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'''Nga''' [ŋɑ], also splled as '''Ŋa''', is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.  
{{Infobox language|image=|imagesize=|imagecaption=|name=Nga|nativename=|pronunciation=ŋɑ|pronunciation_key=|state=|setting=|created=2026|familycolor=Kamokynga<sup>[''controversial'']</sup>|creator=User:Suqi|era=|script=|nation=|map=|mapsize=|mapcaption=|notice=IPA}}'''Nga''' [ŋɑ], also splled as '''Ŋa''', is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
=== Syllable Structure ===
=== Syllable Structure ===
Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead.
Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead.
Line 15: Line 14:


== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==
=== Syntax ===
=== Syntax ===
The basic word order is VSO.
The basic word order is VSO.


=== Morphology ===
=== Morphology ===
==== Tense ====
==== Tense ====
Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]
Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]
Line 46: Line 43:


== Translations ==
== Translations ==
== Lexicon ==
== Lexicon ==
=== Root Words ===
=== Root Words ===
Corresponding English words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
!
!
Line 81: Line 76:
| -
| -
|-
|-
!kei
! rowspan="2" |kei
|[kei̯]
| rowspan="2" |[kei̯]
|cube, '''square'''
|cube
| -
| rowspan="2" | -
|-
|square
|-
|-
!vu
!vu
Line 129: Line 126:
|[t͡su]
|[t͡su]
|lightning
|lightning
| -
|-
!tü
|[ty]
|music
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 149: Line 151:
|[i]
|[i]
|small
|small
| -
|-
!fü
|[ɸy]
|snow
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 173: Line 180:


=== Compound Words ===
=== Compound Words ===
Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly.  
Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly.


The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.


Corresponding English words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
Bold compound components are themselves compounds.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! colspan="5" |Nga
! colspan="4" |Nga
! colspan="5" |English
! colspan="4" |English
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="3" |Roots
! colspan="2" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="3" |Roots
! colspan="2" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
|-
|-
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
|-
!ćevü
|će
|vu
|[t͡ɕeβy]
!ice melting
|ice
|down
| -
|-
!füvü
|fü
|vu
|[ɸyβy]
!snow melting
|snow
|down
| -
|-
!füvvüqa
|fü
|vu-qa
|[ɸyββyqɑ]
!snow cave-in
|snow
|'''tumble'''
|Snow that is caving in.
|-
|-
!kuôi
!kuôi
|ku
|ku
|ôi
|ôi
|
|[kuɔi̯]
|[kuɔi̯]
!island
!island
|alone
|alone
|sea
|sea
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!kuttsui
!kuttsui
|ku
|ku
|tsu-i
|'''tsu-i'''
|
|[kutt͡sʉi]
|[kutt͡sʉi]
!electron
!electron
|alone
|alone
|electric
|'''electric'''
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|ku
|ku
|yü
|yü
|
|[kuju]
|[kuju]
!light
!light
|alone
|alone
|light
|light
|
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|-
|-
!kuyyui
!kuyyui
|ku
|ku
|yü-i
|'''yü-i'''
|
|[kujjʉi]
|[kujjʉi]
!photon
!photon
|alone
|alone
|glint
|'''glint'''
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 243: Line 267:
|mi
|mi
|će
|će
|
|[mit͡ɕe]
|
!glass
!
|blank
|
|ice
|
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 254: Line 276:
|mi
|mi
|xo
|xo
|
|[mixø]
|
!paper
!
|blank
|
|wood
|
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!ŋekü
!miŋe
|mi
|ŋe
|ŋe
|ku
|[miŋe]
|
!new
|
|blank
!
|clean
|
| -
|
|-
|
!momaa
|mo
|maa
|[momɑː]
!take
|hold
|go
|Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
!mońi
|mo
|ńi
|[moɲi]
!bring
|hold
|come
|Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
!mottsui
|mo
|'''tsu-i'''
|[mott͡sʉi]
!electronic tablet
|hold
|'''electric'''
| -
| -
|-
|-
!ŋemi
! rowspan="2" |ŋattsui
| rowspan="2" |ŋa
| rowspan="2" |'''tsu-i'''
| rowspan="2" |[ŋɑtt͡sʉi]
!phone
| rowspan="2" |speak
| rowspan="2" |'''electric'''
| rowspan="2" | -
|-
!phone call
|-
!ŋekü
|ŋe
|ŋe
|mi
|ku
|
|[ŋeky]
|
!clean
!
|clean
|
|alone
|
|A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
|
| -
|-
|-
!pôi
!pôi
|pô
|pô
|i
|i
|
|[pɔi]
|[pɔi]
!grow
!grow
|big
|big
|small
|small
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|pô
|pô
|mu
|mu
|
|[pɔmu]
|[pɔmu]
!all
!all
|big
|big
|together
|together
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!pômu'ou
!pômu'ou
|pô-mu
|'''pô-mu'''
|ou
|ou
|
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
!population
!population
|all
|'''all'''
|person
|person
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!
!qavu
|
|qa
|
|vu
|
|[qɑβu]
|
!slam
!
|hit
|
|down
|
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!
! rowspan="2" |vućë
|
| rowspan="2" |vu
|
| rowspan="2" |će
|
| rowspan="2" |[βut͡ɕɜ]
|
!hail
!
| rowspan="2" |down
|
| rowspan="2" |ice
|
| rowspan="2" | -
|
| -
|-
|-
!
!sleet
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
|-
!
!vufu
|
|vu
|
|fü
|
|[βuɸu]
|
!snowing
!
|down
|
|snow
|
|Snow that is falling from the sky.
|
| -
|-
|-
!
!vuqa
|
|vu
|
|qa
|
|[βuqɑ]
|
!tumble
!
|down
|
|hit
|
|A fall that results in a relevant impact.
|
| -
|-
|-
!
!vuqaffu
|
|'''vu-qa'''
|
|'''fü'''
|
|[βuqɑɸɸu]
|
!avalanche
!
|'''tumble'''
|
|snow
|
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!
!vuqui
|
|vu
|
|qui
|
|[βuqui̯]
|
!ink drop
!
|down
|
|ink
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
| -
|}
|}

Revision as of 22:07, 17 March 2026

Nga
Pronunciation[ŋɑ]
Created bySuqi
Date2026
Kamokynga[controversial]
  • Nga
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Nga [ŋɑ], also splled as Ŋa, is an artistic personal language of Suqi that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.

Phonology

Syllable Structure

Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead.

Vowel Harmony

Nga has regressive fronting harmony. Harmony spreads across entire words. Front vowels include /y e ø yi̯ ei̯ øi̯ øy̯ ue̯/ and back vowels include /u ɜ o ui̯ ɤi̯ oi̯ ou̯ uɜ̯/. There are two neutral vowels: /ɑ ai̯/, and three vowels that are transparent in medial and final syllables, but trigger harmony when in an initial syllable: /i/ (triggers front harmony) and /ɔ ɔi̯/ (trigger back harmony). /ɜ uɜ̯/ must be preceded by a harmonically back vowel.

Allophony

/u/ becomes [ᵿ] before /i/ in across a syllable boundary.

Geminated voiced plosives become instead prenasalized voiced plosives.

Grammar

Syntax

The basic word order is VSO.

Morphology

Tense

Past Tense: -ltu/-ltü [-ltu, -lty]

Present Tense: -khai [khai̯]

Future Tense: -myi [-mji]

Irrealis: Ø

  • Past Irrealis: oltu- [oltu-]
  • Present Irrealis: okhai- [okhai̯-]
  • Future Irrealis: omyi- [omji-]

Subject Markers

There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object.

Motile subject: -msu/-msü [-msu, -msy]

Present subject: -ćto/ćtö [-t͡ɕto, -t͡ɕtø]

Identity subject: -ńwai [-ɲwai̯]

Potential subject: -hći [-ht͡ɕi]

Translations

Lexicon

Root Words

IPA English Meaning
ku [ku] alone -
pô [pɔ] big -
mi [mi] blank -
ŋe [ŋe] clean -
ńi [ɲi] come -
kei [kei̯] cube -
square
vu [βu] down -
maa [mɑː] go -
qa [qɑ] hit -
mo [mo] hold -
će [t͡ɕe] ice -
qui [qui̯] ink -
go [ɡo] land -
yü [jy] light -
tsu [t͡su] lightning -
tü [ty] music -
ou [ou̯] person -
na [nɑ] plant -
ôi [ɔi̯] sea -
i [i] small -
fü [ɸy] snow -
ŋa [ŋɑ] speak -
ti [ti] tall -
mu [mu] together -
xo [xo] wood -

Compound Words

Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly.

The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.

Bold compound components are themselves compounds.

Nga English
Word Roots IPA Word Roots Meaning
1 2 1 2
ćevü će vu [t͡ɕeβy] ice melting ice down -
füvü fü vu [ɸyβy] snow melting snow down -
füvvüqa fü vu-qa [ɸyββyqɑ] snow cave-in snow tumble Snow that is caving in.
kuôi ku ôi [kuɔi̯] island alone sea -
kuttsui ku tsu-i [kutt͡sʉi] electron alone electric -
kuyu ku yü [kuju] light alone light A group of photons following the same trajectory
kuyyui ku yü-i [kujjʉi] photon alone glint -
miće mi će [mit͡ɕe] glass blank ice -
mixö mi xo [mixø] paper blank wood -
miŋe mi ŋe [miŋe] new blank clean -
momaa mo maa [momɑː] take hold go Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
mońi mo ńi [moɲi] bring hold come Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
mottsui mo tsu-i [mott͡sʉi] electronic tablet hold electric -
ŋattsui ŋa tsu-i [ŋɑtt͡sʉi] phone speak electric -
phone call
ŋekü ŋe ku [ŋeky] clean clean alone A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
pôi pô i [pɔi] grow big small -
pômu pô mu [pɔmu] all big together -
pômu'ou pô-mu ou [pɔmuʔou̯] population all person -
qavu qa vu [qɑβu] slam hit down -
vućë vu će [βut͡ɕɜ] hail down ice -
sleet
vufu vu fü [βuɸu] snowing down snow Snow that is falling from the sky.
vuqa vu qa [βuqɑ] tumble down hit A fall that results in a relevant impact.
vuqaffu vu-qa fü [βuqɑɸɸu] avalanche tumble snow -
vuqui vu qui [βuqui̯] ink drop down ink -
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