Verse:Hmøøh/Whehli: Difference between revisions

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==Phonology==
#redirect [[Andarin]]
===Consonants===
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" style="width: 68px; "|
! style="width: 68px; " |Labial
! style="width: 68px; " |Alveolar
! style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| m
| n
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Plosive
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| p
| t
|
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
| b
| d
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
! |<small>voiceless</small>
|
| θ s ɬ
|
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
|
| ð z ɮ
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant
| w
| l
| j
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Trill
|
| r
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
*a e i o u
*a: e: i: o: u: ä: å:
*a:: e:: i:: o:: u:: ä:: å::
*ai au ei eu oi ou
*a:i a:u e:i i:u e:u o:i o:u u:i
 
==Sound changes==
===Diphthongs simplify before laryngeals===
====Before x or xʷ====
Let X be a one of ''x'' and ''xʷ''. Then:
*aiX > eX
*auX > oX
*eiX > iX
*euX > oX
*oiX > eX
*ouX > uX
*a:iX > a:X
*a:uX > a:X
*e:iX > e:X
*e:uX > e:X
*o:uX > o:X
*o:iX > o:X
 
====Before ħ====
*aiħ > aħ
*eiħ > eħ
*euħ > eħ
*oiħ > oħ
*ouħ > oħ
*a:iħ > a:ħ
*a:uħ > a:ħ
*e:iħ > e:ħ
*e:uħ > e:ħ
*o:uħ > o:ħ
*o:iħ > o:ħ
 
===Laryngeal loss===
*x-, ħ-, xʷ- > e-, a-, o-
 
In the following, When the vowel before the permutation is long, the reflex is overlong.
====h1====
*axa exa ixa oxa uxa > a: ä: e: å: o:
*axe exe ixe oxe uxe > ä: e: i: e: i:
*axi exi ixi oxi uxi > e: i: i: e: i:
*axo exo ixo oxo uxo > å: e: e: o: u:
*axu exu ixu oxu uxu > o: e: i: u: u:
*axC exC ixC oxC uxC > ä: e: i: o: u:
====h2====
*aħa eħa iħa oħa uħa > a: a: ä: a: å:
*aħe eħe iħe oħe uħe > a: ä: e: ä: e:
*aħi eħi iħi oħi uħi > ä: e: e: ä: e:
*aħo eħo iħo oħo uħo > a: ä: ä: å: o:
*aħu eħu iħu oħu uħu > å: ä: e: o: o:
*aħC eħC iħC oħC uħC > a: ä: e: å: o:
====h3====
Let ''V'' be the set of vowel qualities {a, ä, å, e, i, o, u}, and let ''q : V → V'' denote the involutive permutation (ä å)(e o)(i u). Then for a given ''v'' ∈ ''V'', the reflex of ''v''xʷ''v'' equals ''q''(''v′'')xʷ''q''(''v′'') = ''q''(''v′xv′''), where ''v′'' denotes ''q''(''v''):
*axʷa exʷa ixʷa oxʷa uxʷa > a: ä: e: å: o:
*axʷe exʷe ixʷe oxʷe uxʷe > ä: e: i: o: o:
*axʷi exʷi ixʷi oxʷi uxʷi > e: i: i: o: u:
*axʷo exʷo ixʷo oxʷo uxʷo > å: o: u: o: u:
*axʷu exʷu ixʷu oxʷu uxʷu > o: o: u: u: u:
*axʷC exʷC ixʷC oxʷC uxʷC > å: e: i: o: u:
 
===Overlong diphthongs===
*a::i a::u e::i i::u e::u o::i o::u u::i > a:: a:: e:: i:: e:: o:: o:: u::
 
The resulting vowel system is:
*a e i o u
*a: e: i: o: u: ä: å:
*a:: e:: i:: o:: u:: ä:: å::
*ai au ei eu oi ou
*a:i a:u e:i i:u e:u o:i o:u u:i
 
===Last changes common to all T-Talsmic languages===
*kʷ gʷ > ts dz > t d
*k g > tʃ dʒ > s z
*rk > rt
 
===Andarin===
*ð > funny lateral-ish sound > l
*f > þ
*þ > s
*ł > hy
*p > kw > ty
*b > gw > w/y (hiatus breaker)
*rb, lb > rd, ld
*lz > ld
*d > r
*mb > ngw > ndy
*m > ny
*rw, lw > rr, ll
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" |
! |Labial
! |Alveolar
! |Palatal(ized)
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
|
| '''n''' /n/
| '''ny''' /nʲ/
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Plosive
! |<small>voiceless</small>
|
| '''t''' /t/
| '''ty''' /tʲ/
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
|
| '''d''' /d/
| '''dy''' /dʲ/
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| '''v''' [v]
| '''s''' /s/
| '''hy''' /ç/
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant
|
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|}
 
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}|*]][[Category:Talsmic languages]][[Category:Gamedan languages]]

Revision as of 12:51, 29 January 2016

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