| dž
| d͡ʑ
|-
| д
| d
| d
|-
| е
| e
| ɛ
|-
| ё
| ę
| ɛ̃
|-
| е̄
| je
| ʲɛ
|-
| ӗ
| ję
| ʲɛ̃
|-
| є
| é
| e
|-
| ѥ
| jé
| ʲe
|-
| э
| è
| ɜ ~ ə
|-
| э̄
| jè
| ʲɜ ~ ʲə
|-
| ф
| f
| f
|-
| г
| g
| ɡ
|-
| ѓ
| ǵ
| ɢ
|-
| ґ
| ğ
| ʕ
|-
| х
| x
| x
|-
| һ
| h
| χ ~ ħ ~ ʜ ~ h
|-
| ћ
| ħ
| q͡χ˖
|-
| и
| i
| i
|-
| ӣ
| ji
| ʲi
|-
| й
| j
| j
|-
| к
| k
| k
|-
| ќ
| ḱ/q
| q
|-
| л
| l
| l
|-
| љ
| ĺ/ľ
| ɫ ~ ʟ
|-
| ԯ
| ł
| w
|-
| м
| m
| m
|-
| н
| n
| n
|-
| њ
| ń
| ɲ
|-
| о
| o
| ɔ
|-
| ӧ
| ǫ
| ɔ̃
|-
| ю
| jo
| ʲɔ
|-
| ю̈
| jǫ
| ʲɔ̃
|-
| ө
| ó
| ɤ
|-
| ө̄
| jó
| ʲɤ
|-
| п
| p
| p
|-
| р
| r
| r ~ ɾ
|-
| с
| s
| s
|-
| ш
| š
| ʂ ~ ʃ
|-
| ҫ
| ś
| ɕ
|-
| т
| t
| t
|-
| у
| u
| u
|-
| ӱ
| ų
| ũ
|-
| ӯ
| ju
| ʲu
|-
| ү
| ú
| ɵ
|-
| ү̈
| ų́
| ɵ̃
|-
| ү̄
| jú
| ʲɵ
|-
| ұ
| ù
| ʉ
|-
| ұ̄
| jù
| ʲʉ
|-
| (у́)
| ý
| y
|-
| (ў)
| jý
| ʲy
|-
| в
| v
| v
|-
| ы
| y
| ᵻ
|-
| ы̄
| jy
| ʲᵻ
|-
| з
| z
| z
|-
| ж
| ž
| ʐ ~ ʒ
|-
| ҙ
| ź
| ʑ
|-
|}
==Grammar==
{{main|Aksish grammar}}
Aksish is a highly fusional, pro-drop language. It makes extensive use of both declensional and lexical affixes (with declensional being mostly suffixes and lexical nearly exclusively prefixes).
===Noun===
Nouns declense for 2 number and 9 cases. While both numbers and 7 of the 9 cases were inherited from Slavic languages, ablative and allative cases come from Old Aksish and work based on Old Aksish' principles, making them seem completely unpredictable, especially when the word root ends in a vowel.

Verbs differentiate between imperfective and perfective aspects, with either of them always being an inalienable property of a verb. Verbs also conjugate for 5 moods, 4 tenses, 2 numbers, 3 persons and 5 genders. Aside pluperfect tense, whcich was inherited from Old Aksish (Polish does have pluperfect tense, but it is and was at the time of Aksish' forming already largely archaic), and optative and precative moods, which split from Polish' subjunctive mood, all forms have been inherited from Slavic languages (with most coming from Polish). Additionally, Aksish verbs have a complex system of gerunds and participles inherited from Polish.

Adjectives fully agree with nouns they describe, but additionally declense for gender. Adjectives (and adjective-derived adverbs) also have three degrees of comparativity.

Seventh Linguifex Relay

2025-07-08T23:26:09Z

SleepyAks: /* Seats */

{{Relay_navigation_sidebar}}

{{Relaynotice|deadline=20250609042000}}

The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is an ongoing conlang relay, a game of conlingual telephone, on Linguifex.

==Rules==
The game is similar to [[w:Chinese whispers|Chinese whispers]]. The procedure is simple: you will receive a conlang text, a ''whisper'' or ''torch'', from the previous ''seat'' with an interlinear/gloss which you are to translate into your own conlang and add information so that the next person can decipher it and make a new translation. You will have '''48''' hours from the time of having received the whisper to prepare a translation of it into your conlang, gloss it and then send it to the next person in the chain. You are free to include either a glossary and grammar notes or an interlinear (or both!). The choice is up to you, but it is always recommended to at least add an interlinear.

In the event that you fail to whisper within your allotted 48 hours, the turn will skip your seat and go to the next participant.

The relaymaster reserves the right to determine when a relay is to start; you can sign up freely until then. Everyone is welcome to partake, but for reasons of convenience, an account on Linguifex is required. Every person is restricted to one entry, but the choice of conlang is up to them. In the case that two people chose the same language, a first-come first-served basis will be adopted (unless, say, the language creator chooses to join in).

==Signup==
===Seats===

The final seat will be a retranslation into the source conlang, as well as the first translation into English. In conjunction, the original text will be published in English.
*'''Seat 0''' - [[User:Учхљёная|Учхљёная]], with '''[[Dãterške]]''' [[/Dãterške|✔️]]
*'''Seat 1''' - [[User:Dillon|Dillon]], with '''[[Soc'ul']]''' [[/Soc'ul'|✔️]]
*<s>'''Seat 2''' - [[User:Nicomega|Nicomega]], with '''[[Tulvan]]'''</s> 🔄
*<s>'''Seat 3''' - [[User:Samstag|Samstag]], with '''[[Azkali]]'''</s> ❌
*<s>'''Seat 4''' - [[User:Anyar|Anyar]], with '''[[Minhast]]'''</s> ❌
*<s>'''Seat 5''' - [[User:Val-Zho|Val-Zho]], with '''[[Kryptonian]]'''</s> ❌
*'''Seat 6''' - [[User:Lëtzelúcia|Lëtzelúcia]], with '''[[Luthic]]''' [[/Luthic|✔️]]
*'''Seat 7''' - [[User:Hazer|Hazer]], with '''[[Natalician]]''' [[/Natalician|✔️]]
*'''Seat 8''' - [[User:Helperman|Helperman]], with '''[[Cybertronian]]'''
*'''Seat 9''' - [[User:Lili21|Lili21]], with '''[[Dundulanyä]]'''
*'''Seat 10''' - [[User:Jukethatbox|Jukethatbox]] with '''[[Bemé]]'''
*'''Seat 11''' - [[User:Nicomega|Nicomega]], with '''[[Tulvan]]'''
*'''Seat 12''' - [[User:Saqvareli|Saqvareli]], with '''[[Azimasi]]'''
*'''Seat 13''' - [[User:SleepyAks|SleepyAks]], with '''[[Vonurustrusty]]'''
*'''Seat 14''' - [[User:Vrianne|Vrianne]], with '''[[Gothevian]]'''
*'''Final seat''' - Retranslation into the original language and English. The original text will be published in English as well.

==How-to==
Once you've received the conlang text with glosses and all, create a page using the button below:

<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
prefix={{FULLPAGENAME}}/
placeholder=Name of your language
</inputbox>

Translate and gloss the text into your conlang (try to include an interlinear gloss), and check the '''Seats''' list on this page: Take a look who's next after you and go to their talk page and create a new topic called "{{PAGENAME}}"; and link the page where you keep your translation.

[[Category:Relays]]

Contionary:ĵařy

2025-04-19T11:05:02Z

SleepyAks: /* Verb */

==Ğuntýɉõłit==
===Alternative forms===

===Etymology===

===Pronunciation===
[[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /ˈʝaʁy/

===Verb===
1. ''(to) be''

====Usage notes====
====Inflection====
{{Gtjl-verb-front|ĵa}}
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====

[[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words]]

Contionary:ĵařy

2025-04-19T11:02:08Z

SleepyAks: /* Pronunciation */

==Ğuntýɉõłit==
===Alternative forms===

===Etymology===

===Pronunciation===
[[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /ˈʝaʁy/

===Verb===
'''(to) be'''

# definition
#:''example usage of '''(to) be''' here''
#:: ''italicised translation here.''

====Usage notes====
====Inflection====
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====

[[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words]]

Contionary:ĵařy

2025-04-19T11:01:14Z

SleepyAks: Created page with "{{subst:User:Chrysophylax/Template:nous |1=Ğuntýɉõłit |2=(to) be |POS=Verb |IPA=ʝaʁy |POS2=verb }}"

==Ğuntýɉõłit==
===Alternative forms===

===Etymology===

===Pronunciation===
(''Ğuntýɉõłit'') [[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /ʝaʁy/
===Verb===
'''(to) be'''

# definition
#:''example usage of '''(to) be''' here''
#:: ''italicised translation here.''

====Usage notes====
====Inflection====
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====

[[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words]]

Contionary:jyvřy

2025-04-19T10:55:29Z

SleepyAks: /* Pronunciation */

==Ğuntýɉõłit==
===Alternative forms===

===Etymology===

===Pronunciation===
[[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /ˈjyⱱʁy/

===Verb===
1. ''(to) fly''

====Usage notes====
====Inflection====
{{Gtjl-verb-front|jyv}}
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====

[[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words]]

Template:Gtjl-verb-front

2024-11-11T20:24:00Z

SleepyAks:

{| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="10" style="background-color:#0054a8; width:60em;" | Conjugation of ''{{{1|WORD}}}-''
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:30em;" | Infinitive
| colspan="8" style="background-color:#006edb; text-align:left;" | '''{{{1|WORD}}}řy'''
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:25em" |
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past Perfect
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hesternal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Present
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hodiernal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Crastinal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future Perfect
|-
! rowspan="9" style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | Singular
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeʻeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ře
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğe
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeʻeř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóʻóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}řó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóʻóř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ři
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ği
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiʻiř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 2S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéʻéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńéṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}géɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻéĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéʻéɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em" | 2S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóʻóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}góɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻóĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóʻóɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 2S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiʻiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}giɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻiĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiʻiɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽʻẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źeǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽʻẽkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍʻṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źóǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍʻṍkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jik
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źiǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jikĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jiʻikĵ
|-
| colspan="10" | Dual, Trial, Paucal, Plural - Coming Soon™
|-
|}

Contionary:jyvřy

2024-11-11T20:22:32Z

SleepyAks: Created page with "==Ğuntýɉõłit== ===Alternative forms=== ===Etymology=== ===Pronunciation=== (''Ğuntýɉõłit'') IPA: /ˈjyⱱʁy/ ===Verb=== 1. ''(to) fly'' ====Usage notes==== ====Inflection==== {{Gtjl-verb-front|jyv}} ====Synonyms==== ====Derived terms==== ====Related terms==== Category:Contionary Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words"

==Ğuntýɉõłit==
===Alternative forms===

===Etymology===

===Pronunciation===
(''Ğuntýɉõłit'') [[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /ˈjyⱱʁy/
===Verb===
1. ''(to) fly''

====Usage notes====
====Inflection====
{{Gtjl-verb-front|jyv}}
====Synonyms====
====Derived terms====
====Related terms====

[[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit verbs]] [[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit words]]

Template:Gtjl-verb-front

2024-11-11T20:07:08Z

SleepyAks:

{| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="10" style="background-color:#0054a8; width:60em;" | Conjugation of {{{1|WORD}}}
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:30em;" | Infinitive
| colspan="8" style="background-color:#006edb; text-align:left;" | '''{{{1|WORD}}}řy'''
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:25em" |
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past Perfect
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hesternal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Present
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hodiernal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Crastinal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future Perfect
|-
! rowspan="9" style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | Singular
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeʻeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ře
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğe
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeʻeř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóʻóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}řó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóʻóř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ři
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ği
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiʻiř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 2S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéʻéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńéṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}géɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻéĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéʻéɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em" | 2S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóʻóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}góɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻóĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóʻóɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 2S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiʻiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}giɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻiĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiʻiɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽʻẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źeǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽʻẽkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍʻṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źóǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍʻṍkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jik
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źiǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jikĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jiʻikĵ
|-
| colspan="10" | Dual, Trial, Paucal, Plural - Coming Soon™
|-
|}

Template:Gtjl-verb-front

2024-11-11T20:01:49Z

SleepyAks: Created page with "{| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="10" style="background-color:#0054a8; width:60em;" | Conjugation of {{{1|WORD}}} |- ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:30em;" | Infinitive | colspan="8" style="background-color:#006edb; text-align:left;" | {{{1|WORD}}}řy |- ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:25em" | ! style="..."

{| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="more ▼" data-collapsetext="less ▲" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="10" style="background-color:#0054a8; width:60em;" | Conjugation of {{{1|WORD}}}
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:30em;" | Infinitive
| colspan="8" style="background-color:#006edb; text-align:left;" | {{{1|WORD}}}řy
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#006edb; width:25em" |
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past Perfect
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Past
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hesternal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Present
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Hodiernal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Crastinal
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future
! style="background-color:#006edb; width:15em;" | Future Perfect
|-
! rowspan="9" style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | Singular
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeʻeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ře
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğe
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeʻeř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóʻóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}řó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ğó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóʻóř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 1S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ři
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ği
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiğ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiř
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiʻiř
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em;" | 2S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéʻéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńégéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńéṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}géɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻé
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻéĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵéʻéɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300; width:15em" | 2S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóʻóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńógóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}góɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻó
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻóĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵóʻóɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 2S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiʻiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńigiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}giɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻi
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ṽeʻiĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiɉ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}gĵiʻiɉ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.HUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽʻẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńẽkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źeǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵeźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jẽʻẽkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.AN.NHUM
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍʻṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńṍkj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍk
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źóǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵóźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍkĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jṍʻṍkĵ
|-
! style="background-color:#00a300;" | 3S.INAN
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiʻikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńikj
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ńiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jik
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}źiǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}ĵiźǹ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jikĵ
| style="background-color:#00db00;" | {{{1|WORD}}}jiʻikĵ
|-
| colspan="10" | Dual, Trial, Paucal, Plural - Coming Soon™
|-
|}

Ğuntýɉõłit

2024-11-08T19:27:16Z

SleepyAks:

==Introduction==
This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that.

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 31 consonants.

{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Labial
! style="width: 4em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" | Palatal
! style="width: 4em;" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" | Uvular
! style="width: 4em;" | Other
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| n
| ɲ
|
| ɴ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Plosive
| p, b
| t, d
| c
| k, g
|
| ʡ
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
| tʃ, dʒ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| ɸ, β
| ʃ, ʒ
| ç, ʝ
| x, ɣ
| ʁ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Approximant
| ʋ
|
| j
|
| ʀ
| ʍ, ɥ
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| ⱱ
| l, ɺ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

===Vowels===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 13 oral vowels and 5 nasal vowels.

====Oral vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
| i, y
| ʏ, ʊ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| e, ɛ, œ
| ə
| ɤ
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| æ, a
| ɐ
| ɑ
|-
|}

====Nasal vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
|
| ʊ̃
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| ẽ, œ̃
|
| ɤ̃
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| ã
|
|
|-
|}

===Stress===
Stress in Ğuntýɉõłit is antepenultimate except for intransitive verbs, in which it is ultimate.

===Phonotactics===
All consonant clusters except geminations are permissible. Vowel clusters are not allowed - if after either merging two words or affixing two vowels end up next to one another, <w> is put in between the vowels, except if either of them is a nasal vowel; in this case, <ɉ> is used.

==Orthography==
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Letter
| A
| Ã
| Æ
| É
| Ó
| Ṍ
| E
| Ẽ
| I
| Y
| Ý
| À
| È
| U
| Ũ
| Á
| O
| Õ
| M
| P
| B
| F
| Ƀ
| Ṽ
| V
| N
| T
| D
| Ś
| Ź
| Š
| Ž
| L
| Ł
| Ń
| C
| Ç
| Ĵ
| J
| K
| G
| H
| Ğ
| Ǹ
| Ř
| R
| ʻ
| W
| Ɉ
|-
! IPA
| a
| ã
| æ
| ɛ
| œ
| œ̃
| e
| ẽ
| i
| y
| ʏ
| ɐ
| ə
| ʊ
| ʊ̃
| ɑ
| ɤ
| ɤ̃
| m
| p
| b
| ɸ
| β
| ʋ
| ⱱ
| n
| t
| d
| tʃ
| dʒ
| ʃ
| ʒ
| l
| ɺ
| ɲ
| c
| ç
| ʝ
| j
| k
| ɡ
| x
| ɣ
| ɴ
| ʁ
| ʀ
| ʡ
| ʍ
| ɥ
|-
|}

==Morphology==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===

==Example texts==
==Other resources==

[[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Ğuntýɉõłit

2024-11-08T19:25:56Z

SleepyAks: /* Consonants */

==Introduction==
This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that.

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 31 consonants.

{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Bilabial
! style="width: 4em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" | Palatal
! style="width: 4em;" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" | Uvular
! style="width: 4em;" | Other
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| n
| ɲ
|
| ɴ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Plosive
| p, b
| t, d
| c
| k, g
|
| ʡ
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
| tʃ, dʒ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| ɸ, β
| ʃ, ʒ
| ç, ʝ
| x, ɣ
| ʁ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Approximant
| ʋ
|
| j
|
| ʀ
| ʍ, ɥ
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| ⱱ
| l, ɺ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

===Vowels===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 13 oral vowels and 5 nasal vowels.

====Oral vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
| i, y
| ʏ, ʊ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| e, ɛ, œ
| ə
| ɤ
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| æ, a
| ɐ
| ɑ
|-
|}

====Nasal vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
|
| ʊ̃
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| ẽ, œ̃
|
| ɤ̃
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| ã
|
|
|-
|}

===Stress===
Stress in Ğuntýɉõłit is antepenultimate except for intransitive verbs, in which it is ultimate.

===Phonotactics===
All consonant clusters except geminations are permissible. Vowel clusters are not allowed - if after either merging two words or affixing two vowels end up next to one another, <w> is put in between the vowels, except if either of them is a nasal vowel; in this case, <ɉ> is used.

==Orthography==
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Letter
| A
| Ã
| Æ
| É
| Ó
| Ṍ
| E
| Ẽ
| I
| Y
| Ý
| À
| È
| U
| Ũ
| Á
| O
| Õ
| M
| P
| B
| F
| Ƀ
| Ṽ
| V
| N
| T
| D
| Ś
| Ź
| Š
| Ž
| L
| Ł
| Ń
| C
| Ç
| Ĵ
| J
| K
| G
| H
| Ğ
| Ǹ
| Ř
| R
| ʻ
| W
| Ɉ
|-
! IPA
| a
| ã
| æ
| ɛ
| œ
| œ̃
| e
| ẽ
| i
| y
| ʏ
| ɐ
| ə
| ʊ
| ʊ̃
| ɑ
| ɤ
| ɤ̃
| m
| p
| b
| ɸ
| β
| ʋ
| ⱱ
| n
| t
| d
| tʃ
| dʒ
| ʃ
| ʒ
| l
| ɺ
| ɲ
| c
| ç
| ʝ
| j
| k
| ɡ
| x
| ɣ
| ɴ
| ʁ
| ʀ
| ʡ
| ʍ
| ɥ
|-
|}

==Morphology==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===

==Example texts==
==Other resources==

[[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Ğuntýɉõłit

2024-11-08T19:22:22Z

SleepyAks: /* Orthography */

==Introduction==
This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that.

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 30 consonants.

{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Bilabial
! style="width: 4em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" | Palatal
! style="width: 4em;" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" | Uvular
! style="width: 4em;" | Other
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| n
| ɲ
|
| ɴ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Plosive
| p, b
| t, d
| c
| k, g
|
| ʡ
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
| tʃ, dʒ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| ɸ, β
| ʃ, ʒ
| ç, ʝ
| x, ɣ
| ʁ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Approximant
| ʋ
|
| j
|
|
| ʍ, ɥ
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| ⱱ
| l, ɺ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

===Vowels===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 13 oral vowels and 5 nasal vowels.

====Oral vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
| i, y
| ʏ, ʊ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| e, ɛ, œ
| ə
| ɤ
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| æ, a
| ɐ
| ɑ
|-
|}

====Nasal vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
|
| ʊ̃
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| ẽ, œ̃
|
| ɤ̃
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| ã
|
|
|-
|}

===Stress===
Stress in Ğuntýɉõłit is antepenultimate except for intransitive verbs, in which it is ultimate.

===Phonotactics===
All consonant clusters except geminations are permissible. Vowel clusters are not allowed - if after either merging two words or affixing two vowels end up next to one another, <w> is put in between the vowels, except if either of them is a nasal vowel; in this case, <ɉ> is used.

==Orthography==
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Letter
| A
| Ã
| Æ
| É
| Ó
| Ṍ
| E
| Ẽ
| I
| Y
| Ý
| À
| È
| U
| Ũ
| Á
| O
| Õ
| M
| P
| B
| F
| Ƀ
| Ṽ
| V
| N
| T
| D
| Ś
| Ź
| Š
| Ž
| L
| Ł
| Ń
| C
| Ç
| Ĵ
| J
| K
| G
| H
| Ğ
| Ǹ
| Ř
| R
| ʻ
| W
| Ɉ
|-
! IPA
| a
| ã
| æ
| ɛ
| œ
| œ̃
| e
| ẽ
| i
| y
| ʏ
| ɐ
| ə
| ʊ
| ʊ̃
| ɑ
| ɤ
| ɤ̃
| m
| p
| b
| ɸ
| β
| ʋ
| ⱱ
| n
| t
| d
| tʃ
| dʒ
| ʃ
| ʒ
| l
| ɺ
| ɲ
| c
| ç
| ʝ
| j
| k
| ɡ
| x
| ɣ
| ɴ
| ʁ
| ʀ
| ʡ
| ʍ
| ɥ
|-
|}

==Morphology==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===

==Example texts==
==Other resources==

[[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Ğuntýɉõłit

2024-11-06T19:43:26Z

SleepyAks:

==Introduction==
This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that.

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 30 consonants.

{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Bilabial
! style="width: 4em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" | Palatal
! style="width: 4em;" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" | Uvular
! style="width: 4em;" | Other
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| n
| ɲ
|
| ɴ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Plosive
| p, b
| t, d
| c
| k, g
|
| ʡ
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
| tʃ, dʒ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| ɸ, β
| ʃ, ʒ
| ç, ʝ
| x, ɣ
| ʁ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Approximant
| ʋ
|
| j
|
|
| ʍ, ɥ
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| ⱱ
| l, ɺ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

===Vowels===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 13 oral vowels and 5 nasal vowels.

====Oral vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
| i, y
| ʏ, ʊ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| e, ɛ, œ
| ə
| ɤ
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| æ, a
| ɐ
| ɑ
|-
|}

====Nasal vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
|
| ʊ̃
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| ẽ, œ̃
|
| ɤ̃
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| ã
|
|
|-
|}

===Stress===
Stress in Ğuntýɉõłit is antepenultimate except for intransitive verbs, in which it is ultimate.

===Phonotactics===
All consonant clusters except geminations are permissible. Vowel clusters are not allowed - if after either merging two words or affixing two vowels end up next to one another, <w> is put in between the vowels, except if either of them is a nasal vowel; in this case, <ɉ> is used.

==Orthography==
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Letter
| A
| Ã
| Æ
| É
| Ó
| Ṍ
| E
| Ẽ
| I
| Y
| Ý
| À
| È
| U
| Ũ
| Á
| O
| Õ
| M
| P
| B
| F
| Ƀ
| Ṽ
| V
| N
| T
| D
| Ś
| Ź
| Š
| Ž
| L
| Ł
| Ń
| C
| Ç
| Ĵ
| J
| K
| G
| H
| Ğ
| Ǹ
| Ř
| R
| '
| W
| Ɉ
|-
! IPA
| a
| ã
| æ
| ɛ
| œ
| œ̃
| e
| ẽ
| i
| y
| ʏ
| ɐ
| ə
| ʊ
| ʊ̃
| ɑ
| ɤ
| ɤ̃
| m
| p
| b
| ɸ
| β
| ʋ
| ⱱ
| n
| t
| d
| tʃ
| dʒ
| ʃ
| ʒ
| l
| ɺ
| ɲ
| c
| ç
| ʝ
| j
| k
| ɡ
| x
| ɣ
| ɴ
| ʁ
| ʀ
| ʡ
| ʍ
| ɥ
|-
|}

==Morphology==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===

==Example texts==
==Other resources==

[[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Guntyjolit

2024-11-06T19:05:07Z

SleepyAks: Redirected page to Ğuntýɉõłit

#REDIRECT [[Ğuntýɉõłit]]

Ğuntýɉõłit

2024-11-06T18:40:45Z

SleepyAks: Created page with "==Introduction== This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that. ==Phonology== ===Consonants=== Ğuntýɉõłit has 30 consonants. {|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;" |- ! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" | ! style="w..."

==Introduction==
This language is my first polysynthetic language and is my attempt at making one. This language is rather an experimental one - and I rather take it as my introduction into this category of languages and thus I don't think I'll make this language any lore or anything like that.

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 30 consonants.

{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Bilabial
! style="width: 4em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" | Palatal
! style="width: 4em;" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" | Uvular
! style="width: 4em;" | Other
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| n
| ɲ
|
| ɴ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Plosive
| p, b
| t, d
| c
| k, g
|
| ʡ
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
| tʃ, dʒ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| ɸ, β
| ʃ, ʒ
| ç, ʝ
| x, ɣ
| ʁ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Approximant
| ʋ
|
| j
|
|
| ʍ, ɥ
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
| ⱱ
| l, ɺ
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

===Vowels===
Ğuntýɉõłit has 13 oral vowels and 5 nasal vowels.

====Oral vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
| i, y
| ʏ, ʊ
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| e, ɛ, œ
| ə
| ɤ
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| æ, a
| ɐ
| ɑ
|-
|}

====Nasal vowels====
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width: 8em;" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" | Front
! style="width: 4em;" | Central
! style="width: 4em;" | Back
|-
! colspan="2" | Close
|
| ʊ̃
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Mid
| ẽ, œ̃
|
| ɤ̃
|-
! colspan="2" | Open
| ã
|
|
|-
|}

===Ortography===

===Stress===
Stress in Ğuntýɉõłit is antepenultimate except for intransitive verbs, in which it is ultimate.

===Phonotactics===
All consonant clusters except geminations are permissible. Vowel clusters are not allowed - if after either merging two words or affixing two vowels end up next to one another, <w> is put in between the vowels, except if either of them is a nasal vowel; in this case, <ɉ> is used.

==Morphology==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===

==Example texts==
==Other resources==

[[Category:Ğuntýɉõłit]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]