Castillerian: /* Pronouns */

2020-08-27T17:28:58Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:28, 27 August 2020
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	{{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ}} (he, it ''m.''), {{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ}} (she, it ''f.''), {{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ}} (they)		{{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ}} (he, it ''m.''), {{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ}} (she, it ''f.''), {{cop\|ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ}} (they)

	Pronouns are used mainly found in verbless sentences ({{cop\|'''ⲁⲛⲟⲕ''' ⲩⲥⲃⲩⲓ}} "'''I''' am a student" and are commonly dropped in verbful sentences ({{cop\|ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ~~ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ~~}}, "We are reading the books", would be more commonly written as {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ~~ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ~~}}).		Pronouns are used mainly found in verbless sentences ({{cop\|'''ⲁⲛⲟⲕ''' ⲩⲥⲃⲩⲓ}} "'''I''' am a student" and are commonly dropped in verbful sentences ({{cop\|ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ⲛⲉϫⲱⲙ}}, "We are reading the books", would be more commonly written as {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ⲛⲉϫⲱⲙ}}).

	===Durative sentences===		===Durative sentences===

Castillerian at 19:50, 16 November 2019

2019-11-16T19:50:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:50, 16 November 2019
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	~~{{maincat\|Maryan Coptic verbs}}~~

	===Infinitive forms===		===Infinitive forms===
	Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop\|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop\|ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙ-}}".		Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop\|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop\|ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙ-}}".
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	* Limitative: {{cop\|ϣⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''šatisōtem'', "Until I hear")		* Limitative: {{cop\|ϣⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''šatisōtem'', "Until I hear")
	* Expectative: {{cop\|ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empatisōtem'', "I have not heard yet/Before I hear")		* Expectative: {{cop\|ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empatisōtem'', "I have not heard yet/Before I hear")

			[[Category:Maryan Coptic verbs]]
			[[Category:Maryan Coptic appendices]]

Castillerian: Created page with "{{maincat|Maryan Coptic verbs}} ===Infinitive forms=== Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀ϣ..."

2019-11-16T19:49:44Z

Created page with "{{maincat|Maryan Coptic verbs}} ===Infinitive forms=== Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀ϣ..."

New page

{{maincat|Maryan Coptic verbs}}

===Infinitive forms===
Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙ-}}".

* Infinitive: {{cop|ⲉ̀ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''èsōtem'', "To hear")
* Negative Infinitive: {{cop|ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''èštemsōtem'', "To not hear")

===Imperative forms===
Most verbs use one of their predetermined states, based on context, as their imperative form. Some verbs have a unique imperative form, ranging from an added prefix to a separate word entirely.

* Imperative:
** {{cop|{{term|ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}}}} (''sōtem'', "Hear") (''base absolute state'')
** {{cop|ⲁⲛⲁⲩ}} (''anau'', "See, Look") (''from'' {{mc-com2|ⲁ-|a-}} ''+'' {{mc-com2|ⲛⲁⲩ|nau}})
** {{cop|ⲙⲁⲫⲓ}} (''mapʰi'', "Kiss") (''from'' {{mc-com2|ⲙⲁ-|ma-}} ''+'' {{mc-com2|ⲫⲓ|pʰi}})
** {{cop|ⲙⲟⲓ}} (''moi'', "Give") (''irregular imperative form of'' {{mc-com2|ϯ|ti}})
* Negative imperative: {{cop|ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empersōtem'', "Do not hear")

===Pronouns===
Maryan Coptic has 8 personal pronouns:

{{cop|ⲁⲛⲟⲕ}} (I), {{cop|ⲁⲛⲟⲛ}} (we)

{{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ}} (you ''m.''), {{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ}} (you ''f.''), {{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ}} (you ''pl.'')

{{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ}} (he, it ''m.''), {{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ}} (she, it ''f.''), {{cop|ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ}} (they)

Pronouns are used mainly found in verbless sentences ({{cop|'''ⲁⲛⲟⲕ''' ⲩⲥⲃⲩⲓ}} "'''I''' am a student" and are commonly dropped in verbful sentences ({{cop|ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ}}, "We are reading the books", would be more commonly written as {{cop|ⲧⲉⲛⲉϣ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ}}).

===Durative sentences===
Durative sentences are sentences that continue over a period of time.

Present:
* Simple Present: {{cop|ϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''tisōtem'', "I hear, I am hearing")
* Circumstantial: {{cop|ⲉⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''eisōtem'', "Me hearing")
* Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''naisōtem'', "I have heard")
* Relative: {{cop|ⲉϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''etisōtem'', "That/who/which I am hearing")

Future:
* Simple Future: {{cop|ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''tinasōtem'', "I will hear")
* Circumstantial: {{cop|ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''einasōtem'', "Me about to hear")
* Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''nainasōtem'', "I would hear")
* Conditional: {{cop|ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''enainasōtem'', "I would have heard")
* Relative: {{cop|ⲉϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''etinasōtem'', "That/who/which I will hear")

===Non-durative sentences===
Non-durative sentences are sentences that have a specific ending.

Past:
* Affirmative Past: {{cop|ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''aisōtem'', "I heard")
* Negative Past: {{cop|ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''aisōtem'', "I did not hear")
* Affirmative Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''neaisōtem'', "I had heard")
* Negative Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''nempisōtem'', "I had not heard")
* Circumstantial: {{cop|ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''eaisōtem'', "Me having heard")
* Relative: {{cop|ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''etaisōtem'', "That/who/which I heard")

Aorist:
* Affirmative Perfect: {{cop|ϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''šaisōtem'', "I usually hear")
* Negative Perfect: {{cop|ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empaisōtem'', "I do not usually hear")
* Affirmative Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''nešaisōtem'', "I used to hear")
* Negative Preterite: {{cop|ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''nempaisōtem'', "I did not use to hear")

Optative:
* Affirmative Optatlve: {{cop|ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''eiesōtem'', "I wish/want to hear")
* Affirmative Optatlve: {{cop|ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''ennasōtem'', "I do not wish/want to hear")

Jussive/Causative:
* Jussive: {{cop|ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''marisōtem'', "Let me hear")
* Affirmative Causative: {{cop|ⲑⲣⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''tʰrisōtem'', "Make me hear")
* Negative Causative: {{cop|ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empentʰrisōtem'', "Do not make me hear")

===Subordinate Clause===
Conditional:
* Affirmative Conditional: {{cop|ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''aišansōtem'', "If I hear/When I hear")
* Negative Conditional: {{cop|ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''aištemsōtem'', "If I do not hear")

Conjunctive/Subjunctive:
* Affirmative Conjunctive/Subjunctive: {{cop|ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''entasōtem'', "So I hear/I must hear")
* Negative Conjunctive/Subjunctive: {{cop|ⲉⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''entaštemsōtem'', "So I do not hear/I must not hear")

Limitative, Expectative:
* Limitative: {{cop|ϣⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''šatisōtem'', "Until I hear")
* Expectative: {{cop|ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ}} (''empatisōtem'', "I have not heard yet/Before I hear")

Appendix:Maryan Coptic verbs - Revision history

Castillerian: /* Pronouns */

Castillerian at 19:50, 16 November 2019

Castillerian: Created page with "{{maincat|Maryan Coptic verbs}} ===Infinitive forms=== Each verb has an infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀-}}", also having a negative infinitive marked with "{{cop|ⲉ̀ϣ..."