Universal Languages - Revision history

Aquatiki: redirect

2025-11-14T14:00:00Z

redirect

Aquatiki: /* WALS */

2025-02-15T17:06:32Z

WALS

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:06, 15 February 2025
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	\|-		\|-
	! Script		! Script
	\| <abbr title="Runes">ᚠᛋ</abbr> \|\| Latin \|\| <abbr title="Cyrillic">Кирил</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Greek">Ελλην</abbr> \|\| ~~𐲥𐳀𐳘𐳂𐳛𐳔𐳁~~		\| <abbr title="Runes">ᚱᚢᚾᛖ</abbr> \|\| Latin \|\| <abbr title="Cyrillic">Кирил</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Greek">Ελλην</abbr> \|\| 𐲥𐳀𐳘𐳂𐳛𐳔
	\| <abbr title="Brāhmi">𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀻</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Kaithi">𑂍𑂶𑂟𑂲</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Shinjitai/Hangǔl">{{Ruby\|新字体\|신지테}}</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Lontara">~~ᨒᨚᨈᨑ~~</abbr>		\| <abbr title="Brāhmi">𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀻</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Kaithi">𑂍𑂶𑂟𑂲</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Shinjitai/Hangǔl">{{Ruby\|新字体\|신지테}}</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Lontara">ᨒᨚᨈ</abbr>
	\| Burm \|\| <abbr title="N'Ko">ߒߞߏ</abbr> \|\| [[File:Ditema.svg\|35px\|Ditema]] \|\| ግዕዝ \|\| ~~ܣܘܪܝܝܐ~~		\| Burm \|\| <abbr title="N'Ko">ߒߞߏ</abbr> \|\| [[File:Ditema.svg\|35px\|Ditema]] \|\| ግዕዝ \|\| ܣܘܪܝܝ
	\| 𐬰𐬈𐬥𐬯		\| 𐬰𐬈𐬥𐬯
	\| 𐰪𐰀𐰞𐰯𐰃		\| 𐰪𐰀𐰞𐰯𐰃

Aquatiki: /* WALS */

2025-02-15T17:03:18Z

WALS

Aquatiki: /* WALS */

2025-02-15T13:46:41Z

WALS

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:46, 15 February 2025
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	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Word Order (predominant) WALS 81A">WO</abbr>		! <abbr title="Word Order (predominant) WALS 81A">WO</abbr>
	\| {{Some\|V2}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| \|\| {{~~Some~~\|~~VSO~~}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}}		\| {{Some\|V2}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Evidentiality (marked on verb) WALS 7">Ev.</abbr>		! <abbr title="Evidentiality (marked on verb) WALS 7">Ev.</abbr>

Aquatiki at 18:38, 10 February 2025

2025-02-10T18:38:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:38, 10 February 2025
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	We propose that the world would be better off with ~ 15 Universal Languages.		We propose that the world would be better off with ~ 15 Universal Languages (UL). A UL is an International Auxiliary Language (IAL) with a seatbelt. Rather than attempting one IAL for all people, we propose that each UL be suited to the culture and language of a region of the world, respecting naturally arisen boundaries and divisions.

	== Justification ==		== Justification ==
	In the future, regional unity and pride will be seen as desirable, in ~~order not~~ to ~~lose indigenous~~ cultures and ~~languages~~. Esperanto is a fine idea, but it ~~scrubs through~~ many of the important differences of ~~regions and cultures~~. A slightly finer grain of ~~distinction~~ yields approximately 15 world languages, as seen below. Within each zone, the ~~Universal Language~~ is taught and mandatory, but no one group or culture claims it as ~~there~~ own. Each ~~Universal Language~~ is a kind of abstraction, an easy to learn language for everyone in the zone, but an artificial ~~creation~~ unlike natural languages. It is a kind of neutral meeting ground, a no-man's land. Nevertheless, for outsiders, learning a ~~Universal Language~~ is a gateway into grammar and vocabulary for each zone.		In the future, regional unity and pride will be seen as desirable. This will be in contradistinction to the 18th through 20th century approaches of Nationalism, which made endless wars and suppressed regionalisms, cultures and language. Esperanto was a fine idea, but it scrubbed across many of the important differences, even just whither broader Europe. The quasi-sprachbund of Standard Average European does not extend to most Slavic nations, so one language to rule them all must be an over-simplification. A slightly finer grain of distinctions yields approximately 15 world languages, as seen below. Within each zone, the UL is taught and mandatory, but no one group or culture claims it as their own. Each UL is a kind of abstraction, an easy to learn language for everyone in the zone, but an artificial golem, unlike natural languages. It is a kind of neutral meeting ground, a no-man's land. Nevertheless, for outsiders, learning a UL is a gateway into grammar and vocabulary for each zone. For insiders, it bridges the gap of "there is no I hate more than the person who is close to me, but still so distant".

	While implementation will take time, there can be several phases to helping promote region cooperation and ''esprit de corps''. 1) the language is taught in school electively. Concordantly, "World English" and other attempts to make individual, ~~natural~~ languages ~~which belong to~~ a ~~particular people group become the~~ ''lingua franca'' ~~of any region~~ must stop. 2) Ph.D's and scientific journals must be written in a ~~Universal Language~~. Parallel versions in the regional language and the ~~Universal Language~~ are published side by side. 3) Public education and progressively public signage are written in the ~~Universal Language~~. Nothing local or indigenous is ever replaced, but anything with international reach or goals must be communicated in a ~~Universal Language~~. 4) Finally, the unique writing system of each region (where it isn't already being deployed) is introduced, replacing the reign of Latin or other writing systems.		While implementation will take time, there can be several phases to helping promote region cooperation and ''esprit de corps''. 1) the language is taught in school electively. Concordantly, "World English" and other attempts to make individual, national languages a ''lingua franca'' must stop. 2) Ph.D's and scientific journals must be written in a UL. Parallel versions in the regional language and the UL are published side by side. 3) Public education and progressively public signage are written in the UL. Nothing local or indigenous is ever replaced, but anything with international reach or goals must be communicated in a UL. 4) Finally, the unique writing system of each region (where it isn't already being deployed) is introduced, replacing the reign of Latin or other non-indigenous writing systems.

	== Map ==		== Map ==
	[[File:Aquatiki map.png\|1000px]]		[[File:Aquatiki map.png\|1000px]]

	The effects of European colonization as evident as [[Intralingua]] (Romance, in blue) and [[Folksprak]] (Germanic, in red) are spread across the globe. The dark green of [[Interslavic]] sprawls across into Asia, but, of course, the population is actually quite thin. The bright green of [[Jalpi]] (Turkic) interweaves through Central Asia, as does the dark green-grey of [[Samboka]] (Finno-Ugric). Returning to Europe, we see the [[Balkan]] sprachbund has its own language, as does the disputed region of the Caucasus, i.e. [[User:Aquatiki/Caucas\|Caucas]].		The effects of European colonization as evident as [[Intralingua]] (Romance, in blue) and [[Folksprak]] (Germanic, in red) are spread across the globe. The dark green of [[Interslavic]] sprawls across Eastern Europe into Asia, but, of course, the population is actually quite thin. The bright green of [[Jalpi]] (Turkic) interweaves through Central Asia, as does the dark green-grey of [[Samboka]] (Finno-Ugric). Returning to Europe, we see the [[Balkan]] sprachbund has its own language, as does the disputed region of the Caucasus, i.e. [[User:Aquatiki/Caucas\|Caucas]].

	Moving towards India, we see the former Persian Empire, in the form of [[User:Aquatiki/Zens\|Zens]]. Perhaps a greater degree of unity would be possible in the future, but for now, we divide the Indian sub-continent into [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|Neo-Sanskrit]] and [[User:Aquatiki/Dravindian\|Dravindian]]. Continuing east, we see that Maritime Southeast Asia, and [[User:Aquatiki/MSEAL\|Mainland Southeast Asia]] each have their own language, as does the Sinosphere ([[Dan'a'yo\|CJKV]]).		Moving towards India, we see the former Persian Empire, in the form of [[User:Aquatiki/Zens\|Zens]]. Perhaps a greater degree of unity would be possible in the future, but for now, we divide the Indian sub-continent into [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|Neo-Sanskrit]] and [[User:Aquatiki/Dravindian\|Dravindian]]. Continuing east, we see that Maritime Southeast Asia, and [[User:Aquatiki/MSEAL\|Mainland Southeast Asia]] each have their own language, as does the Sinosphere ([[Dan'a'yo\|CJKV]]).
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	\| [[w:Sinosphere\|Sinosphere]]		\| [[w:Sinosphere\|Sinosphere]]
	\| 1500		\| 1500
	\| Take the phonology of ~~Old~~ Korean, a writing-system of Japanese, and the syntax of Middle Chinese, and ~~you've got~~ a simplified, logical language equally comprehensible to all the relevant parties.		\| Take the phonology of Middle Korean, the writing-system of Japanese kanji, and the syntax of Middle Chinese, and there is a simplified, logical language equally comprehensible to all of the relevant parties.
	\|-		\|-
	! [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|Neo-Sanskrit]]		! [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|Neo-Sanskrit]]
	\| [[w:Hindi Belt\|Hindi Belt]]		\| [[w:Hindi Belt\|Hindi Belt]]
	\| 1400		\| 1400
	\| ~~Harkening~~ back to the good 'ol ~~day~~, we have created language understandable to any Indo-Aryan speaker. It will be written in a script from which hundreds are descended today.		\| Hearkening back to the good 'ol days, we have created language understandable to any Indo-Aryan speaker. It will be written in a script from which hundreds are descended today.
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Intralingua]]		! [[Intralingua]]

Aquatiki: /* Table */

2022-07-09T14:50:13Z

Table

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:50, 9 July 2022
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	== Table ==		== Table ==
	{\| {{Table/bluetable}}		{\| {{Table/bluetable}}
	\|+ Universal Languages		\|+ Universal Languages
	! Name		! Name
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	\|-		\|-
	! [[Balkan]]		! [[Balkan]]
	\| [[w:Balkans]]		\| [[w:Balkans\|Balkans]]
	\| 60		\| 60
	\| Through a long history of living together, an indisputable sprachbund exists in the area. Greek letters make a neutral writing system.		\| Through a long history of living together, an indisputable sprachbund exists in the area. Greek letters make a neutral writing system.
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	\| [[w:Caucasia\|Caucasia]]		\| [[w:Caucasia\|Caucasia]]
	\| 23		\| 23
	\| ~~Maybe~~ not a sprachbund, but ~~needs unifying~~		\| May not a meet the definition of a sprachbund, but can be unified
	\|}		\|}

Aquatiki: /* Table */ typo

2019-04-12T11:15:43Z

Table: typo

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 12 April 2019
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	\| The eastern region of Africa is dominated by Swahili at present, but it is not a neutral language. An auxiliary language was created for Pan-African purposes.		\| The eastern region of Africa is dominated by Swahili at present, but it is not a neutral language. An auxiliary language was created for Pan-African purposes.
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Indo-Malaysian]]		! [[User:Aquatiki/Indo-Malaysian\|Indo-Malaysian]]
	\| [[w:Maritime Southeast Asia\|East Indies]]		\| [[w:Maritime Southeast Asia\|East Indies]]
	\| 380		\| 380

Aquatiki: swadesh gets its own subpage

2019-04-09T11:29:26Z

swadesh gets its own subpage

Show changes

Aquatiki: cat

2018-12-23T03:26:00Z

cat

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:26, 23 December 2018
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	Additionally, only the languages of India have '''breathy consonants''', only AM and MSEAL have '''obligatory subjects''', and only Caucas has '''labialized velars'''. Only East Asian languages have '''classifiers'''.		Additionally, only the languages of India have '''breathy consonants''', only AM and MSEAL have '''obligatory subjects''', and only Caucas has '''labialized velars'''. Only East Asian languages have '''classifiers'''.








	[[Category:Universal Languages]]		[[Category:Universal Languages]]
			{{Aquatiki}}

Aquatiki: Swadesh, WALS

2018-12-22T15:05:19Z

Swadesh, WALS

Show changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 15 February 2025
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	! colspan="3" \| Central Asia		! colspan="3" \| Central Asia
	\|-		\|-
	! !! {{Rune\|[[Folksprak\|ᚠᛋ]]}} !! [[Intralingua\|IL]] !! [[Interslavic\|слов]] !! [[Balkan\| Βαλκ]] !! [[Samboka\|Sam]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Dravindian\|Drav]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|NSS]] !! [[Dan'a'yo\|単]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Indo-Malaysian\|IM]] !! <small>[[User:Aquatiki/MSEAL\|MSEAL]]</small> !! [[Guosa\|Guo]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Kintu\|K]] !! <small>[[User:Aquatiki/SEDES\|SEDES]]</small> !! [[Middle Semitic\|MS]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Zens\|Zens]] !! [[Jalpi]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Caucas\|კავ]]		! !! {{Rune\|[[Folksprak\|ᚠᛋ]]}} !! [[Intralingua\|IL]] !! [[Interslavic\|слов]] !! [[Balkan\| Βαλκ]] !! [[Samboka\|Sam]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Dravindian\|Drav]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Neo-Sanskrit\|NSS]] !! [[Dan'a'yo\|単]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Indo-Malaysian\|IM]] !! <small>[[User:Aquatiki/MSEAL\|MSEAL]]</small> !! [[Guosa\|Guo]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Kintu\|Kintu]] !! <small>[[User:Aquatiki/SEDES\|SEDES]]</small> !! [[Middle Semitic\|MS]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Zens\|Zens]] !! [[Jalpi]] !! [[User:Aquatiki/Caucas\|კავ]]
			\|-
			! Script
			\| <abbr title="Runes">ᚠᛋ</abbr> \|\| Latin \|\| <abbr title="Cyrillic">Кирил</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Greek">Ελλην</abbr> \|\| 𐲥𐳀𐳘𐳂𐳛𐳔𐳁
			\| <abbr title="Brāhmi">𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀻</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Kaithi">𑂍𑂶𑂟𑂲</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Shinjitai/Hangǔl">{{Ruby\|新字体\|신지테}}</abbr> \|\| <abbr title="Lontara">ᨒᨚᨈᨑ</abbr>
			\| Burm \|\| <abbr title="N'Ko">ߒߞߏ</abbr> \|\| [[File:Ditema.svg\|35px\|Ditema]] \|\| ግዕዝ \|\| ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
			\| 𐬰𐬈𐬥𐬯
			\| 𐰪𐰀𐰞𐰯𐰃
			\| 𐕒𐕡𐔳𐔼𐕎
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Arm vs Hand, # of words WALS 129A">arm</abbr>		! <abbr title="Arm vs Hand, # of words WALS 129A">arm</abbr>
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	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Word Order (predominant) WALS 81A">WO</abbr>		! <abbr title="Word Order (predominant) WALS 81A">WO</abbr>
	\| {{Some\|V2}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|~~SOV~~}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}}		\| {{Some\|V2}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| {{Some\|VSO}} \|\| \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{Yes\|SVO}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}} \|\| {{No\|SOV}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Evidentiality (marked on verb) WALS 7">Ev.</abbr>		! <abbr title="Evidentiality (marked on verb) WALS 7">Evid.</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}		\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Number of grammatical cases">~~Ca.~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Number of grammatical cases">Cases</abbr>
	\| {{Some\|pro}} \|\| {{Some\|pro}} \|\| {{Yes\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|4}} \|\| {{Yes\|16}} \|\| {{Yes\|8}} \|\| {{Yes\|4}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|7}} \|\|		\| {{Some\|pro}} \|\| {{Some\|pro}} \|\| {{Yes\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|4}} \|\| {{Yes\|16}} \|\| {{Yes\|8}} \|\| {{Yes\|4}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|7}} \|\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{No\|p}} \|\| {{Some\|c}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{No\|a}}		\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{No\|p}} \|\| {{Some\|c}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{Yes\|p}} \|\| {{No\|a}} \|\| {{No\|a}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Gender, number of">G</abbr>		! <abbr title="Gender, number of">Gend.</abbr>
	\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| \|\| {{Some\|10}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}}		\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{Yes\|3}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| \|\| {{Some\|10}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{Yes\|2}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}} \|\| {{No\|0}}
	\|-		\|-
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	\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\|		\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Clusivity">~~Clu~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Clusivity">Clus</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}		\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Typological grouping - Isolating, Fusional, Agglutinating">~~Typ~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Typological grouping - Isolating, Fusional, Agglutinating">Typol</abbr>
	\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Yes\|I}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Yes\|I}} \|\| \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Some\|A}}		\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Yes\|I}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Yes\|I}} \|\| \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{No\|F}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Some\|A}} \|\| {{Some\|A}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Perfective/Imperfective mod is a verbal affix/conjugation">PI</abbr>		! <abbr title="Perfective/Imperfective mod is a verbal affix/conjugation">Perf.</abbr>
	\| \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\|{{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}}		\| \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\|{{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Reduplication (full or partial) is a productive part of the grammar WALS 27">~~Red~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Reduplication (full or partial) is a productive part of the grammar WALS 27">Redup.</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\|		\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Vowels, number of, counting nasal, length, etc.">~~Vow~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Vowels, number of, counting nasal, length, etc.">Vowels</abbr>
	\| {{Some\|7}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Some\|8}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Some\|7}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Some\|8}} \|\| {{No\|6}}		\| {{Some\|7}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Some\|8}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Some\|7}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{Yes\|5}} \|\| {{No\|6}} \|\| {{Some\|8}} \|\| {{No\|6}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Gemination of consonants, beyond marginally">~~Gem~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Gemination of consonants, beyond marginally">Gemin.</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}}		\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Stress for the clause/utterance is defined by Left/Right edge. No means weight-based">~~Str~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Stress for the clause/utterance is defined by Left/Right edge. No means weight-based">Stress</abbr>
	\| \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some\|L}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}		\| \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some\|L}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{Yes\|R}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}
	\|-		\|-
Line 176:		Line 184:
	\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Some\|Spl}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Some\|Tri}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{No\|Erg}}		\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Some\|Spl}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{Some\|Tri}} \|\| {{Yes\|NA}} \|\| {{No\|Erg}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Tu-Vous Distinction or more politeness">TV</abbr>		! <abbr title="Tu-Vous Distinction or more politeness">TuVous</abbr>
	\| \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes\|}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes\|}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}}		\| \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes\|}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes\|}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Possessive Affixes attach to nouns">PA</abbr>		! <abbr title="Possessive Affixes attach to nouns">Possess</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}}		\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Polar Question Particle - no means verb form">~~PQP~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Polar Question Particle - no means verb form">Polar</abbr>
	\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}		\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Future is a verbal affix">~~Fut~~</abbr>		! <abbr title="Future is a verbal affix">Future</abbr>
	\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes}}		\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{No}} \|\| {{Some\|++}} \|\| {{Yes}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <abbr title="Negation Particle - VA is for verbal affix; auxiliary verb">NP</abbr>		! <abbr title="Negation Particle - VA is for verbal affix; auxiliary verb">Negat</abbr>
	\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some\|aux}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}}		\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Some\|aux}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{Yes}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{No\|VA}} \|\| {{Yes}}
	\|}		\|}