Vindamal - Revision history

Marktommy: Added morphology info

2026-04-10T03:44:38Z

Added morphology info

Marktommy at 03:29, 10 April 2026

2026-04-10T03:29:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:29, 10 April 2026
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	\|+ Vindamal Alphabet		\|+ Vindamal Alphabet
	\|-		\|-
	\| Aa \|\| Bb \|\| Dd ~~\|\| Ðð~~ \|\| Ee \|\| Ff \|\| Gg \|\| Hh \|\| Ii \|\| Jj \|\| Kk \|\| Ll \|\| Mm \|\| Nn \|\| Oo \|\| Pp \|\| Rr \|\| Ss \|\| Šš \|\| Tt \|\| Þþ \|\| Uu \|\| Vv \|\| Yy		\| Aa \|\| Bb \|\| Dd \|\| Ee \|\| Ff \|\| Gg \|\| Hh \|\| Ii \|\| Jj \|\| Kk \|\| Ll \|\| Mm \|\| Nn \|\| Oo \|\| Pp \|\| Rr \|\| Ss \|\| Šš \|\| Tt \|\| Þþ \|\| Uu \|\| Vv \|\| Yy
	\|}		\|}

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	The orthography is largely phonemic, though several predictable pronunciation patterns are not reflected in spelling:		The orthography is largely phonemic, though several predictable pronunciation patterns are not reflected in spelling:
			* <d> is realized as [ð] in between vowels
	* <v> is realized as [w] before vowels		* <v> is realized as [w] before vowels
	* <n> is realized as [ŋ] before <k> or <g>		* <n> is realized as [ŋ] before <k> or <g>
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	In contexts where special characters are unavailable, a simplified ASCII-based system may be used:		In contexts where special characters are unavailable, a simplified ASCII-based system may be used:
	* þ → th		* þ → th
	* ð → dh
	* š → sh		* š → sh

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	\|-		\|-
	! Fricative		! Fricative
	\| \|\| f, v \|\| θ~~, ð~~ \|\| s \|\| š \|\| \|\| \|\| h		\| \|\| f, v \|\| θ \|\| s \|\| š \|\| \|\| \|\| h
	\|-		\|-
	! Nasal		! Nasal
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	* The alveolar nasal /n/ is realized as the velar nasal [ŋ] before velar stops		* The alveolar nasal /n/ is realized as the velar nasal [ŋ] before velar stops
	* The orthographic sequence <hv> is realized phonetically as [hw] or [ʍ], particularly in word-initial position. This cluster is pronounced as a unit despite being represented by two letters.		* The orthographic sequence <hv> is realized phonetically as [hw] or [ʍ], particularly in word-initial position. This cluster is pronounced as a unit despite being represented by two letters.
			* The voiced dental plosive /d/ is realized as the voiced labiodental fricative [ð] intervocalically.
	* Word-final /g/ may be realized variably as [g] or a glottal stop [ʔ]. This variation does not affect meaning and is not reflected in spelling.		* Word-final /g/ may be realized variably as [g] or a glottal stop [ʔ]. This variation does not affect meaning and is not reflected in spelling.

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	Stop + liquid:		Stop + liquid:
	* br, dr, gr		* br, dr, gr
	* pr, tr, kr

	Fricative + stop:		Fricative + stop:
	* sp, st, sk		* sp, st, sk

	~~Fricative + liquid:~~
	* fr, fl
	* sl

	Clusters involving /h/:		Clusters involving /h/:
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	Rhotic + stop:		Rhotic + stop:
	* rt, rd, rk, rg		* rt, rd, rk, rg

	Lateral + stop:		Lateral + stop:
	* lt, ld, lk, lg		* lt, ld, lk, lg
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	====Vowel Sequences====		====Vowel Sequences====

	Each syllable contains a single vowel nucleus, which may be short or long. There are no diphthongs in Vindamal.		Each syllable contains a single vowel nucleus, which may be short or long. There are no diphthongs in Vindamal.

	~~====Phonotactic Constraints====~~

	Vindamal avoids complex consonant clusters and favors a smooth, flowing phonological structure. Consonant clusters are limited in both onset and coda positions, and syllables tend toward simple and balanced forms.

	~~These constraints contribute to the language’s overall rhythmic and melodic character.~~
	~~==Prosody==~~

	The prosodic system of Vindamal is characterized by predictable stress placement and a moderately melodic intonation pattern. The overall rhythm of the language reflects a balance between the steady timing of Finnic languages and the more dynamic pitch contours of early Germanic speech.

	===Stress===		===Stress===
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	Secondary stress may occur in longer words, typically falling on alternating syllables following the primary stress. However, secondary stress is relatively weak and does not distinguish meaning.		Secondary stress may occur in longer words, typically falling on alternating syllables following the primary stress. However, secondary stress is relatively weak and does not distinguish meaning.

	Overall, the stress system contributes to a stable but flexible rhythmic pattern.		Overall, the stress system contributes to a stable but flexible rhythmic pattern.

			The addition of prefixes or suffixes does not affect the primary stress pattern but multiple prefixes may develop secondary stress.

			* A single prefix does not receive stress.
			* When two prefixes are present, the first prefix receives secondary stress.
			* Suffixes do not receive primary stress.

			Examples:
			* ''mala'' → [ˈma.la]
			* ''valmala'' → [valˈma.la]
			* ''sevalmala'' → [ˌse.valˈma.la]


	===Intonation===		===Intonation===

Marktommy: /* Morphology */

2026-04-08T03:43:50Z

Morphology

@@ Line 478: / Line 478: @@
 * mole vem → Let's speak
 * hare vem → Let's go
 ==Syntax==

Marktommy: /* Past */

2026-04-08T03:13:09Z

Past

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:13, 8 April 2026
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	Examples:		Examples:
	* ~~har~~ → hart		* hara → hart, went
	* ~~ham~~ → ~~hamat~~		* mala (a:o) → molat, said
	* ~~hel~~ → ~~helet~~		* hara (a:e) → hert, had
	* ~~sil~~ → ~~silit~~		* bola → bolat, drank

	====Ablaut====		====Ablaut====

Marktommy: /* Imperative */

2026-04-08T03:11:10Z

Imperative

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:11, 8 April 2026
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	For example:		For example:
	* hare! → Go!		* hare → Go!
	* bule! → Drink!		* bule → Drink!
	* mole vem → Let's speak		* mole vem → Let's speak
	* hare vem! → Let's go		* hare vem → Let's go

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

Marktommy: /* Imperative */

2026-04-08T03:10:54Z

Imperative

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:10, 8 April 2026
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	* bule! → Drink!		* bule! → Drink!
	* mole vem → Let's speak		* mole vem → Let's speak
	* hare vem! → Let's go!		* hare vem! → Let's go

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

Marktommy: /* Imperative */

2026-04-08T03:10:42Z

Imperative

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:10, 8 April 2026
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	====Imperative====		====Imperative====

	The imperative is formed by adding -e to the verb stem.		The imperative is formed by adding -e to the verb stem and is used for both second person commands and first person plural hortative constructions when used with the pronoun vem. The pronoun typically follows the verb in this instance.

	For example:		For example:
	* ~~hara~~ → ~~hare~~!		* hare! → Go!
	* ~~bola~~ → ~~bule~~!		* bule! → Drink!
			* mole vem → Let's speak
			* hare vem! → Let's go!

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

Marktommy: /* Pronouns */

2026-04-08T03:02:16Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:02, 8 April 2026
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	! Person !! Singular !! Plural		! Person !! Singular !! Plural
	\|-		\|-
	\| 1st \|\| ja \|\| va		\| 1st \|\| ja \|\| vem
	\|-		\|-
	\| 2nd \|\| da \|\| þer		\| 2nd \|\| da \|\| þer

Marktommy: /* Imperative */

2026-04-08T02:59:25Z

Imperative

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:59, 8 April 2026
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	For example:		For example:
	* ~~har~~ → hare!		* hara → hare!
	* ~~her~~ → ~~here~~!		* bola → bule!

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

Marktommy: /* Future */

2026-04-08T02:58:17Z

Future

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:58, 8 April 2026
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	====Future====		====Future====

	Future meaning is expressed analytically using the verb hara (“to go”) followed by another verb.		Future meaning is expressed analytically using the verb hara (“to go”) followed by another verb. In this configuration, the secondary verb appears in the infinitive form.

	* Ja har mola, I am going to speak/I will speak		* Ja har mola, I am going to speak/I will speak