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'''Al-Ȝarebydda''' is an alternative history descendant of Classical Arabic inspired by Welsh and Praimhín's Vrushka; it is intended to be a Welshy counterpart to our Arabic which is more Irishy (Irish has lots of a, á, í, ú; velarization; some suffixes like -án, -ún, -ín, -ú, -(a)í, -t(e)á, -anna, ...)


==Diachronics==
Conditioning factors: before or after emphatic consonants, stress
Umlaut (before non-emphatic consonants)
*a-umlaut: a i u aa ii uu ay aw > /a e o a: e: o: ai au/
*i-umlaut: a i u aa ii uu ay aw > /ɛ i ü e: i: ü: ɛi aü/ (a: > e: already by imāla)
*u-umlaut: a i u aa ii uu ay aw > /œ ü u œ: ü: u: ɔi ɛu/
Loss of vowel length after umlaut; loss of geminates
alif > 0
yā' > /ð/ ''ddai''
ḍād > /ɬ/ ''llawd''
sīn, shīn, ṣād > /s ʃ ɧ/ ''sin, šin, sjawd''
ṭā' > /p/ ex. ''ṭayyib'' > ''peddyb'' /pɛðəb/ 'good'
tā' > /t/
ẓā' > /ð/, /v/, /ɣ/ (randomly) ex. ''ghebi'' /ɣɛbi/ 'gazelle'; ''fwhr'' /vuhər/ 'noon'
qāf > /k/ ''c'', kāf > /tʃ/ ''č''
jīm > /g/
fā > /v/
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Medial !! Palatal !! Velar !! Radical!! Glottal
|-
!colspan="2"|Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Plosive
!<small>plain</small>
| '''p''' /pʰ/
| '''t''' /tʰ/
|
| '''ĉ''' /tʃ/
| '''c''' /kʰ/ ||
| '''ʔ''' /ʔ/
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /d/
|
|
| '''g''' /g/ ||
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Non-sibilant
!<small>unvoiced</small>
|
| '''th''' /θ/
|
|
| '''ch''' /χ/ || '''ħ''' /ħ/ || '''h''' /h/
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''f''' /v/
| '''dd''' /ð/
| 
|
| '''gh''' /ʁ/ || '''ȝ''' /ʕ/ ||
|-
!rowspan="2"|Sibilant
!<small>unvoiced</small>
| 
| '''s''' /s/
| '''sj''' /ɧ/
| '''ŝ''' /ʃ/ || ||
|
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
|
| '''z''' /z/ || || || || ||
|-
!rowspan="2"| Lateral
!<small>unvoiced</small>
| 
| '''ll''' /ɬ/
|
| || ||
|
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
|
| '''l''' /l/ || ||
|  || ||
|-
!colspan="2"| Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/ || ||
|  || ||
|}
===Vowels===
'''a e i o w y ø u''' /a ɛ i ɔ u ə œ y/ + lots of diphthongs
===Stress===
Always penultimate
==Morphology==
===Nouns and adjectives===
'goodness':
*sg. ''choer, chaer, cheir''
*pl. ''chyddoer'', ''chyddaer'', ''chyddeir'' (broken plural, triptote)
try to save as much declension as possible
'''-a''' (nom), '''-a''' (acc), '''-e''' (gen) (feminine sg.)
'''-o/-ae''' (nom), '''-ei''' (acc, gen) (m. dual)
'''-tae''' (nom), '''-tei''' (acc, gen) (f. dual)
'''-w/-i''' (masculine plural)
'''-ot/-aet''' (feminine plural)
''ʔaxḍar, xaḍrā, xuḍr'' is regularized to ''ʔachllar, ʔachllara, ʔachllaro, ʔachllartae, ʔachllarw, ʔachllarot'' 'green'
broken plurals - ?
===Verbs===
[[Category:Semitic languages]]

Latest revision as of 01:03, 10 May 2023

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