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| A conlang, autonym Lekmae /ˈɥexmä/ is a tool to experiment grammatical features, Type (aiming): being low amount of distinct categories,
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| half of the lexicon are adoption of low Germanic languages, as for making this miniature that is to learn about languages.
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| content: {{green|n}}ouns(nominal of intransitives), {{green|a}}djective nouns(nominal of adjectives), {{green|d}}emonstrative nouns(have plural forms, have characteristics for the category), {{green|v}}erbal nouns(nominal of monotransitives), {{green|c}}overbal nouns(have characteristics for the category), {{green|e}}nclitic nouns(have variation for a word).
| | ↳[[Eighth_edition_lekma/Smallset|Small set]] |
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| {|nouns: + nouns(nomina of intransitives), nounsnominal of language monotansitives, nouns(which have plurals), +verbal nouns(that are transitives, ditransitives), +-derived particle nouns(that are prepositions, connectives). +encliticsthey turn nouns t full nouns:demontratives same as aboves, nominal suffix: e/∅/, demostrative)-hen/ɦen/(plual), adjectial suix: a,ä.har/ɦä/,/e/ s/s/, vebal suffix: hen/en/(motion in nce), hel/ɦel/, had/ɦät/(subjunctive dan/ŋdɐ/(processive) nin/nin/(perfective), an,en,ne,, vowel to nasalise+/ŋen/.
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| |}
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| enclitics distinguish these kinds, nominal, adjectival, plural, objective, present, habitual, subjunctive, processive, perfective.
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| demontratives express those kinds, ergative, objective, subjective, dative, near to the speaker, away from the speaker, person.
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| every words are morpheme. nouns with enclitics or VO phrases, are indicative mood.
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| {| an object right bafter verbal nun eeds no suffx nor partcle. an object before the motion in once a support of an objectial icle.|}
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| {| everys are morpheme nouns, full nouns, ul nouns are indicatives. in this site uses resemble notations|}
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| {|it seems there are làa/ɡäː/ so some are regular VO are also full nouns.. if the are free from diacritics.|}
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| {| dalse càe látin, vàe áleman, bae látin, cae látin, kae eskanól, aüe elínica, meidallaoduilekma. e lao u vèi velar nas.|}
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| {|borrowing words from other languages enter the group of adjective full noun, soe enter .
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| Syntactics
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| Type: SVO-Topic, right branching of a clause, left element modifies that in right.
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| Word formation: (+coverb) noun (+adjectifier of zeromorpheme) (+demonstrative) (+enclitic) (+verb) noun (+enclitic).
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| {| ergative noun • vebal noun objective noun from the grammar • topic noun / al noun • noun adjectival suffix • topic noun, where a middle dot separates phrases. they can switch thei places, phses at fists are foal phrases.|}
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| {| aside from the onemic orthography, numerals are written. -|}
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| {| .0123456789,10,11,12. is oinmfvksba.io/x,ii/e,in/z.|}
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| {|Morpheme inventory|}
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| {|* s- /sɨ/,allo;/s/,* n- /nɨ/,allomorpheme;/n/,* a- /ä/* ∅- /ʔ/* -a /ɦä/* -e /ɦe/* -s /s/* -as /ɦäs/* -es /ɦes/* -n /n/* -en /ɦen/* -ns /ns/* -ens /ɦens/* -l /l/* -t /t/* -d , e is phonemically space, except for after a consonant including extras/t/* -ls /ls/* -ts /t͡s/* -ds /des/* -el /el/* -et /et/* -at /ät/* ad /äde/* -els /els/* -ets /et͡s/* -ats /ät͡s/* -ads /ädes/* -nd /indɐ/*for -nt /int/* -nds /indɐs/* -nts /intes/
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| |}
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| Writings: excepting q w p g j y, u is added as /ŋ/. a i u are consonants in certain circumstances.
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| Grapheme inventory with their corresponding phonemes:
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| {| |
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| ! |<small>{{blue|Consonants}}</small>
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| ! |<small>Bilabial</small>
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| ! |<small>Labio-dental</small>
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| ! |<small>Alveolar</small>
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| ! |<small>Retroflex</small>
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| ! |<small>Palatal</small>
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| ! |<small>Velar</small>
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| ! |<small>Uvular</small>
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| ! |<small>Glottal</small>
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Nasal</small>
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| | {{blue|m}}a{{blue|m}}(m) || || {{blue|n}}a{{blue|n}},na{{blue|n}}(n~ɲ, l) || || || {{blue|u}}â{{blue|u}}(ŋ) || || |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Plosive</small>
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| | {{blue|b}}a{{blue|b}}(b~p) || || {{blue|d}}a{{blue|d}}(d~t) || || || {{blue|c}}a{{blue|c}}(k~ɡ) || || {{blue|a}}âe,aâ{{blue|e}}(ʔ, n/a) |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Affricate</small>
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| | || || {{blue|z}}ae(d͡z~t͡s) || {{blue|t}}â{{blue|t}}(ʈ͡ʂ~t͡ʃ) || || || || |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Fricative</small>
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| | || {{blue|f}}â{{blue|f}}(f) || {{blue|s}}a{{blue|s}}(s~ɕ) || {{blue|x}}a{{blue|x}}(ʂ~ç) || || {{blue|k}}a{{blue|k}}(x~χ, k) || || {{blue|h}}a{{blue|h}}(ɦ, n/a) |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Trill</small>
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| | || || || || || || {{blue|r}}ae(ʀ~r) || |
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Approximant</small>
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| | || {{blue|v}}àe(ʋ) || || || {{blue|i}}áe(ʝ) || || || |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Semi vowel</small>
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| | || {{blue|a}}àe,aa{{blue|è}}(u̯) || {{blue|l}}a{{blue|l}},{{blue|u}}àe(ɥ, l) || || {{blue|a}}áe,aa{{blue|é}}(i̯) || || || aa{{blue|r}}(ë~ɐ̯, n/a) |
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| |}
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| {| |
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| ! colspan="1" |<small>{{blue|Vowels}}</small>
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| ! colspan="2" |<small>Front</small>
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| ! colspan="2" |<small>Central</small>
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| ! colspan="2" |<small>Back</small>
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| |-
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| !
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| ! <small>unrounded</small>
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| ! <small>rounded</small>
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| ! <small>unrounded</small>
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| ! <small>rounded</small>
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| ! <small>unrounded</small>
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| ! <small>rounded</small>
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Close</small>
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| | a{{blue|i}}e(i) || a{{blue|ü}}e(y) || a{{blue|êi}},a{{blue|í}}e(ëi̯) || a{{blue|ò}}e(u̯o) || a{{blue|ui}},a{{blue|î}}e(ɯɨ~ɨ) || a{{blue|u}}e(u) |
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Mid-open</small>
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| | a{{blue|e}}e,e{{blue|ä}}e(e) || a{{blue|ö}}e,a{{blue|eû}}(ø) || || a{{blue|êu}},a{{blue|ù}}e(ëu̯) || || a{{blue|o}}e(o) |
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Open</small>
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| | || || a{{blue|a}}e(ä) || || a{{blue|ao}},a{{blue|ô}}e(ʌ) || |
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| |}
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| Phonotactics: CV(V)C.
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| Tone slightly rises initially of a phrase.
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| {| sk sk not sk k lk not jk mm became mb nn sta kk is long k ll e lh is ong l gemination lengthens nearby phoneme. i(ǀ) start citing, (end cite), before a loanword, ǃ(ǂ) exclamation|}
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| {|allophones; t ʔ ɦ l;ʎ;ɾ sr ɲ ŋ allophones;â á:ae;ai;oa e é:ei;é;ea i î í o ö:eu;oi ó:ou u ü ú;;ue;ua;uo | ɲ ŋ −vowel length lk −vowel length sk|}
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| {|! colspan="1" |{{blue|noun root}}! colspan="1" |the agent of a transitive verb! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject/locative of an intransitive verb}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the direct/indirect object of a verb}}! style="width:90px;"{{green|possessive form}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural form}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural possessive form}}! style="width: 90px; "||-! style="text-align: center; "|uac/ʋɐk/| sac/sɐk/| nac/nɐk/| uac/ʋɐk/[ʔɐk]|uacs/ʔäks/|sacen/säːgen/,nacen/näːgen/,uacen/ʔäːgen/| uacens/ʔäːgens/| I! style="text-align: center; "|uue/ʋyː/| sue/syː/| nue/nyː/| uue/ʋyː/[ʔyː]| uues/ʋyːs/[ʔyːs]| suen/syːen/,nuen/nyːen/,ʋuen/ʔyːen/| uuens/ʔyːens/| You! style="text-align: center; "|hia/ɦiä/| sia/siä/| nia/niä/| hia/ɦiä/| hias/ɦiäs/| sian/siän/,nian/niän/,hian/ɦiän/| hians/ɦiäns/| They (singular)! colspan="1" |{{blue|verb root}}indicative form}}subjunctive form}}connective form}}{{blue|noun-like form}}{{blue|gloss}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|present/habitual}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is futural}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|-ing, /if}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is incomplete}}! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is completed}}! style="text-align: center; "|sel/sel/| ser/sel/| seat/seɦät/| sad/säːt/| selnd/selindɐ/| selnt/selint/| be! style="text-align: center; "|bal/bäl/| bar/bäl/| baat/päɦät/| bad/päːt/| balnd/pälindɐ| balnt/pälint/| have! |tel/tel/| ter/tel/| teat/teɦät/| tad/täːt/| telnd/telindɐ/| telnt/telint/| hang,raise
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| Made text
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| of it is what
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| Närca Sêdnan.
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| /ˈne.ëɡä su̯ednän/
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| nac-har sêd-nan
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| 1-be swed-ish
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| of this is what
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| Famsendoclea.
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| /fämsendokɥe.ˈä/
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| fam sen-doc-leh-har
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| fruits this-place.of-be
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| Naciorneuse a Lekmae Neidoc.
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| /näkʝonëu̯s(ë) ʔä ɥexmä nëi̯dok/
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| romlang.be true.for Lekmae be.not.3
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| is Lekmae a romlang? no, it's not.
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| of who does what
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| hainimdaies doc.
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| /--/
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| kai nim daines doc
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| they eat some-of this
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| {|* 1: ʋɐk /uac* you (singular): 2ʋyː /uue* he: ɦäŋ /han* we: /uacen* you (plural): ʋyːen /uuen* they: ɦiä /hia* this : tog,ɦiä /toc,hia* that: àe,kosa /hae,cos* here: tocma /tcm* there: kkaema /aem* who: hhia,lhia /lia* what: kva /kva* where: kvime /kvm* when: kvatzuí /kvn* how: kvamuí /kvi* not: né /nei* all: àen /aen* many: àens /aens* some: de àen /duiaen* few: làes /leas* other: né daes /neidae* one: éna,ená,ésa,esá /ina,isa* two: tzue /dva* three: mal /mal* four: cut /cut* five: unal /hal* big: lhens* long: naelhens* wide: daesbala* thick: bala* heavy: né fie /neifias* small: nal* short: kul* narrow: tis /tsm* thin: kadtis* woman: lhúa /lua* man (adult male): lhúa /lua* man (human being): hhan/lhúo /luo* child: tisluo* mother: mâma /mam* father: dâda /dad* animal: tissor d tis* fish: fisker* bird: tofie /tfl* snake: lam* worm: hhom /orm* tree /bim* forest: bsk* stick: baunel /uncertain* fruit: fam /flm* seed: fam /sem* leaf: hhüo /lif* root: lád /lad* flower: uncertain /lili* grass: ladlil* rope: sinn /uncertain* skin: bäl /* meat: salk /slk* blood: salk* bone: lám * fat (noun): bét /fat* egg: ais* horn: kol /krn* tail: lámen /lam* feather: fie /fli* hair: tetr /khr* head: uncertain /cab* ear: olhen /orh* eye: ain /oin* nose: nis* mouth: uncertain /lif* tooth: tzann /fnc* tongue (organ): tzann /zau* fingernail: tzann /fau* foot: uncertain /bam* leg: uncertain /bam* knee: baim* hand: tec /tek* wing: fiem /fli* belly: mac* guts: mac * neck: nec* back: tzüc /ruc* breast: bec /fec* heart: kel /kor* liver: kel* to drink: sifel /drk* to eat: nem /nhm* to bite: tzaunel /tnf* to suck: sifel * to spit: nemel* to vomit: tue dae nems* to blow: bolel * to breathe: nesel /* to laugh: hrak /rch* to see: vis /ver* to hear: sanhel /oir* to know: caän* to think: canel /dik* to smell: nesel /uncertain* to fear: bai* to sleep: bei /slf* to live: súmel* to die: né súmel /meisumel* to kill: sral * to fight: sral /uncertain* to hunt: sral* to hit: láb /lfn* to cut: kul* to split: tuinde kut,tua tzues /dval* to stab: binn * to scratch: skilel* to dig: binn /nem* to swim: uncertain /sìm* to fly: uncertain /fei* to walk: salkel* to come: hhim /clm* to lie (as in a bed): lob* to sit: sidel /set* to stand: hrec /tnd* to turn (intransitive): silkel* to fall: feiel /fei* to give: duo* to hold: hrantel* to squeeze: tzecal* to rub: vask * to wash: vasker* to wipe: vaskel /vsk* to pull: tec* to push: tec,ffon* to throw: tue toc náe* to tie: ticel /bnd* to sew: ffinticel* to count: teltzif* to say: seu* to sing: séunel /seu* to play: bil /sfl* to float: lom /flt* to flow: ae /flt* to freeze: íelel /iel* to swell: rcol /uncertain* sun: hrá /uncertain* moon: daehrá /mun* star: lucz /trl* water: súm /sumi* rain: lein /rcn* river: léne /len* lake: léne /len* sea: léneen /len* salt: saltee* stone: shè /stn* sand: sahr /snd* dust: hroma*earth: thi /nulmaf* cloud: küt /sku* fog: küt /foc* sky: séo /sulmaf* wind: fendas /vnd* snow: nívas /snu* ice: íelen /ais* smoke: féu /feo* fire: féu /feo* ash: daeféu* to burn: tocféu tue /feol* road: vei /vec* mountain: uncertain /mon* red: hrot /rod* : /crn* yellow: col /clb* white: hrát /vit black: dal /blc* night: dal /nkt* day: dis /dac* year: iálen /zuames* warm: nôk /vrm* cold: íels /chl* full: buk /ful* new: bil* old: né bil* good: hhim /bim* bad: né hhim* rotten: tocel nae* dirty: mud* straight: bim* round: kadbal* sharp (as a knife): dis * dull (as a knife): dos* smooth:: suːmmɯi /summui* dry: sekal /sek* correct: bim* near: tocmas* far: naema* right: hris /lkt* left: chol /lnk* at: ʈ͡ʂɯi /zuiin: lea /ins* because|}
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| Lexics
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| /--/
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| {| mam*mom mim mum mon miu mou mac miz muk mil mul mai*value mui*means máè*meow nam*to name nac*to 1 nacmie*europant naciór*romlang nal nui*snake nuf nab nul*down nim*eat nüe*to 2 niskad nat uil*arm uih*then bim bab beb bid*house bosker*forest bah*brace diu doc*of 3 dol*fish dad*dad dek dil* wet dui*do what dál*draw cac cuf cal cilke aam*aim a d aae*is it true for i d aie*tsk, a cite u d aue*of where to aas aal e d aee*accompanying with o d aoe*compared with, if den*keep deh*hang fui*made from zil zul zah*nail zeica d zêc*sore tam tau*fang tal*string tin tax tic sel*be by súmmi*water sul süe*you seh*be sud saf xan xul*up xai*why xei*what xui*how,when fam*fruits fun foù*fire kalmê kum kat*hands kalkee ham han*he neuter hai*they singular vad*what,who vie*why,how vaskae von*when,where rac*cross ril*lough len*wind lan*group lis*smile lal*pilor lul*food léu*green iel*slope ser*that kind.|}
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| [[Category:Languages]]
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