Chlouvānem/Calendar and time - Revision history

Lili21: /* Solar months and seasons */

2021-08-28T16:19:25Z

Solar months and seasons

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:19, 28 August 2021
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	Certain areas in the Chlouvānem-speaking world use different month names even while speaking Chlouvānem, although it's common to switch to using the standard names while speaking with outsiders. For example, across the Toyubeshian area (the Northern Far East), the following nameset is used (Modern Toyubeshian names given for comparison):		Certain areas in the Chlouvānem-speaking world use different month names even while speaking Chlouvānem, although it's common to switch to using the standard names while speaking with outsiders. For example, across the Toyubeshian area (the Northern Far East), the following nameset is used (Modern Toyubeshian names given for comparison):
	{\| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
	\| <strong>Toyubeshian area month names</strong>		\| colspan=3 \| <strong>Toyubeshian area month names</strong>
	\|-		\|-
	! Chlouvānem (standard) !! Chlouvānem (local) !! Modern Toyubeshian		! Chlouvānem (standard) !! Chlouvānem (local) !! Modern Toyubeshian

Lili21: /* Solar months and seasons */

2021-08-28T16:18:54Z

Solar months and seasons

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 |}
 As a comparison with the Western calendar used in most of the planet, the first day of Pārghuṇai is the one of the first four days (depending on leap years) of the twenty-first Western month; the first day of the Western year is the 21st±2 day of Haunyai.
 ====Leap days====

Lili21: /* Solar months and seasons */

2020-05-14T16:04:45Z

Solar months and seasons

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:04, 14 May 2020
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	\|-		\|-
	! 1		! 1
	\| '''Pārghuṇai''' \|\| 30 \|\| of the chameleon (''pṛghuṇa'') \|\| <small>1st day:</small> ''(northern) autumn equinox''; ranire ~~nājaṣrān~~ <small>(Chlouvānem New Year)</small>		\| '''Pārghuṇai''' \|\| 30 \|\| of the chameleon (''pṛghuṇa'') \|\| <small>1st day:</small> ''(northern) autumn equinox''; ranire najaṣrāṇa <small>(Chlouvānem New Year)</small>
	\|-		\|-
	! 2		! 2

Lili21: /* Days, hours, and shorter times */

2020-04-28T11:26:05Z

Days, hours, and shorter times

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:26, 28 April 2020
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	The four ''garaṃlānai'' work roughly like the AM/PM system, thus e.g. hour 17 (19<sub>10</sub>) is normally called hour 3 of the evening.<br/>		The four ''garaṃlānai'' work roughly like the AM/PM system, thus e.g. hour 17 (19<sub>10</sub>) is normally called hour 3 of the evening.<br/>
	Time zones, in all areas with the Chlouvānem timekeeping system, depend on the Eastern/Chlouvānem standard for longitudinal measure, which uses as its prime meridian the one of Līlasuṃghāṇa, capital of the Inquisition. It should be noted that, as the Western system uses the meridian of Mánébodin, capital of Ceria, as its prime one<ref>The difference between the two prime meridians is 143º35′11.6586″.</ref>, in the case of two cities on the same meridian but using the two different standards, the one using the Eastern system is (in Chlouvānem time) 16<sub>12</sub> railai (18<sub>10</sub>) and 8 namišenī behind - about 10 minutes and 56 seconds in time of Earth (this difference is not precisely solar but established by law between Eastern and Western countries - a single time zone ideally spans 11º15’).<br/>In international contexts, the Chlouvānem time zones are depicted as being +53′40″ (+45′34″<sub>12</sub>) on the preceding Cerian time zone (for example the country of New ~~Égélonía~~ is in time zone CER+15 (geographically spanning more) while the Chlouvānem diocese of Bivarteloga just south of it is noted as being in time zone CER+14:53′40″<sub>10</sub>. In official contexts in the Inquisition (as well as in Brono, Fathan, and iKalurilut), Bivarteloga diocese is in time zone LIL+2, while New ~~Égélonía~~ is noted as being in time zone LIL+2:16′08″<sub>12</sub>.		Time zones, in all areas with the Chlouvānem timekeeping system, depend on the Eastern/Chlouvānem standard for longitudinal measure, which uses as its prime meridian the one of Līlasuṃghāṇa, capital of the Inquisition. It should be noted that, as the Western system uses the meridian of Mánébodin, capital of Ceria, as its prime one<ref>The difference between the two prime meridians is 143º35′11.6586″.</ref>, in the case of two cities on the same meridian but using the two different standards, the one using the Eastern system is (in Chlouvānem time) 16<sub>12</sub> railai (18<sub>10</sub>) and 8 namišenī behind - about 10 minutes and 56 seconds in time of Earth (this difference is not precisely solar but established by law between Eastern and Western countries - a single time zone ideally spans 11º15’).<br/>In international contexts, the Chlouvānem time zones are depicted as being +53′40″ (+45′34″<sub>12</sub>) on the preceding Cerian time zone (for example the country of New Ézélonía is in time zone CER+15 (geographically spanning more) while the Chlouvānem diocese of Bivarteloga just south of it is noted as being in time zone CER+14:53′40″<sub>10</sub>. In official contexts in the Inquisition (as well as in Brono, Fathan, and iKalurilut), Bivarteloga diocese is in time zone LIL+2, while New Ézélonía is noted as being in time zone LIL+2:16′08″<sub>12</sub>.

	Every hour is then divided (in an internationally agreed, Calémerian-wide, standard) in 60 (72<sub>10</sub>) timeframes called ''raila'' (pl. ''railai''), each one of about 54.6805 seconds of Earth; in common use in the Inquisition they are most commonly grouped into three double dozens (''hælmāmya'', pl. ''-māmyai''), each one of 20 (24<sub>10</sub>) railai.		Every hour is then divided (in an internationally agreed, Calémerian-wide, standard) in 60 (72<sub>10</sub>) timeframes called ''raila'' (pl. ''railai''), each one of about 54.6805 seconds of Earth; in common use in the Inquisition they are most commonly grouped into three double dozens (''hælmāmya'', pl. ''-māmyai''), each one of 20 (24<sub>10</sub>) railai.

Lili21: /* Expressing time in Chlouvānem */

2020-04-09T13:03:21Z

Expressing time in Chlouvānem

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:03, 9 April 2020
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	\|-		\|-
	! bīs !! <small>Essive (both nouns)</small>		! bīs !! <small>Essive (both nouns)</small>
	\| between; from ... until \|\| '''šurājęs nyūramyęs bīs''' between Šurājah and ~~Nyūramiah~~		\| between; from ... until \|\| '''šurājęs nyūramyęs bīs''' between Šurājah and Nyūramyah
	\|}		\|}

Lili21 at 16:45, 6 March 2020

2020-03-06T16:45:12Z

Lili21: /* Lunar days */

2020-02-04T16:44:25Z

Lunar days

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 4 February 2020
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	=====Lunar days=====		=====Lunar days=====
	Each lunar day has its own name, much like our days of the week. Out of all names, seven are of Chlouvānem origin, two are taken proper names of unknown origin but attested in the ''[[Chlouvānem/Literature#The_Lile.E1.B9.83sasarum\|Lileṃsasarum]]'', while all other ones are Lällshag<ref>The four ''-leilē'' days are half-calques, ''leilē'' being the Chlouvānem word for "candle", not of Lällshag origin. ''mån'', ''joune'', ''llashi'', and ''~~ałare~~'', also seen in the days immediately preceding them, are the numbers from 1 to 4 in Lällshag.</ref>. The lunar phases are furthermore divided into three parts each, the first two of six and the last of five days. These divisions are called ''hāsnai'' (sg. ''hāsna'') collectively; the first six days of the phase are the ''ūbhāsna'' (near ''hāsna''), the middle six days are the ''lādhāsna'' (central ''hāsna''), and the last five days are the ''bishāsna'' (far ''hāsna'').		Each lunar day has its own name, much like our days of the week. Out of all names, seven are of Chlouvānem origin, two are taken proper names of unknown origin but attested in the ''[[Chlouvānem/Literature#The_Lile.E1.B9.83sasarum\|Lileṃsasarum]]'', while all other ones are Lällshag<ref>The four ''-leilē'' days are half-calques, ''leilē'' being the Chlouvānem word for "candle", not of Lällshag origin. ''mån'', ''joune'', ''llashi'', and ''ałane'', also seen in the days immediately preceding them, are the numbers from 1 to 4 in Lällshag.</ref>. The lunar phases are furthermore divided into three parts each, the first two of six and the last of five days. These divisions are called ''hāsnai'' (sg. ''hāsna'') collectively; the first six days of the phase are the ''ūbhāsna'' (near ''hāsna''), the middle six days are the ''lādhāsna'' (central ''hāsna''), and the last five days are the ''bishāsna'' (far ''hāsna'').
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
	\|-		\|-
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	\| yūnayækṣah		\| yūnayækṣah
	! 11<br/><small>''(half-rest)''</small>		! 11<br/><small>''(half-rest)''</small>
	\| ~~alarayækṣah~~		\| alanayækṣah
	\|-		\|-
	\| yūnaleilē		\| yūnaleilē
	! 12<br/><small>''(rest)''</small>		! 12<br/><small>''(rest)''</small>
	\| ~~alaraleilē~~		\| alanaleilē
	\|-		\|-
	\| pulyatā		\| pulyatā

Lili21: /* Lunar days */

2020-02-04T16:43:33Z

Lunar days

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 4 February 2020
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	=====Lunar days=====		=====Lunar days=====
	Each lunar day has its own name, much like our days of the week. Out of all names, seven are of Chlouvānem origin, two are taken proper names of unknown origin but attested in the ''[[Chlouvānem/Literature#The_Lile.E1.B9.83sasarum\|Lileṃsasarum]]'', while all other ones are Lällshag<ref>The four ''-leilē'' days are half-calques, ''leilē'' being the Chlouvānem word for "candle", not of Lällshag origin. ''mån'', ''joune'', ''llashi'', and ''~~ałane~~'', also seen in the days immediately preceding them, are the numbers from 1 to 4 in Lällshag.</ref>.		Each lunar day has its own name, much like our days of the week. Out of all names, seven are of Chlouvānem origin, two are taken proper names of unknown origin but attested in the ''[[Chlouvānem/Literature#The_Lile.E1.B9.83sasarum\|Lileṃsasarum]]'', while all other ones are Lällshag<ref>The four ''-leilē'' days are half-calques, ''leilē'' being the Chlouvānem word for "candle", not of Lällshag origin. ''mån'', ''joune'', ''llashi'', and ''ałare'', also seen in the days immediately preceding them, are the numbers from 1 to 4 in Lällshag.</ref>. The lunar phases are furthermore divided into three parts each, the first two of six and the last of five days. These divisions are called ''hāsnai'' (sg. ''hāsna'') collectively; the first six days of the phase are the ''ūbhāsna'' (near ''hāsna''), the middle six days are the ''lādhāsna'' (central ''hāsna''), and the last five days are the ''bishāsna'' (far ''hāsna'').
	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
	\|-		\|-
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	\| yūnayækṣah		\| yūnayækṣah
	! 11<br/><small>''(half-rest)''</small>		! 11<br/><small>''(half-rest)''</small>
	\| ~~alanayækṣah~~		\| alarayækṣah
	\|-		\|-
	\| yūnaleilē		\| yūnaleilē
	! 12<br/><small>''(rest)''</small>		! 12<br/><small>''(rest)''</small>
	\| ~~alanaleilē~~		\| alaraleilē
	\|-		\|-
	\| pulyatā		\| pulyatā

Lili21: /* Days, hours, and shorter times */

2019-12-09T19:58:35Z

Days, hours, and shorter times

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:58, 9 December 2019
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	\| '''7 of the afternoon''' \|\| saṃlallumi chīcænde \|\| '''7 of the night''' \|\| lalei chīcænde		\| '''7 of the afternoon''' \|\| saṃlallumi chīcænde \|\| '''7 of the night''' \|\| lalei chīcænde
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''8 of the afternoon'''<br/>''Sunset'' \|\| saṃlallumi mbulende<br/>''~~nīhenā~~'' \|\| '''8 of the night'''<br/>''Dawn''<br/><small>last of the day</small> \|\| lalei mbulende<br/>''ājva''		\| '''8 of the afternoon'''<br/>''Sunset'' \|\| saṃlallumi mbulende<br/>''nīhanā'' \|\| '''8 of the night'''<br/>''Dawn''<br/><small>last of the day</small> \|\| lalei mbulende<br/>''ājva''
	\|}		\|}

Lili21: /* Telling the time */

2019-09-26T15:26:55Z

Telling the time

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:26, 26 September 2019
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	* ''S 2.56'' — ''pamvyå saṃlallenīs tulūɂa vi'' (it's six to three in the afternoon)		* ''S 2.56'' — ''pamvyå saṃlallenīs tulūɂa vi'' (it's six to three in the afternoon)
	For all other cases, the time is told as "<small>ORDINAL IN LOCATIVE CASE OF THE HOUR</small>, <small>GARAṂLĀṆA IN GENITIVE CASE</small>, <small>ORDINAL OF THE ELAPSED THIRD OF HOUR</small> (except for ''.01'' to ''.1Ɛ'') and <small>NUMBER OF RAILAI</small>". Note that, however, in most cases Chlouvānem people approximate to the nearest six railai (e.g. ''.24'' is told as if it were ''.26''):		For all other cases, the time is told as "<small>ORDINAL IN LOCATIVE CASE OF THE HOUR</small>, <small>GARAṂLĀṆA IN GENITIVE CASE</small>, <small>ORDINAL OF THE ELAPSED THIRD OF HOUR</small> (except for ''.01'' to ''.1Ɛ'') and <small>NUMBER OF RAILAI</small>". Note that, however, in most cases Chlouvānem people approximate to the nearest six railai (e.g. ''.24'' is told as if it were ''.26''):
	* ''S 2.1Ɛ'' — ''~~daniendye~~ saṃlallumi māmivælden vi'' (it's twenty-three<sub>10</sub> <small>(two and one dozen plus eleven)</small> in the second of the afternoon)		* ''S 2.1Ɛ'' — ''danyendye saṃlallumi māmivælden vi'' (it's twenty-three<sub>10</sub> <small>(two and one dozen plus eleven)</small> in the second of the afternoon)
	* ''S 2.35'' — ''~~daniendye~~ saṃlallumi lahīla māmišulka (no) vi'' (it's the first [third of hour] and seventeen<sub>10</sub> <small>(one dozen plus five)</small> in the second of the afternoon)		* ''S 2.35'' — ''danyendye saṃlallumi lahīla māmišulka (no) vi'' (it's the first [third of hour] and seventeen<sub>10</sub> <small>(one dozen plus five)</small> in the second of the afternoon)
	* ''S 2.48'' — ''~~daniendye~~ saṃlallumi hælinaika mbula (no) vi'' (it's the second [third of hour] and eight in the second of the afternoon)		* ''S 2.48'' — ''danyendye saṃlallumi hælinaika mbula (no) vi'' (it's the second [third of hour] and eight in the second of the afternoon)

	The word ''raila'' is usually never stated if the hour number is present; if it is implied, then ''raila'' (always in the singular, as it's preceded by a numeral) must be stated - note also the question about minutes, not the hour:		The word ''raila'' is usually never stated if the hour number is present; if it is implied, then ''raila'' (always in the singular, as it's preceded by a numeral) must be stated - note also the question about minutes, not the hour:

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 6 March 2020
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	Time expressions in the [[Chlouvānem]] language need understanding of the timekeeping system of the Chlouvānem populations. The '''Chlouvānem calendar''' (''chlǣvānumi ~~pārṇahaleṃlāṇa~~'') is a lunisolar calendar and is one of two timekeeping systems used officially on [[Verse:Calémere\|Calémere]], the other one being the standard Western calendar used by the majority of nations. Despite being used officially only in four countries (''the [[Verse:Chlouvānem Inquisition\|Inquisition]]'', ''Brono'', ''Fathan'', and ''Qualdomailor''), it is the timekeeping system for about 20% of the planet's population, the vast majority in the Inquisition. Furthermore, in many countries of the former Kaiṣamā with a sizable Chlouvānem population (like Soenjŏ-tave or Kŭyŭgwažtow), and to a lesser extent in the rest of Eastern Bloc, it is common to find both calendar systems used at the same time, even though only the Western calendar is official.<br/>The count of years of the Chlouvānem calendar begins with the (mythical) foundation of Lælavāši (Lälawaashi in [[Lällshag]]), a city often cited in Lällshag (the people the Chlouvānem borrowed the calendar from) legends and possibly located near modern Erukamarta. The current year is 3874 (6424<sub>10</sub>). While even the existence of the legendary city of Lælavāši is dubious, year 0, calculated about a thousand years ago by literary scholars, is conveniently close to the accepted beginning of Calémerian Holocene and thus the Lällshag-Chlouvānem calendar can be said to count the years since the birth of civilization.		Time expressions in the [[Chlouvānem]] language need understanding of the timekeeping system of the Chlouvānem populations. The '''Chlouvānem calendar''' (''chlǣvānumi lairhaleṃlāṇa'') is a lunisolar calendar and is one of two timekeeping systems used officially on [[Verse:Calémere\|Calémere]], the other one being the standard Western calendar used by the majority of nations. Despite being used officially only in four countries (''the [[Verse:Chlouvānem Inquisition\|Inquisition]]'', ''Brono'', ''Fathan'', and ''Qualdomailor''), it is the timekeeping system for about 20% of the planet's population, the vast majority in the Inquisition. Furthermore, in many countries of the former Kaiṣamā with a sizable Chlouvānem population (like Soenjŏ-tave or Kŭyŭgwažtow), and to a lesser extent in the rest of Eastern Bloc, it is common to find both calendar systems used at the same time, even though only the Western calendar is official.<br/>The count of years of the Chlouvānem calendar begins with the (mythical) foundation of Lælavāši (Lälawaashi in [[Lällshag]]), a city often cited in Lällshag (the people the Chlouvānem borrowed the calendar from) legends and possibly located near modern Erukamarta. The current year is 3874 (6424<sub>10</sub>). While even the existence of the legendary city of Lælavāši is dubious, year 0, calculated about a thousand years ago by literary scholars, is conveniently close to the accepted beginning of Calémerian Holocene and thus the Lällshag-Chlouvānem calendar can be said to count the years since the birth of civilization.

	In this article Chlouvānem names will be used, but the languages of the other countries all follow the same system, often with borrowed Chlouvānem numerals for duodecimal numbers.		In this article Chlouvānem names will be used, but the languages of the other countries all follow the same system, often with borrowed Chlouvānem numerals for duodecimal numbers.
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	The lunar element of the Chlouvānem calendar is important in marking the closest equivalent to a week. It should be noted that this division, formerly purely astronomical, is now mostly bureaucratic and does not correspond to astronomical values; therefore solar days and lunar days, as far as the calendar is concerned, are both equal. In the following section, all references to "the moon" refer to ''Hulyā'' (Cer. ''Ašeira''), the greater of the two Calémerian moons.		The lunar element of the Chlouvānem calendar is important in marking the closest equivalent to a week. It should be noted that this division, formerly purely astronomical, is now mostly bureaucratic and does not correspond to astronomical values; therefore solar days and lunar days, as far as the calendar is concerned, are both equal. In the following section, all references to "the moon" refer to ''Hulyā'' (Cer. ''Ašeira''), the greater of the two Calémerian moons.

	A lunar month (''hulyāsena'') is a fixed 34-day division parallel to the fourteen solar months described above. Every lunar month is divided in ''lānicunih'' (pl. ''lānicuneyi''), which is the "fixed" 32-hour (28<sub>12</sub>) bureaucratic lunar day (as opposed to ''~~ilēmpārṇam~~'', the astronomical lunar day of variable length, which varies between 30 ½ and 33 Calemerian hours), which is equivalent to the solar day, and ''lānicuneyai'' are grouped in two periods called ''lānimpeɂila'' (pl. ''lānimpeɂilai''), each one of 17 days, half of the lunar month. The ''lānimpeɂilai'' are the closest equivalent of a "week" in the Chlouvānem calendar; they are astronomically based on lunar phases, and are called respectively ''chlærlīltāvi'' (from new to full moon) and ''līleñchlæryāvi''.		A lunar month (''hulyāsena'') is a fixed 34-day division parallel to the fourteen solar months described above. Every lunar month is divided in ''lānicunih'' (pl. ''lānicuneyi''), which is the "fixed" 32-hour (28<sub>12</sub>) bureaucratic lunar day (as opposed to ''ilēṃlairē'', the astronomical lunar day of variable length, which varies between 30 ½ and 33 Calemerian hours), which is equivalent to the solar day, and ''lānicuneyai'' are grouped in two periods called ''lānimpeɂila'' (pl. ''lānimpeɂilai''), each one of 17 days, half of the lunar month. The ''lānimpeɂilai'' are the closest equivalent of a "week" in the Chlouvānem calendar; they are astronomically based on lunar phases, and are called respectively ''chlærlīltāvi'' (from new to full moon) and ''līleñchlæryāvi''.

	These divisions - the ''lānimpeɂilai'' - take the place of “weeks” for event schedules: the fifth and eleventh days of each lunar phase are half-rest days, while the sixth, twelfth, and seventeenth are full rest days; the first day of the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar months are also full rest days.		These divisions - the ''lānimpeɂilai'' - take the place of “weeks” for event schedules: the fifth and eleventh days of each lunar phase are half-rest days, while the sixth, twelfth, and seventeenth are full rest days; the first day of the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar months are also full rest days.
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	=== Days, hours, and shorter times ===		=== Days, hours, and shorter times ===
	The (solar) day (''~~pārṇam~~'') is the base measure of time, which is divided in 28<sub>12</sub> (32<sub>10</sub>) hours (''garaṇa'') — note that there is a separate term for “day” as the part of the 28-hour day with daylight, namely ''~~chlærdhūs~~''. One Calemerian day lasts about 35 hours on Earth.<br/>		The (solar) day (''lairē'') is the base measure of time, which is divided in 28<sub>12</sub> (32<sub>10</sub>) hours (''garaṇa'') — note that there is a separate term for “day” as the part of the 28-hour day with daylight, namely ''hånna'' (the same word that means "sun"). One Calemerian day lasts about 35 hours on Earth.<br/>
	These hours are divided in four groups called ''garaṃlāṇa'', each one made of eight hours and corresponding to different times of the day. They are ''yartām'' (morning), ''saṃlallai'' (afternoon, plurale tantum), and ''prājānya'' (evening), and ''lalyā'' (night) — they may be referred to either with these simple names or ''genitive + garaṇai'' (''lalei garaṇai, yartāmi garaṇai'', …).		These hours are divided in four groups called ''garaṃlāṇa'', each one made of eight hours and corresponding to different times of the day. They are ''yartām'' (morning), ''saṃlallai'' (afternoon, plurale tantum), and ''prājānya'' (evening), and ''lalyā'' (night) — they may be referred to either with these simple names or ''genitive + garaṇai'' (''lalei garaṇai, yartāmi garaṇai'', …).

	The first hour of ''yartām'' - the morning - is the first one of the whole day (a stark contrast to the Western calendar, where the day begins at midnight and - traditionally - at dusk); every last hour of each garaṃlāṇa has a specific name, respectively ''lalla hånna'' (high[est] sun — colloquially just ''lalla''), ''nīhenā'' (sunset), ''kutīkṣaire hånna'' (lowest sun — colloquially just ''kutīkṣayā''), and ''ājva'' (dawn). For ''lalla'' and ''kutīkṣayā'' there are also the older terms - still used in some areas - ''~~chlærdaniāmita~~'' (halfpoint of the day) and ''~~lalyādaniāmita~~'' (halfpoint of the night) respectively.		The first hour of ''yartām'' - the morning - is the first one of the whole day (a stark contrast to the Western calendar, where the day begins at midnight and - traditionally - at dusk); every last hour of each garaṃlāṇa has a specific name, respectively ''lalla hånna'' (high[est] sun — colloquially just ''lalla''), ''nīhenā'' (sunset), ''kutīkṣaire hånna'' (lowest sun — colloquially just ''kutīkṣayā''), and ''ājva'' (dawn). For ''lalla'' and ''kutīkṣayā'' there are also the older terms - still used in some areas - ''chlærdanyāmita'' (halfpoint of the day) and ''lalyādanyāmita'' (halfpoint of the night) respectively.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	The head of formal letters uses the first format (though written with numbers) and, obligatorily, the name of the day, e.g. ''3871-i uṣraumaṇāyi Ɛ-de : līšabganā''.		The head of formal letters uses the first format (though written with numbers) and, obligatorily, the name of the day, e.g. ''3871-i uṣraumaṇāyi Ɛ-de : līšabganā''.

	Common abbreviations (using the same example date as above) include e.g. 3871-4-Ɛ, ~~3871h4aƐp~~ (with ''h'' standing for ''heirah'' (year), ''a'' for ''asena'' (month), and ''p'' for ''~~parṇām~~'' (day)), lšb: 3871-4-Ɛ (the most common in short format dates, i.e. like the first but including the day), or even Ch2: 3871-4-Ɛ (as ''līšabganā'' is the second day of ''chlærlīltāvi'').		Common abbreviations (using the same example date as above) include e.g. 3871-4-Ɛ, 3871h4aƐl (with ''h'' standing for ''heirah'' (year), ''a'' for ''asena'' (month), and ''l'' for ''lairē'' (day)), lšb: 3871-4-Ɛ (the most common in short format dates, i.e. like the first but including the day), or even Ch2: 3871-4-Ɛ (as ''līšabganā'' is the second day of ''chlærlīltāvi'').

	=== Telling the time ===		=== Telling the time ===