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*[[{{PAGENAME}}/Lexicon]]
*[[{{PAGENAME}}/Swadesh list]]
*[[{{PAGENAME}}/Names]]


'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Tsjoenz-blotp'') is a modern descendant of [[Myuftseezh]] (with significant [[Varrkkún]] influence) spoken in Talma (Western [[Verse:Etalocin|Etalocin]], ''Teolmeo'' /tʌlmʌ/ in Chick Corean). It is an official language in [[Verse:Chick Corea|Chick Corea]] and several other countries, and a lingua franca in Talma. It's inspired aesthetically by Swedish and Sino-Korean, and grammatically by Vietnamese.
==Todo==
*ADAPT TÍOGALL SCRIPT
*Chick Corean national anthem?
*''zjog'' = person
*''zatj'' = 2nd person polite pronoun
*Handle Varrkkún words more transparently
*postvocalic h is allowed
*''elseo'' = eagle
*''Xi gdeoz, beugju xi tjaleo'' = Cogito ergo sum
*''hael'' = ego
*''hjeo'' (before C), ''hjeor'' (before V) = this
*''tjaleo'' = exist
*''fosn'' = therefore; ''beugju'' = ergo
*''Otsn./Ngjodav.'' = Hello.
*''Eobak.'' = Greetings. (somewhat more formal)
*''Tsuxa.'' = Thank you.
*''Sjapt otsn.'' = Bye.
*''ingk'' (''mae'') = name
*''rip'' = learn
*''nim'' (''mae'') = water
*''zjeosm'' (''lek'') = wife
*''keokeortjar'' = strict
*''gdeoz'' = to think
*''eobak'' (''mae'') 'greeting'
*''muk'' 'bad'
*''fljeongar'' 'round'
*''vael'' 'I (formal)' (< ''yavvál'' 'servant')
*''vaelur'' 'we (formal)'
*''bjaels'' 'state'
*''vjeorkun'' 'Varquun'
*''blotp'' /blotp/ 'tongue, language' (Myuftseezh ''blotp'' < Proto-Ftseezhic ''blōtp'' < Proto-Myuftseezh {{recon|''blātʼpʼ''}})
*''rjeonmok'' /rjʌnmok/ 'hero (often used ironically)' < Varquun ''rannammókk'' "raven-joy", i.e. warrior
*''eotijeo'' = prove < Varquun ''atiyah'' 'prove, demonstrate'
*''Xi tat wegar mae gzeos fae mydar mae gzeos, klje xjod kyks pju.''  = 'I mixed the blue liquid and the orange liquid, and then there was an explosion.'
*''Si e x-lek tsjatmaengal!'' = Not my president!
*''ke'' = ovum, genesis (Varquun ''kké'' 'egg')
*''bljedin'' = theorem
*''hveol 'question particle' < kʷa-ləy; kjom 'for' < q'əw, mul 'keep' < muyλay''
*''Vae-ingk e [name] / X-ingk e [name]'' = My name is [name]
==History==
The main source of borrowings in Chick Corean is Varkkún and its descendant [[Nail Polish]]. Nearby [[Clofabic languages]] and many other languages have contributed as well to the rich vocabulary of Chick Corean.
===Chick Coreanization of Varkkún words===
Vowels:
*a á i í ij u ú uw é ó > eo a e eu/i eu/i o u u e o
Consonants:
*Consonants that come in pharyngealized/nonpharyngealized pairs are rendered ''C/Ceu'' (pharyngealized) and ''Cj/Ci'' (nonpharyngealized).
**''xx'' and ''x'' become ''h/heu'' and ''hj/hi''.
**In word-final position, only (nonpharyngealized) ''t/d/s/z/x'' are palatalized to ''tj/dj/sj/zj/hj''.
*''tj/dj/sj/zj'' become ''tsj/dj/sj/zj'' (they become ''tsj/d/sj/zj'' before ''i'').
*''w/y'' become ''w/j''.
*''h'' becomes ''h'' (with no palatalization). The verb ending ''-ah'' is borrowed as ''-eo''.
==Orthography==
==Phonology==
Chick Corean has an average-sized (~25, depending on who's counting) consonant inventory and a rather large (10) vowel inventory.
===Consonants===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! colspan="2" | &nbsp;
!  | Labial
!  | Alveolar
!  | Lateral
!  | Medial
!  | Palatal
!  | Velar
!  | Glottal
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
|
|
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! | <small>voiceless</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
|
|
| '''tj'''* /t͡ɕ/
| '''k''' /k/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /d/
|
|
| '''dj'''* /d͡ʑ/
| '''g''' /g/
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! | <small>voiceless</small>
| '''f''' /f/
| '''s''' /s/
| '''x''' /ɬ/
| '''sj''' /ɧ/
| '''hj'''* /ç/
|
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
| '''v''' /v/
| '''z''' /z/
|
| '''zj''' /ζ/<sup>1</sup>
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Affricate
|
| '''ts''' /ts/
| '''tx''' /tɬ/
| '''tsj''' /tʂ/
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Resonant
| '''w''' /w/
| '''r''' /r/
| '''l''' /l/
|
| '''j''' /j/
|
|
|}
<sup>1</sup> In this article the symbol /ζ/ is used for [ɧ̬] (voiced sje-sound). Approximant realizations like [ɻ] are common, however.
'''kv, gv, ngv, hv''' are pronounced [kw, gw, ŋw, hw].
<nowiki>*</nowiki> '''t d h''' are pronounced like '''tj dj hj''' before /i/ and /y/.
===Vowels===
Chick Corean has 10 vowel phonemes. There are no diphthongs.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''y''' /y/
| '''eu''' /ɯ/
| '''u''' /u/
|-
! style="" |Close-mid
| '''e''' /e/
|rowspan="2"|'''oe''' /ø~œ/
|
| '''o''' /o/
|-
! style="" |Open-mid
| '''ae''' /ɛ/
|colspan="2"|'''eo''' /ʌ~ɔ/
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
|
|}
Some linguists consider ''eu'' to actually be a non-palatalizing allophone of ''i''.
Myuftseezh ''i u e ø o a''
*(no umlaut) > a (open)/ɯ (closed) u ə ə o a
*(umlaut) > i u i e ø ɛ
===Stress===
Stress is initial.
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
Chick Corean nouns do not inflect for number but take possessive prefixes for ''inalienable'' possession. Chick Corean nouns can take classifiers which serve many functions. Classifiers with possessive prefixes mark ''alienable'' possession.
Inalienable possession is most commonly used for family members ('the boy's mother'), body parts ('my arm') and inherent properties ('the prime factorization of 760') but may used for other nuances as well. As an example, ''vae-raev eotijin'' (with alienable possession) would be the usual way of saying 'my proof' (i.e. the proof that I devised of a mathematical statement), while ''vae-eotijin'' (using inalienable possession) suggests a more special or unique relationship, e.g. I am the one who originally proved the theorem.
Chick Corean uses a possessive prefix, either on a classifier placed before the possessum (classifiers are also used as definite articles) for alienable possession or directly on the possessum for inalienable possession.
Examples:
:''Teuk s-raev hundeofin'' = the man's song (e.g. a song that he is singing)
:''Teuk sju-hundeofin'' = the man's song (i.e. a song authored by him)
:''X-lek zjeosm'' = my wife
:''*Xi-zjeosm''
:''Xi-bae'' = my father
:''*X-lek bae''
The possessive prefixes are as follows (they're always hyphenated):
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg  " style=" text-align: center;"
|+ Possessive prefixes
|-
!|
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural
|-
!|1 (informal)
|''xi-'', ''x-'', ''xj-''
|''tsa-'', ''ts-''
|-
!|1 (formal)
|colspan="2"|''vae-''
|-
!|2 (informal)
|''lju-''
|''krjeo-'', ''krj-''
|-
!|2 (formal)
|colspan="2"|''za-''
|-
!|3 (animate)
|colspan="2"|''sju-'', ''s-''
|-
!|3 (inanimate)
|colspan="2"|''reo-''
|}
===Classifiers===
Unusually for a Talman language, Chick Corean classifiers inflect for number. They often have suppletive plural forms which are loaned from [[Nail Polish]] or Varrkkún.
The following classifiers are used:
*''lek'', pl. ''staen'' = animates (humans, more "animate" animals like pets)
*''njab'', pl. ''___'' = honorific form of ''lek''
*''kveod'', pl. ''___'' = organisms not viewed as sentient: plants, fungi, bacteria, "lower" animals, pests
*''mae'', pl. ''mae'' = tiny, point-like objects; mass nouns
**Units of measurement can be used such as cups, pails, ...
*''oetsp'', pl. ''___'' = long, thin objects
*flat sheets
*''govz'', pl. ''___'' = food items
*''raev'', pl. ''___'' = abstractions; works of art
*''gjaetx'', pl. ''___'' = books
*''tsma'', pl. ''___'' = manmade structures: houses, buildings, cities; tools
*Units of measurement do not take classifiers with numerals.
===Derivational morphology===
*Compound nouns are head-final and are always hyphenated
*''-al'' = agentive
*''ri-'' = non-
==Syntax==
===Basic typology===
Chick Corean grammar is mostly analytic and SVXO. Genitives, adjectives, and short (1-2 words) relative clauses precede nouns; longer relative clauses follow nouns. Both pre- and postpositions are used.
:''Xi taek oseor eukng ti fjuxt.''
:I speak of love and hate.
:''Hveol ngeo mul kjom xi hi?''
:Are you saving it for me?
===Noun phrases===
#''$NOUN'' can mean both 'a $NOUN' and '$NOUNs'; in general, number distinctions cannot be made without a classifier.
#''CLF $NOUN'' means 'the $NOUN' or 'the $NOUNs'; the number depends on whether the classifier is singular or plural.
#''tsae $CLF $NOUN'' means 'this $NOUN'; ''hjeo $CLF $NOUN'' means 'that $NOUN'.
#''$ADJ $NOUN'' and ''$VERB fo $NOUN'' means 'an $ADJ $NOUN' or 'a $NOUN that $VERBs'.
#''$NOUN CLF $REL_CLAUSE'' = 'a $NOUN $REL_CLAUSE; see the section on clauses.
#(With numbers) ''$NOUN $N CLF'' = '$N $NOUN(s)'; ''CLF $NOUN $N CLF'' = 'the $N $NOUN(s)''.
===Verb phrases===
===Clauses===
==Miscellaneous==
===Poetry===
*Chick Corean poetry uses assonance as a weak form of rhyming: two words are considered to rhyme if the vowel in the last syllable is the same.
*"Telegraphic" poetry à la Classical Chinese is common.
[[Category:Mustlup languages]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Tricin]]

Latest revision as of 01:03, 10 May 2023

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