Amkrama - Revision history

Nicomega: spacing

2020-11-20T15:42:50Z

spacing

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:42, 20 November 2020
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	\|cacanana		\|cacanana
	\|}		\|}


	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"

Nicomega: /* Pronouns */

2020-11-20T15:41:24Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:41, 20 November 2020
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	===Pronouns===		===Pronouns===
	Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.		Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.


	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"

Учхљёная: Adding categories.

2019-01-09T02:05:15Z

Adding categories.

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:05, 9 January 2019
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	'''Amkrama''' is a language in the Cramarian family, though one that is considerably eccentric even from the point of view of that loose-knit group of languages. Although the development of its lexicon from Proto-Cramarian roots is transparent enough, at some point most or all original Cramarian morphology was lost and replaced with Amkrama's odd and possibly unique system of derivation. Creolization with an independent language (of which, however, no other trace now remains) cannot be ruled out.		'''Amkrama''' is a language in the Cramarian family, though one that is considerably eccentric even from the point of view of that loose-knit group of languages. Although the development of its lexicon from Proto-Cramarian roots is transparent enough, at some point most or all original Cramarian morphology was lost and replaced with Amkrama's odd and possibly unique system of derivation. Creolization with an independent language (of which, however, no other trace now remains) cannot be ruled out.

	=Phonology=		==Phonology==
	The phonology of Amkrama is simple, and largely derived from that of Proto-Cramarian by two simple sound-shifts: alveolar consonants became palatals, and retroflex consonants became alveolar.		The phonology of Amkrama is simple, and largely derived from that of Proto-Cramarian by two simple sound-shifts: alveolar consonants became palatals, and retroflex consonants became alveolar.

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	There is not much in the way of allophony. [z] exists as an allophone of /s/ in the environment of a voiced stop.		There is not much in the way of allophony. [z] exists as an allophone of /s/ in the environment of a voiced stop.

	=Morphology=		==Morphology==
	All morphology in Amkrama is based on the elaboration of roots, almost all of the form CVC(C), by a series of reduplications or repetitions of sequences of sounds found within the root.		All morphology in Amkrama is based on the elaboration of roots, almost all of the form CVC(C), by a series of reduplications or repetitions of sequences of sounds found within the root.

	==Nouns==		===Nouns===
	Each noun is inflected in three cases (called ''Nominative, Accusative'' and ''Genitive'') and two numbers, singular and plural.		Each noun is inflected in three cases (called ''Nominative, Accusative'' and ''Genitive'') and two numbers, singular and plural.

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	\|}		\|}

	==Pronouns==		===Pronouns===
	Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.		Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.

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	Only the first-person forms use distinct stems; idental stems are used for the 2nd person (''kaq'' informal, ''kas'' formal) and 3rd person (''ri'' masculine, ''ra'' feminine).		Only the first-person forms use distinct stems; idental stems are used for the 2nd person (''kaq'' informal, ''kas'' formal) and 3rd person (''ri'' masculine, ''ra'' feminine).

	==Verbs==		===Verbs===
	Verbs are inflected in first, second, and third person; singular and plural number; and for tense/aspect/mood forms including Stative, Imperative, Progressive, and Irrealis, as well as producing two participles (Present and Perfect) and a number of verbal nouns.		Verbs are inflected in first, second, and third person; singular and plural number; and for tense/aspect/mood forms including Stative, Imperative, Progressive, and Irrealis, as well as producing two participles (Present and Perfect) and a number of verbal nouns.

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	Though translated above with past or perfect tenses, the stative is not necessarily a past tense; rather, it indicates that the agent or patient of a verb is in a fixed state, which requires some further action to change it. For a transitive verb like √luk-, the general implication is that the state results from a past action which affected the patient.		Though translated above with past or perfect tenses, the stative is not necessarily a past tense; rather, it indicates that the agent or patient of a verb is in a fixed state, which requires some further action to change it. For a transitive verb like √luk-, the general implication is that the state results from a past action which affected the patient.

			[[Category:Conlangs]]
			[[Category:Languages]]
			[[Category:A priori]]
			[[Category:Fusional languages]]
			[[Category:Amkrama]]
			[[Category:Cramarian languages]]

Nicomega: /* Phonology */

2016-10-20T21:32:05Z

Phonology

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:32, 20 October 2016
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	\|		\|
	\|		\|
			\|
	\|-		\|-
	! style="" \|Oral Stop		! style="" \|Oral Stop

Lambehto: /* Verbs */

2015-02-27T03:19:30Z

Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:19, 27 February 2015
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	\|}		\|}

	The imperative is used for commands, directions, instructions, and invitations; it does not imply any peremptoriness, and indeed carries the ~~overtones~~ of polite request.		The imperative is used for commands, directions, instructions, and invitations; it does not imply any peremptoriness, and indeed carries the connotation of polite request.

	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"

Lambehto: /* Verbs */

2015-02-27T02:54:14Z

Verbs

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 From the verb stem '''√luk-''' "carry":
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 |'''lûkululu''' "they have been carried"
 |}

Lambehto at 02:28, 27 February 2015

2015-02-27T02:28:20Z

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 ==Pronouns==
 Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.
 ==Verbs==
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 #Progressive: C₁VC₂C₂
 #Irrealis: C₁VC₂C₁

Lambehto: /* Verbs */

2015-02-27T02:16:08Z

Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:16, 27 February 2015
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	\|ququlpupu		\|ququlpupu
	\|}		\|}

			==Pronouns==
			Pronouns are inflected in a manner similar to nouns, but often lacking a final vowel.

	==Verbs==		==Verbs==

Lambehto: /* Verbs */

2015-02-24T06:22:41Z

Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:22, 24 February 2015
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	Verbs are inflected in first, second, and third person; singular and plural number; and for tense/aspect/mood forms including Stative, Imperative, Progressive, and Irrealis, as well as producing two participles (Present and Perfect) and a number of verbal nouns.		Verbs are inflected in first, second, and third person; singular and plural number; and for tense/aspect/mood forms including Stative, Imperative, Progressive, and Irrealis, as well as producing two participles (Present and Perfect) and a number of verbal nouns.

	Each of the TAM forms is based on a different ~~reduplicated~~ base:		Each of the TAM forms is based on a different base derived from the root:
	#Imperative: C₁VC₂		#Imperative: C₁VC₂
	#Stative: C₁VVC₂		#Stative: C₁VVC₂
	#Progressive: C₁VC₂C₂		#Progressive: C₁VC₂C₂
	#Irrealis: C₁VC₂C₁		#Irrealis: C₁VC₂C₁

Lambehto: /* Phonology */

2015-02-24T06:21:47Z

Phonology

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:21, 24 February 2015
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	\| c [ʧ] j [ʤ]		\| c [ʧ] j [ʤ]
	\| k g		\| k g
	\|		\| q [ʔ]
	\|-		\|-
	! style="" \|Fricative		! style="" \|Fricative