Kṽarna - Revision history

Chrysophylax: Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

2017-01-20T02:30:50Z

Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:30, 20 January 2017
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	lañ-ø zuğ-ẽo venų-ğẽo-mo <br />		lañ-ø zuğ-ẽo venų-ğẽo-mo <br />
	2SG-INS speak-PRS.1SG friend-1SG-GEN<br />		2SG-INS speak-PRS.1SG friend-1SG-GEN<br />
	[[Category:~~Conlangs~~]]		[[Category:Languages]]
	[[Category:A posteriori]]		[[Category:A posteriori]]
	[[Category:Languages]]		[[Category:Languages]]

Jeytas at 16:57, 12 December 2015

2015-12-12T16:57:53Z

Show changes

Jeytas at 16:39, 12 December 2015

2015-12-12T16:39:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:39, 12 December 2015
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	The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "gu"		The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "gu"

	ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧagu (past stem)		ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧagu (past stem)<br />
			ŧagṽẽo¹ (I was)<br />
	ŧagṽẽo¹ (I was)		ŧagulaña (you were)<br />

	ŧagulaña (you were)

	¹When the pronoun start with a vowel, the "u" is being replaced with a ṽ		¹When the pronoun start with a vowel, the "u" is being replaced with a ṽ
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	The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "la"		The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "la"

	ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧala (future stem)		ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧala (future stem)<br />
			ŧalağẽo (I will be)<br />
			ŧalalaña (you will be)<br />

	~~ŧalağẽo (I will be)~~

	~~ŧalalaña (you will be)~~		=== Negation ===
			Negation is indicated by a „đa“ directly after the stem of the verb.

			'''I do not like being in school'''<br />
	~~=== Negation ===~~		Ẽojẽo koli gamađağẽo đağa<br />
	~~To negate a sentence, the prefix nää~~- ~~is added to the verb~~. ~~An example: "Ikka nää~~-~~wõri" [ɪka nɛ:~~'~~wø:ri]=~~ I am not.		Ẽo-jẽo koli gama-đa-ğ-ẽo đa-ğa<br />
			''1SG-ALL school like-NEG-ğ-PRS.1SG be.inside-INF''<br />
			I-to school like-not-I be inside<br />
			Me school not like to be inside<br />

	=== Questions ===		=== Questions ===

Jeytas at 16:36, 12 December 2015

2015-12-12T16:36:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:36, 12 December 2015
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	=== Conjugation ===		=== Conjugation ===
	Presens Conjugation		==== Presens Conjugation ====
	ŧağa → to be		ŧağa → to be
	-ğa is the stem of the verb. If the pronouns starts with a vowel (e.g. Ẽo), then the "ğ" stays. For any other case, the "ğa" is removed completly, and the pronoun is added to the remaining verb		-ğa is the stem of the verb. If the pronouns starts with a vowel (e.g. Ẽo), then the "ğ" stays. For any other case, the "ğa" is removed completly, and the pronoun is added to the remaining verb
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	ŧağa → ŧa(ğ) → ŧağẽo (I am) → ŧalaña (you are)		ŧağa → ŧa(ğ) → ŧağẽo (I am) → ŧalaña (you are)

	Past Conjugation		====Past Conjugation====
	The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "gu"		The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "gu"

	ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧagu (past stem)		ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧagu (past stem)
	~~ŧagṽẽo~~ (I was)
			ŧagṽẽo¹ (I was)

	ŧagulaña (you were)		ŧagulaña (you were)

			¹When the pronoun start with a vowel, the "u" is being replaced with a ṽ

	Future Conjugation		====Future Conjugation====
	The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "la"		The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "la"

	ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧala (future stem)		ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧala (future stem)

	ŧalağẽo (I will be)		ŧalağẽo (I will be)

	ŧalalaña (you will be)		ŧalalaña (you will be)

Jeytas at 16:33, 12 December 2015

2015-12-12T16:33:49Z

Show changes

Jeytas: Created page with "= Kṽarna = {{Infobox language |name = Kwarna |nativename = Kṽarna |pronunciation = [kʍarnɐ] |fam1 = Language isolate |script = Latin script with additions |notice = IPA..."

2015-12-12T16:19:53Z

Created page with "= Kṽarna = {{Infobox language |name = Kwarna |nativename = Kṽarna |pronunciation = [kʍarnɐ] |fam1 = Language isolate |script = Latin script with additions |notice = IPA..."

New page

= Kṽarna =
{{Infobox language
|name = Kwarna
|nativename = Kṽarna
|pronunciation = [kʍarnɐ]
|fam1 = Language isolate
|script = Latin script with additions
|notice = IPA
|creator = Marvin Johanning
|created = 2015
|agency= [http://jeiios.de/institute/index.php Institute for Jeïos]
|speakers=
|date=2015
|setting=Used for official documents of the Institute for Jeïos, personal use

}}

=== History ===

== Phonology ==
All vowels can be long. The vowels in paratheses are borrowed from other languages and are not native
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
|Close
|i (y)
|
|u
|-
|Mid
|e (ø) ɛ
|ə
|ɔ o
|-
|Open
|a
|ɐ
|
|}

{| class="wikitable"
!
!Bilibial
!Labiodental
!Dental
!Alveolar
!Post-alveolar
!Palatal
!Velar
!Uvular
!Glottal
|-
|Nasal
|m
|
|
|n
|
|
|ŋ
|
|
|-
|Plosive
|p b
|
|
|t d
|
|
|k g
|
|
|-
|Affricative
|
|
|
|t͡s
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Fricative
|
|f v
|
|s z
|ʃ
|
|
|
|h
|-
|Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|j
|w
|
|
|-
|Trill
|
|
|
|r r̥
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Lateral fric.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Lateral app.
|
|
|
|l
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Flap
|
|
|
|ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Ortography ==
Kõraakii uses the English alphabet, but with a few extra letters added and a few removed. <br/>
a ã ä b c d e f g h i j k l m n o õ ő p r s t u ũ ű ů v w (y) z<br/>
The double letters in words (e.g tuuka) are used to indicate a long vowel, and a double consonant usually represents a short vowel (e.g hitta). Some of the special letters
have their own short or long version.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Long !! Short !! Pronunciation
|-
| Õ || Ő || [ø:]; [œ]
|-
| Ũ || Ű || [y:]; [ʏ]
|}

== Grammar ==

=== Pronouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
!English
!Kõraakii
|-
|I
|Ikka [ɪka]
|-
|You
|Tuuka [tu:ka]
|-
|He
|Hitta [hɪta]
|-
|She
|Siika [si:ka]
|-
|It
|Ässa [ɛsa]
|-
|One
|Mäka [mɛ:ka]
|-
|We
|Vűkka [vʏka]
|-
|You (pl.)
|nůkka [nɔʏka]
|-
|They
|täika [tɛika]
|}

To indicate posession, the suffix -sse is added
{| class="wikitable"
!English
!Kõraakii
|-
|Mine
|Ikkasse
|-
|Your
|Tuukasse
|-
|His
|Hittasse
|-
|Her
|Siikasse
|-
|Its
|Ässasse
|-
|Ones
|Mäkasse
|-
|Our
|Vűkkasse
|-
|Your (pl.)
|nůkkasse
|-
|Their
|täikasse
|}

=== Articles ===
There are, technically, no articles in Kõraakii. There is an ending for "the" and an ending for "a". If you want to, for example, say "a cool house", then you write "kuusinon kuulikki" (a house cool), or "the cool language" is "taalinũn kuulikki" (the language cool). And these endings are the same for every word. If you want to have a plural "the", then you simply use the plural form of a noun (by adding -neen) and add (n)ũn. An example, "the languages" would be "taalineenũn".

=== Conjugation ===
There is no conjungation, that means, if there is a verb, you do not change it for any person. Let's take the word wõri [wø:ri] (to be). If you want to say "You are", you write "Tuuka wõri" [Tu:ka wø:ri] and so on. To indicate past and future, prefixes are added. These are cã- for past and ců- for future. An example: "Ikka cãgjőrikka" [ɪka t͡sæ'gjoerika] = I did.

=== Negation ===
To negate a sentence, the prefix nää- is added to the verb. An example: "Ikka nää-wõri" [ɪka nɛ:'wø:ri]= I am not.

=== Questions ===
To indicate a question, the word order is changed (like in English) and the suffix -zõ is added onto the verb. An example: Ikka wõri = I am<br/>
Wõrizõ ikka? [wø:ri'zø: ɪka] = Am I?

[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori]]
[[Category:Languages]]