Verse:Mwail/Bjeheond: Difference between revisions
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*{{recon|qʷ}} > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > ''sh''; {{recon|ʁʷ}} > /ζ/ > ''rh'' | *{{recon|qʷ}} > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > ''sh''; {{recon|ʁʷ}} > /ζ/ > ''rh'' | ||
*{{recon|nw, tw, dw, sw, łw, lw, rw}} > ''nh, th, dh, sh, łh, rh, rh'' /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, ɬ̠, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/ | *{{recon|nw, tw, dw, sw, łw, lw, rw}} > ''nh, th, dh, sh, łh, rh, rh'' /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, ɬ̠, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/ | ||
**''gʷałwā'' > ''bâłh'' 'throat' ~ Thn. ''gathuā'' 'throat (also language)' | |||
*{{recon|sl-, sm-, sn-}} > ''rh-, m-, nh-'' | *{{recon|sl-, sm-, sn-}} > ''rh-, m-, nh-'' | ||
*{{recon|sɸ-, sr-, sw-}} > ''sh-, rh-, sh-'' | *{{recon|sɸ-, sr-, sw-}} > ''sh-, rh-, sh-'' | ||
*{{recon|st, sk}} > ''t-/st, th-/sth-'' | *{{recon|st, sk}} > ''t-/st, th-/sth-'' | ||
*{{recon|sb, sd, sg}} > ''rhb, rhdh, rhg'' | **{{recon|bastom}} > ''bast'' 'king' ~ Tíogall ''bast'' 'head' | ||
*{{recon|φn, tn, φl, tl}} > /ːn, ts, ːɬ, tɬ/ | *{{recon|sb, sd, sg}} > ''rhb, rhdh, rhg'' | ||
*{{recon|kt, qt}} > /jt, :ʈ/ | **{{recon|nasg-}} > ''narhg'' '3' | ||
*{{recon|kn, gn, qn}} > /jn, jn, :ɳ/ | *{{recon|φn, tn, φl, tl}} > /ːn, ts, ːɬ, tɬ/ | ||
**''oφlussus'' 'wave' > ''uałus'' | |||
*{{recon|kt, qt}} > /jt, :ʈ/ | |||
**{{recon|tektə}} > ''teit'' /teit/ 'child', {{recon|neqtə}} > ''nêth'' /neːʈ/ 'cloud' | |||
*{{recon|kn, gn, qn}} > /jn, jn, :ɳ/ | |||
**''stuknu'' > ''thuin'' 'root'; ''leqnos'' > ''lênh'' 'river' ~ Thn. ''leȝnos''; ''qrīdis'' > ''rhîd'' 'knife' ~ Thn. ''ȝrīdis'' 'edge' | |||
*{{recon|φj, tj, kj, qj}} > ''pt ss ts gh'' | *{{recon|φj, tj, kj, qj}} > ''pt ss ts gh'' | ||
*{{recon|φ-, j-, s-}} > ''h-'' | *{{recon|φ-, j-, s-}} > ''h-'' | ||
Revision as of 05:45, 18 February 2017
Rostherian /rɒʃˈtɛriən/ (erhbaerostherim 'The Rostherian language') is a Talmic language spoken in East Cuadhlabh. It is head-initial and polysynthetic.
Numbers
- 1: pêm
- 2: tiłuar
- 3: narhg
- 4: lôb
- 5: selił
- 6: thiam
- 7: ruad
- 8: lored
- 9: barh
- 10: ghîr
- 12: naes
Phonology
Among Talmic languages, Rostherian is notable for having retroflex consonants and multiple liquids.
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n̪/ | nh /ɳ/ | [ŋ] | [ɴ] | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t̪/ | th /ʈ/ | c /k/ | q /q/ | |||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d̪/ | dh /ɖ/ | g /g/ | |||||
| Continuant | voiceless | s /s/ | ł /ɬ/ | sh /ʂ/ | łh /ɬʵ/ | h /h/ | |||
| voiced | w /v~w/ | r /r/ | l /l/ | rh /ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/ | gh /ʁ/ | ||||
evidentials, quasi-polysynthetic
Vowels
i i: u u: e e: ə ə: o o: a a: ai ei iə eu uə oi ui iu
⟨i î u û e ê y ŷ o ô a â ae ei ia eu ua oe ui iu⟩
Sound changes
- *ā > ia (*nā > nia 'I'); *ō > ua; *au > ô; *ou > û; *ū > î
- *qʷ > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > sh; *ʁʷ > /ζ/ > rh
- *nw, tw, dw, sw, łw, lw, rw > nh, th, dh, sh, łh, rh, rh /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, ɬ̠, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/
- gʷałwā > bâłh 'throat' ~ Thn. gathuā 'throat (also language)'
- *sl-, sm-, sn- > rh-, m-, nh-
- *sɸ-, sr-, sw- > sh-, rh-, sh-
- *st, sk > t-/st, th-/sth-
- *bastom > bast 'king' ~ Tíogall bast 'head'
- *sb, sd, sg > rhb, rhdh, rhg
- *nasg- > narhg '3'
- *φn, tn, φl, tl > /ːn, ts, ːɬ, tɬ/
- oφlussus 'wave' > uałus
- *kt, qt > /jt, :ʈ/
- *tektə > teit /teit/ 'child', *neqtə > nêth /neːʈ/ 'cloud'
- *kn, gn, qn > /jn, jn, :ɳ/
- stuknu > thuin 'root'; leqnos > lênh 'river' ~ Thn. leȝnos; qrīdis > rhîd 'knife' ~ Thn. ȝrīdis 'edge'
- *φj, tj, kj, qj > pt ss ts gh
- *φ-, j-, s- > h-
- *skj, stj > th-/sth, s-/ss
- final short vowels lost; final -m, -s, -t lost; final long vowels shorten (ia, ua > i, u)