Kukʉp - Revision history

Z2a at 15:15, 6 October 2017

2017-10-06T15:15:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:15, 6 October 2017
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	\|fam2 =Ongo Xeutyhuflone		\|fam2 =Ongo Xeutyhuflone
	\|fam3 =		\|fam3 =
	\|ancestor =~~Old Kukʉp~~		\|ancestor =Akʉlehe
	\|script =Ongo (Kukʉp alphabet)		\|script =Ongo (Kukʉp alphabet)
	\|creator =[[User:Z2a\|z2a]]		\|creator =[[User:Z2a\|z2a]]

Z2a: /* Verbs */

2017-10-06T14:34:24Z

Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:34, 6 October 2017
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	===Verbs===		===Verbs===
	Kukʉp verbs don't use ~~perfect aspects or~~ indicative mood (past, present, or future tense). Instead, those details are determined through context.		Kukʉp verbs don't use indicative mood (past, present, or future tense). Instead, those details are determined through context.
			* Perfect aspect -- uses the word ''''reletʉ'''' before the main verb -- ''"have studied"'' or reletʉ petʉp
	* Progressive aspect -- ~~Suffix:~~ '''~~-(i)r~~''' ~~/-(i)ɾ/~~ -- ''"am studying"'' or ~~petʉpir~~		* Progressive aspect -- uses the word ''''tip'''' before the main verb -- ''"am studying"'' or tip petʉp
	* Imperative -- ~~Suffix:~~ '''~~-(e)~~ni''' ~~/ɛni/~~ -- ''"study!" (as a command)'' or ~~petʉpeni~~		* Imperative -- uses the word '''' ni' '''' before the main verb -- ''"study!" (as a command)'' or ni' petʉp
	* Negation -- ~~Uses~~ the ~~particle~~ '''u'~~'' /u/ before main~~ verb ~~phrase~~		* Negation -- adds the suffix -(ʉ)ho /-(ʉ)hɒ/ to the verb -- ''"do not study"'' or petʉpʉho
			**Tense affixes come between the root verb and the progressive affix

	==Vocabulary==		==Vocabulary==

Z2a: /* Personal Pronouns */

2017-10-06T14:03:12Z

Personal Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:03, 6 October 2017
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	!1st. Singular		!1st. Singular
	\|I		\|I
	\|'''lo''' /lo/		\|'''lo''' /lɒ/
	\|me		\|me
	\|'''~~lor~~''' /~~loɾ~~/		\|'''le''' /lɛ/
	\|mine		\|mine
	\|'''le''' /le/		\|'''li''' /li/
	\|to me		\|to me
	\|'''lo e''' /~~lo ɛ~~/		\|'''lo li''' /lɒ li/
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd. Singular		!2nd. Singular
	\|you		\|you
	\|'''~~let~~''' /~~let~~/		\|'''po''' /po/
	\|you		\|you
	\|'''~~leh~~''' /~~leh~~/		\|'''pem''' /pem/
	\|yours		\|yours
	\|'''~~lep~~''' /~~lɛp~~/		\|'''pep''' /pɛp/
	\|to you		\|to you
	\|'''~~let e~~''' /~~let ɛ~~/		\|'''po li''' /po li/
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd. Singular		!3rd. Singular
	\|he/she/it		\|he/she/it
	\|'''pu''' /pu/		\|'''vit''' /wit/
	\|him/her/it		\|him/her/it
	\|'''~~pʉn~~''' /~~pʉn~~/		\|'''ven''' /wɛn/
	\|his/hers/its		\|his/hers/its
	\|'''~~pur~~''' /~~pur~~/		\|'''vem''' /wem/
	\|to him/her/it		\|to him/her/it
	\|'''~~pu e~~''' /~~pu ɛ~~/		\|'''vit li''' /wit li/
	\|-		\|-
	!1st. Plural		!1st. Plural
	\|we		\|we
	\|'''lʉ''' /lʉ/		\|'''he''' /hɛ/
	\|us		\|us
	\|'''~~lʉt~~''' /~~lʉt~~/		\|'''hup''' /hup/
	\|ours		\|ours
	\|'''~~lʉn~~''' /~~lʉn~~/		\|'''hu''' /hu/
	\|to us		\|to us
	\|'''~~lʉ e~~''' /~~lʉ ɛ~~/		\|'''he li''' /hɛ li/
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd. Plural		!2nd. Plural
	\|you		\|you
	\|'''ʉ''' /ʉ/		\|'''rok''' /ɾot/
	\|you		\|you
	\|'''hʉ''' /hʉ/		\|'''rov''' /ɾov/
	\|yours		\|yours
	\|'''ʉp''' /ʉp/		\|'''ro'''' /ɾoʔ/
	\|to you		\|to you
	\|'''~~ʉ e~~''' /~~ʉ ɛ~~/		\|'''rok li''' /ɾot li/
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd. Plural		!3rd. Plural
	\|they		\|they
	\|'''o''' /ɒ/		\|'''i''' /i/
	\|them		\|them
	\|'''o'''' /ɒʔ/		\|'''in''' /in/
	\|theirs		\|theirs
	\|'''ho'''' /~~hɒʔ~~/		\|''''in''' /ʔin/
	\|to them		\|to them
	\|'''~~o e~~''' /~~ɒ ɛ~~/		\|'''i li''' /i li/
	\|}		\|}

Z2a: /* Definite Article */

2017-10-06T13:49:27Z

Definite Article

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 6 October 2017
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	\|'''no'''' /noʔ/		\|'''no'''' /noʔ/
	\|}		\|}
			Uses of definite article that differ from English:
			*Used to talk about countable nouns in general: English's ‘I like cats’ would translate to ‘I like the cats’
			*Not used for mass (uncountable) nouns: English's ‘Walking in the mud’ would always translate to ‘Walking in mud’
			*Used for languages: ‘The English’
			*Used with place names: ‘The London’

	====Indefinite Article====		====Indefinite Article====

Z2a: /* Definite Article */

2017-10-06T13:44:09Z

Definite Article

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:44, 6 October 2017
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	!Person		!Person
	\|the [child]		\|the [child]
	\|'''~~lil~~''' /~~lil~~/		\|'''kit''' /kit/
	\|the [children]		\|the [children]
	\|'''~~ril~~''' /~~ɾil~~/		\|'''kit''' /kit/
	\|-		\|-
	!Land		!Land
	\|the [tree]		\|the [tree]
	\|'''~~hom~~''' /~~hɒm~~/		\|'''men''' /men/
	\|the [trees]		\|the [trees]
	\|'''~~‘om~~''' /~~ʔɒm~~/		\|'''men''' /men/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sea		!Sea
	\|the [fish]		\|the [fish]
	\|'''~~nan~~''' /~~nan~~/		\|'''ket''' /kɛt/
	\|the [fishes]		\|the [fishes]
	\|'''~~nam~~''' /~~nam~~/		\|'''ket''' /kɛt/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sky		!Sky
	\|the [bird]		\|the [bird]
	\|'''~~kow~~''' /~~kow~~/		\|'''ting''' /tiŋ/
	\|the [birds]		\|the [birds]
	\|'''~~kuw~~''' /~~kuw~~/		\|'''ting''' /tiŋ/
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="4"\|Ergative		! rowspan="4"\|Ergative
	!Person		!Person
	\|the [child]		\|the [child]
	\|'''~~'ul~~''' /~~ʔul~~/		\|'''wit''' /wit/
	\|the [children]		\|the [children]
	\|'''~~hul~~''' /~~hul~~/		\|'''vin''' /win/
	\|-		\|-
	!Land		!Land
	\|the [tree]		\|the [tree]
	\|'''~~hup~~''' /~~hup~~/		\|'''man''' /man/
	\|the [trees]		\|the [trees]
	\|'''~~rup~~''' /~~ɾup~~/		\|'''wen''' /wen/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sea		!Sea
	\|the [fish]		\|the [fish]
	\|'''~~kan~~''' /~~kan~~/		\|'''kow''' /kow/
	\|the [fishes]		\|the [fishes]
	\|'''~~kel~~''' /~~kɛl~~/		\|''''ak''' /ʔat/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sky		!Sky
	\|the [bird]		\|the [bird]
	\|'''~~tow~~''' /~~tow~~/		\|'''tin''' /tin/
	\|the [birds]		\|the [birds]
	\|''''aw''' /~~ʔaw~~/		\|'''no'''' /noʔ/
	\|}		\|}

Z2a: /* Noun Morphology */

2017-10-06T13:28:05Z

Noun Morphology

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:28, 6 October 2017
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	!Person		!Person
	\|child		\|child
	\|Suffix: '''-a''' /-a/<br />'''~~nevoa~~''' /~~ne’vɒa~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(o)t''' /-(ɒ)t/<br />'''nevot''' /'nevɒt/
	\|children		\|children
	\|Suffix: '''-(ʉ)re''' /~~ʉɾe~~/<br />'''~~nevore~~''' /~~ne’vɒɾe~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(e)'''' /-(e)ʔ/<br />'''nevo'''' /'nevɒʔ/
	\|-		\|-
	!Land		!Land
	\|tree		\|tree
	\|Suffix: '''-(i)t''' /-(i)t/<br />'''~~erkut~~''' /~~ɛɾ’kut~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(e)v''' /-(e)v/<br />'''erkuv''' /'ɛɾkuv/
	\|trees		\|trees
	\|Suffix: '''-(ʉ)'''t /-(ʉ)t/<br />'''~~erkut~~''' /~~ɛɾ’kut~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(u)wi''' /-(u)wi/<br />'''erkuwi''' /ɛɾ’kuwi/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sea		!Sea
	\|fish		\|fish
	\|Suffix: '''-(o)v''' /-(ɒ)v/<br />'''~~ʉrev~~''' /~~’ʉɾɛv~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(o)t''' /-(o)t/<br />'''kuret''' /’kuɾɛt/
	\|fishes		\|fishes
	\|Suffix: '''-(ʉ)' ''' /-(ʉ)ʔ/<br />'''~~ʉre’~~ ''' /~~’ʉɾɛʔ~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(o)'o''' /-(o)ʔo/<br />'''kure’o ''' /ku'ɾɛʔo/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sky		!Sky
	\|bird		\|bird
	\|Suffix: '''-i''' /-i/<br />'''~~roii~~''' /~~ɾo’ii~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(u)p''' /-(u)p/<br />'''roip''' /'ɾoip/
	\|birds		\|birds
	\|Suffix: '''-(u)p''' /-(u)p/<br />'''~~roip~~''' /~~’ɾoip~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(ɒ)v''' /-(ɒ)v/<br />'''roiv''' /’ɾoiv/
	\|}		\|}

Z2a: /* Noun Morphology */

2017-10-06T04:14:37Z

Noun Morphology

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:14, 6 October 2017
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	\|'''nevo''' /’nevɒ/		\|'''nevo''' /’nevɒ/
	\|children		\|children
	\|Suffix: '''-(e)t''' /-(ɛ)t/<br />'''~~nevot~~''' /~~’nevɒt~~/		\|Suffix: '''-(e)v''' /-(ɛ)v/<br />'''nevov''' /’nevɒv/
	\|-		\|-
	!Land		!Land
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	\|'''erku''' /’ɛɾku/		\|'''erku''' /’ɛɾku/
	\|trees		\|trees
	\|Suffix: '''-~~(u)ri~~''' /-~~(u)ɾi~~/<br />'''~~erkuri~~''' /~~ɛɾ’kuɾi~~/		\|Suffix: '''-a''' /-a/<br />'''erkua''' /ɛɾ’kua/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sea		!Sea
	\|fish		\|fish
	\|'''~~ʉre~~''' /~~’ʉɾɛ~~/		\|'''kure''' /’kuɾɛ/
	\|fishes		\|fishes
	\|Suffix: '''-~~(ʉ)p~~''' /-~~(ʉ)p~~/<br />'''~~ʉrep~~''' /~~’ʉɾɛp~~/		\|Suffix: '''-i''' /-i/<br />'''kurei''' /’kuɾɛi/
	\|-		\|-
	!Sky		!Sky
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	\|'''roi''' /’ɾoi/		\|'''roi''' /’ɾoi/
	\|birds		\|birds
	\|Suffix: '''-~~(u)re~~''' /~~uɾe~~/<br />'''~~roire~~''' /~~ɾo’iɾe~~/		\|Suffix: '''-ʉ''' /-ʉ/<br />'''roiʉ''' /ɾo’iʉ/
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="4"\|Ergative		! rowspan="4"\|Ergative

Z2a: /* Vocabulary */

2017-10-06T04:02:02Z

Vocabulary

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:02, 6 October 2017
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	==Vocabulary==		==Vocabulary==
			Useful phrases
			{\| class="wikitable sortable"
			\|-
			! English !! Kukʉp \|\| IPA
			\|-
			\| Welcome \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Hello (General greeting) \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| How are you? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Reply to "how are you?" \|\| * ("Still alive") \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| What's your name? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| My name is ... \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Where are you from? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| I'm from ... \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Pleased to meet you \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Good morning (Morning greeting) \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Good afternoon (Afternoon greeting) \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Good evening (Evening greeting) \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Goodbye (Parting phrase \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Good night \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Good luck! \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Cheers! Good health! (Toasts used when drinking) \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Bon appetit/ Have a nice meal \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| I understand \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| I don't understand \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Yes \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| No \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Maybe \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| I don't know \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Please speak more slowly \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Please write it down \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Do you speak English? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Do you speak Kukʉp?\|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Yes, a little (reply to "Do you speak...?") \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Speak to me in *** \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| How do you say ... in **? \|\| \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Excuse me \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| How much is this? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Sorry \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Please \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Thank you \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Reply to thank you \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Where's the toilet? \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| I love you \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Get well soon \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Help! \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Fire! \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Stop! \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Christmas and New Year greetings \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Easter greetings \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| Birthday greetings \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| One language is never enough \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|-
			\| My hovercraft is full of eels \|\| * \|\| /’evɒ/
			\|}

	===See also===		===See also===

Z2a: /* Grammar */

2017-09-18T00:34:46Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:34, 18 September 2017
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	Kukʉp uses Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb for word order, with adjectives placed before nouns and suffixes used when adpositions are necessary.		Kukʉp uses Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb for word order, with adjectives placed before nouns and suffixes used when adpositions are necessary.

	* "Mary opened the red door with a key" = ''Mary with a key the red door opened.'' (or "Marya kep evo nihue lil a'o ~~vopuk~~ kutet.")		* "Mary opened the red door with a key" = ''Mary with a key the red door opened.'' (or "Marya kep evo nihue lil a'o inu kutet.")

	===Nouns===		===Nouns===

Z2a: /* Grammar */

2017-09-18T00:33:16Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:33, 18 September 2017
Line 164:		Line 164:
	Kukʉp uses Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb for word order, with adjectives placed before nouns and suffixes used when adpositions are necessary.		Kukʉp uses Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb for word order, with adjectives placed before nouns and suffixes used when adpositions are necessary.

	* "Mary opened the red door with a key" = ''Mary with a key the red door opened.'' (or "Marya kep evo ~~wawʉt~~ lil a'o vopuk kutet.")		* "Mary opened the red door with a key" = ''Mary with a key the red door opened.'' (or "Marya kep evo nihue lil a'o vopuk kutet.")

	===Nouns===		===Nouns===