Verse:Irta/Knench

In this versespace:

Verse:

Irta/Knench

• Irta/Knench/Ancient
• Irta/Knench/Ancient/Gzarot
• Irta/Knench/Diachronics
• Irta/Knench/Lexicon
• Irta/Knench/Middle
• Irta/Knench/Religion
• Irta/Knench/Sandbox
• Irta/Knench/Swadesh list

Verse talk:

Knench /nɛnt͡ʃ/ (natively Finid /ˈfiːnɪð/ or losůnaz Fini) is a divergent descendant of Canaanite spoken in Lõis Great Britain. It does not lose Semitic triconsonantal morphology, but it loses older Semitic conjugated verb forms in favor of constructions using the infinitive construct. Knench is the second largest Irta British minority language after Welsh, in fact its syntax is similar to Colloquial Welsh.

Move to Spain?

Revamp prosody to a more Welshy one

Make Ancient Knench stage a bit more like Togarmite and less Hebrew

• dobor [ˈðoːvʌɾ] "(literary) a thing"
• doboraz [ðʌˈvoːɾaz] "the thing"
• deberi [ðɛˈveːɾi] "things" (affection; plural -īm -> -i)
• deberimel [ðɛvɛˈɾiːmɛl] "the things"
• qhymůr [ˈqʰəmʉɾ] "donkey"
• jůno [ˈjyːnʌ] "a pigeon"
• jůnozů [jʉˈnoːzʉ] "the pigeon"
• jůnůd [ˈjyːnʉð] "pigeons" (Hebrew has yōnīm but let's use the f. pl. ending)
• jůnůdel [jʉˈnyːðɛl] "the pigeons"

Phonology

Knench phonology is complex, with underlying phonemes resulting in multiple phones depending on the phonetic environment (most importantly, stressed versus unstressed syllables; prevocalic or non-prevocalic for certain laryngeals)

Vowels

a e y i o u ů /a~aː ɛ~eː ə~ɨː ɪ~iː ʌ~o̝ː ʊ~u̟ː ʉ~yː/

Consonants

Underlying consonants

• |ʔ| x (often lost) from Old Knench /ʔ/
• |v| v from Old Knench /b/
• |ɣ| g from Old Knench /g/
• |ð| d from Old Knench /d/
• |h| ḧ (often lost) from Old Knench /h/
• |w| w from Old Knench /w/
• |z| z from Old Knench /z/ (from PSem *z and ð)
• |qʰ| qh from Old Knench /χ/ (from PSem *x and *ħ)
• |t=| t from Old Knench /tˁ/
• |j| j from Old Knench /j/
• |kʰ| ch from Old Knench /k/
• |l| l from Old Knench /l/
• |m| m from Old Knench /m/
• |n| n from Old Knench /n/
• |ɕ| çh from Old Knench /ts/ (from PSem *s)
• |ʁ̃| ɣ from Old Knench /ʁ̃/ (from PSem *ɣ and *ʕ)
• |f| f from Old Knench /p/
• |p=| p from Latin/Romance /p/
• |ts=| ç from Old Knench /tsˁ/ (from PSem *ṣ, *ṣ́, and *θ̣)
• |k=| c from Old Knench /q/
• |r| r from Old Knench /r/
• |ʂ| s from Old Knench /s̠/ (from PSem *š, *ś, and *θ)
• |tʰ| th from Old Knench /t/

qh is in a process of merging with ch in Modern Knench. The merged sound is kʰ~x.

Morphology

Pronouns

• 1sg: i (after consonant), ni (after vowel)
• 2sg.m: tho; -cho tho (after prepositions)
• 2sg.f: thy; -chyth (after prepositions)
• 3sg.m: ůj (< -ů + ḧi)
• 3sg.f: oj (< -o/-oh/-ho + ḧi)
• 1pl: nu
• 2pl: thym; -chym thym, -chythym (after prepositions)
• 3pl: 'm

Verbs

The citation form is uninflected in Colloquial Knench:

Re ni by bluɣ i laqhm. (PRES 1SG PROG eat 1SG bread) 'I eat/am eating bread.'

Bluɣ laqhmaz! 'Eat the bread! (both sg and pl)'

Knench verbs can be from inherited binyanim (fɣul, iffoɣel, ithfoɣel, faɣel, afɣel, isthafɣel) or from noun patterns.

Sample texts

Newton's laws of motion

I: Re dobor by sbuth by demi, ylů by ɣythůc bal-sůny, lile força b acço ɣaju.

I: An object stays at rest, or at a constant speed, unless a force acts on it.

II: Re sanujaz ly moment ly gaf by mathchůni lid forçazů myfuçoro ɣaj gafaz; u re sanujaz by crůd darchom cůaz thecin as ɣaju forçazů myfuçoro.

II: The change in the momentum of a body is proportional to the force applied to the body; and the change occurs along the straight line on which that force is applied.

III: Jes ly chul acço tha reacço sowo u mythnegydo.

III: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.