Hutala - Revision history

Uvie: /* Orthography */

2018-01-02T18:21:29Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:21, 2 January 2018
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	H h /h/		H h /h/
	I i /i/		I i /i/
	~~Dj dj~~ /~~d͡ʒ~~/ ~~(J, j is an alternative spelling that fell into disuse by analogy with Tx, tx).~~		J j /ʒ/
	K k /k/		K k /k/
	L l /l/		L l /l/

2017-12-18T22:53:25Z

Morphology

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:53, 18 December 2017
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	Also, while the root form of a verb usually follows a CVCV pattern, if there is more than one syllable, the last vowel is dropped.		Also, while the root form of a verb usually follows a CVCV pattern, if there is more than one syllable, the last vowel is dropped.

			===Adjectives===
			Adjectives qualify nouns. As such, they agree with the noun they qualify in class and, depending on the syntax, in definiteness : while usually placed immediately before the noun and not marked for definiteness, for emphatic or poetic purposes it can be placed after the noun and is then marked for definiteness, in agreement with the noun.

			===Adverbs===
			Adverbs qualify verbs or adjectives. They are usually placed before the verb or adjective they qualify. Adverbs and adjectives are usually formed on the same lexical base and differ formally only by which inflectional marks of agreement they take. When an adverb qualifies a verb, then it agrees with the verb in polarity and tense : POL-root-TAM. When an adverb qualifies an adjective, then it agrees with the adjective in class, and with the verb of the sentence in polarity, if applicable : CL-POL-root.

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

2017-12-18T22:48:08Z

Allomorphy and surface form

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:48, 18 December 2017
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	\|}		\|}

	Also, while the root form of a verb usually follows a ~~(C)V~~ pattern, if there is more than one syllable, the last vowel is dropped.		Also, while the root form of a verb usually follows a CVCV pattern, if there is more than one syllable, the last vowel is dropped.

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

2017-12-18T22:47:42Z

Allomorphy and surface form

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:47, 18 December 2017
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	\| FRQ:rep, TAM:far future \|\| 'wis:ar \|\| 't͡sas:ar		\| FRQ:rep, TAM:far future \|\| 'wis:ar \|\| 't͡sas:ar
	\|}		\|}

			Also, while the root form of a verb usually follows a (C)V pattern, if there is more than one syllable, the last vowel is dropped.

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

2017-12-18T22:46:20Z

Syntax

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:46, 18 December 2017
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	===Dependent clauses===		===Dependent clauses===
	<!-- etc. etc. -->		<!-- etc. etc. -->
			===Questions===
			SYntactically, questions are formed by placing the verb in final position : SV, SOV. Verbs are not marked for polarity or evidentiality : CL-root-VOL-FRQ-TAM
			===Passive voice===
			The passive voice is formed by placing the "patient" in a subject position and not marking the verb for class.

	==Example texts==		==Example texts==

2017-12-18T22:41:39Z

Consonants

2017-12-18T22:40:49Z

Allomorphy and surface form

@@ Line 326: / Line 326: @@
 ====Allomorphy and surface form====
 In practice, there is a lot of boundaries fusion going on between the affixes, so that the surface forms are different from the mere agglutination of the inflectional affixes.
 Before the verb root : CL-POL-EVD
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 378: / Line 379: @@
 |-
 | CL12b || 't͡ʃ:etu || 't͡ʃantu || 't͡ʃ:ekit || 't͡ʃaŋkit || 't͡ʃ:eded || 't͡ʃanded
 |}

2017-12-18T22:16:57Z

Verbs

@@ Line 322: / Line 322: @@
 |-
 | far future || -sar
 |}

2017-12-18T21:35:17Z

Tense and Aspect

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:35, 18 December 2017
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	====Tense and Aspect====		====Tense and Aspect====
			There are four values for the past tense ; two values for the present, one of which corresponds rather to the progressive aspect ; and three values for the future, one of which corresponds rather to the inchoative aspect.
			{\| class="wikitable"
			\|-
			! Value !! Affix
			\|-
			\| immemorial past \|\| -suʃ
			\|-
			\| further past \|\| -fa
			\|-
			\| recent past \|\| -te
			\|-
			\| earlier in the day \|\| -kate ; -kaʔ
			\|-
			\| going on / progressive \|\| kiŋa ; -ŋa
			\|-
			\| present, habitual present \|\| -
			\|-
			\| about to start / inchoative \|\| -koa
			\|-
			\| near future \|\| -re
			\|-
			\| far future \|\| -sar
			\|}

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

2017-12-18T21:25:40Z

Morphology

@@ Line 200: / Line 200: @@
 -->
-===Noun===
+===Nouns===
 Hútala has so-called noun classes. There are 12 singular noun classes and 12 corresponding plural noun classes. They are numbered as follows : CL1a to CL12a for the singular, and CL1b to CL12b for the plural. Class is marked on the noun by a prefix ; every noun belongs to one class, often following some semantic grouping. Adjectives and verbs agree in class with the noun and are marked in the same way.
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 244: / Line 244: @@
 | unknown/new ; specific || -t͡se
 |}
 ==Syntax==