Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob/Lexicon: Difference between revisions

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Line 367: Line 367:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tussanis || torenis || aellinis || cacsynis
| 1SG || tussānis || torenis || aellinis || cacsynis
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussaris || toreris || aelliris || cacsyris
| 2SG || tussāris || toreris || aelliris || cacsyris
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tussamis || toremis || aellimis || cacsymis
| 3SG.M || tussāmis || toremis || aellimis || cacsymis
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tussasis || toresis || aellisis || cacsysis
| 3SG.F || tussāsis || toresis || aellisis || cacsysis
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tussas || tores || aellis || cacsis
| 3SG.N || tussās || tores || aellis || cacsis
|-
|-
| 1EX || tussamēs || toremēs || aellimēs || cacsymēs
| 1EX || tussāmēs || toremēs || aellimēs || cacsymēs
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussantis || torentis || aellintis || cacsyntis
| 1IN || tussāntis || torentis || aellintis || cacsyntis
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussasces || toresces || aellisces || cacsysces
| 2PL || tussāsces || toresces || aellisces || cacsysces
|-
|-
| 3PL || tussatis || toretis || aellitis || cacsytis
| 3PL || tussātis || toretis || aellitis || cacsytis
|}
|}
Dependent forms (shown with ''nīs'' 'not'):
Dependent forms (shown with ''nīs'' 'not'):
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || nīs tussan || nīs toren || nīs aellin || nīs cacsyn
| 1SG || nīs tussān || nīs toren || nīs aellin || nīs cacsyn
|-
|-
| 2SG || nīs tussar || nīs torer || nīs aellir || nīs cacsyr
| 2SG || nīs tussār || nīs torer || nīs aellir || nīs cacsyr
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || nīs tussam || nīs torem || nīs aellim || nīs cacsym
| 3SG.M || nīs tussām || nīs torem || nīs aellim || nīs cacsym
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || nīs tussasi || nīs toresi || nīs aellisi || nīs cacsysi
| 3SG.F || nīs tussāsi || nīs toresi || nīs aellisi || nīs cacsysi
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || nīs tussa || nīs tore || nīs aelli || nīs cacsy
| 3SG.N || nīs tussā || nīs tore || nīs aelli || nīs cacsy
|-
|-
| 1EX || nīs tussamē || nīs toremē || nīs aellimē || nīs cacsymē
| 1EX || nīs tussāmē || nīs toremē || nīs aellimē || nīs cacsymē
|-
|-
| 1IN || nīs tussant || nīs torent || nīs aellint || nīs cacsynt
| 1IN || nīs tussānt || nīs torent || nīs aellint || nīs cacsynt
|-
|-
| 2PL || nīs tussasce || nīs toresce || nīs aellisce || nīs cacsysce
| 2PL || nīs tussāsce || nīs toresce || nīs aellisce || nīs cacsysce
|-
|-
| 3PL || nīs tussat || nīs toret || nīs aellit || nīs cacsyt
| 3PL || nīs tussāt || nīs toret || nīs aellit || nīs cacsyt
|}
|}


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{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tetussanis || tetorenis || aeaellinis || cecacsynis
| 1SG || tetussānis || tetorenis || aeaellinis || cecacsynis
|-
|-
| 2SG || tetussaris || tetoreris || aeaelliris || cecacsyris
| 2SG || tetussāris || tetoreris || aeaelliris || cecacsyris
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tetussamis || tetoremis || aeaellimis || cecacsymis
| 3SG.M || tetussāmis || tetoremis || aeaellimis || cecacsymis
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tetussasis || tetoresis || aeaellisis || cecacsysis
| 3SG.F || tetussāsis || tetoresis || aeaellisis || cecacsysis
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tetussas || tetores || aeaellis || cecacsis
| 3SG.N || tetussās || tetores || aeaellis || cecacsis
|-
|-
| 1EX || tetussamēs || tetoremēs || aeaellimēs || cecacsymēs
| 1EX || tetussāmēs || tetoremēs || aeaellimēs || cecacsymēs
|-
|-
| 1IN || tetussantis || tetorentis || aeaellintis || cecacsyntis
| 1IN || tetussāntis || tetorentis || aeaellintis || cecacsyntis
|-
|-
| 2PL || tetussasces || tetoresces || aeaellisces || cecacsysces
| 2PL || tetussāsces || tetoresces || aeaellisces || cecacsysces
|-
|-
| 3PL || tetussatis || tetoretis || aeaellitis || cecacsytis
| 3PL || tetussātis || tetoretis || aeaellitis || cecacsytis
|}
|}
Dependent forms:
Dependent forms:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || nīs tetussan || nīs tetoren || nīs aeaellin || nīs cecacsyn
| 1SG || nīs tetussān || nīs tetoren || nīs aeaellin || nīs cecacsyn
|-
|-
| 2SG || nīs tetussar || nīs tetorer || nīs aeaellir || nīs cecacsyr
| 2SG || nīs tetussār || nīs tetorer || nīs aeaellir || nīs cecacsyr
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || nīs tetussam || nīs tetorem || nīs aeaellim || nīs cecacsym
| 3SG.M || nīs tetussām || nīs tetorem || nīs aeaellim || nīs cecacsym
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || nīs tetussasi || nīs tetoresi || nīs aeaellisi || nīs cecacsysis
| 3SG.F || nīs tetussāsi || nīs tetoresi || nīs aeaellisi || nīs cecacsysis
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || nīs tetussa || nīs tetore || nīs aeaelli || nīs cecacsy
| 3SG.N || nīs tetussā || nīs tetore || nīs aeaelli || nīs cecacsy
|-
|-
| 1EX || nīs tetussamē || nīs tetoremē || nīs aeaellimē || nīs cecacsymē
| 1EX || nīs tetussāmē || nīs tetoremē || nīs aeaellimē || nīs cecacsymē
|-
|-
| 1IN || nīs tetussant || nīs tetorent || nīs aeaellint || nīs cecacsynt
| 1IN || nīs tetussānt || nīs tetorent || nīs aeaellint || nīs cecacsynt
|-
|-
| 2PL || nīs tetussasce || nīs tetoresce || nīs aeaellisce || nīs cecacsysce
| 2PL || nīs tetussāsce || nīs tetoresce || nīs aeaellisce || nīs cecacsysce
|-
|-
| 3PL || nīs tetussat || nīs tetoret || nīs aeaellit || nīs cecacsyt
| 3PL || nīs tetussāt || nīs tetoret || nīs aeaellit || nīs cecacsyt
|}
|}


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{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tussannemis || torennemis || aellinnemis || cēnnemis
| 1SG || tussānnemis || torennemis || aellinnemis || cēnnemis
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussavȳs || torevȳs || aellivȳs || cēvȳs
| 2SG || tussāvȳs || torevȳs || aellivȳs || cēvȳs
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tussasmis || toresmis || aellismis || cēsmis
| 3SG.M || tussāsmis || toresmis || aellismis || cēsmis
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tussastis || torestis || aellistis || cēstis
| 3SG.F || tussāstis || torestis || aellistis || cēstis
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tussasos || toresos || aellisos || cēsos
| 3SG.N || tussāsos || toresos || aellisos || cēsos
|-
|-
| 1EX || tussameris || toremeris || aellimeris || cēmeris
| 1EX || tussāmeris || toremeris || aellimeris || cēmeris
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussanteris || torenteris || aellinteris || cēnteris
| 1IN || tussānteris || torenteris || aellinteris || cēnteris
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussasceris || toresceris || aellisceris || cēsceris
| 2PL || tussāsceris || toresceris || aellisceris || cēsceris
|-
|-
| 3PL || tussateris || toreteris || aelliteris || cēteris
| 3PL || tussāteris || toreteris || aelliteris || cēteris
|}
|}
Dependent forms:
Dependent forms:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || nīs tussannem || nīs torennem || nīs aellinnem || nīs cēnnem
| 1SG || nīs tussānnem || nīs torennem || nīs aellinnem || nīs cēnnem
|-
|-
| 2SG || nīs tussavȳ || nīs torevȳ || nīs aellivȳ || nīs cēvȳ
| 2SG || nīs tussāvȳ || nīs torevȳ || nīs aellivȳ || nīs cēvȳ
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || nīs tussasmi || nīs toresmi || nīs aellismi || nīs cēsmi
| 3SG.M || nīs tussāsmi || nīs toresmi || nīs aellismi || nīs cēsmi
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || nīs tussasti || nīs toresti || nīs aellisti || nīs cēsti
| 3SG.F || nīs tussāsti || nīs toresti || nīs aellisti || nīs cēsti
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || nīs tussaso || nīs toreso || nīs aelliso || nīs cēso
| 3SG.N || nīs tussāso || nīs toreso || nīs aelliso || nīs cēso
|-
|-
| 1EX || nīs tussamer || nīs toremer || nīs aellimer || nīs cēmer
| 1EX || nīs tussāmer || nīs toremer || nīs aellimer || nīs cēmer
|-
|-
| 1IN || nīs tussanter || nīs torenter || nīs aellinter ||  nīs cēnter
| 1IN || nīs tussānter || nīs torenter || nīs aellinter ||  nīs cēnter
|-
|-
| 2PL || nīs tussascer || nīs torescer || nīs aelliscer || nīs cēscer
| 2PL || nīs tussāscer || nīs torescer || nīs aelliscer || nīs cēscer
|-
|-
| 3PL || nīs tussater || nīs toreter || nīs aelliter || nīs cēter
| 3PL || nīs tussāter || nīs toreter || nīs aelliter || nīs cēter
|}
|}


Line 527: Line 527:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tussatēnis || toretēnis || cāstēnis
| 1SG || tussātēnis || toretēnis || cāstēnis
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussatēris || toretēris || cāstēris
| 2SG || tussātēris || toretēris || cāstēris
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tussatēmis || toretēmis || cāstēmis
| 3SG.M || tussātēmis || toretēmis || cāstēmis
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tussatēsis || toretēsis || cāstēsis
| 3SG.F || tussātēsis || toretēsis || cāstēsis
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tussatēs || toretēs || cāstēs
| 3SG.N || tussātēs || toretēs || cāstēs
|-
|-
| 1EX || tussatēmēs || toretēmēs || cāstēmēs
| 1EX || tussātēmēs || toretēmēs || cāstēmēs
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussatēntis || toretēntis || cāstēntis
| 1IN || tussātēntis || toretēntis || cāstēntis
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussatēsces || toretēsces || cāstēsces
| 2PL || tussātēsces || toretēsces || cāstēsces
|-
|-
| 3PL || tussatētis || toretētis || cāstētis
| 3PL || tussātētis || toretētis || cāstētis
|}
|}
Dependent forms:
Dependent forms:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || nīs tussatēn || nīs toretēn || nīs cāstēn
| 1SG || nīs tussātēn || nīs toretēn || nīs cāstēn
|-
|-
| 2SG || nīs tussatēr || nīs toretēr || nīs cāstēr
| 2SG || nīs tussātēr || nīs toretēr || nīs cāstēr
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || nīs tussatēm || nīs toretēm || nīs cāstēm
| 3SG.M || nīs tussātēm || nīs toretēm || nīs cāstēm
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || nīs tussatēsi || nīs toretēsi || nīs cāstēsi
| 3SG.F || nīs tussātēsi || nīs toretēsi || nīs cāstēsi
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || nīs tussatē || nīs toretē || nīs cāstē
| 3SG.N || nīs tussātē || nīs toretē || nīs cāstē
|-
|-
| 1EX || nīs tussatēmē || nīs toretēmē || nīs cāstēmē
| 1EX || nīs tussātēmē || nīs toretēmē || nīs cāstēmē
|-
|-
| 1IN || nīs tussatēnt || nīs toretēnt || nīs cāstēnt
| 1IN || nīs tussātēnt || nīs toretēnt || nīs cāstēnt
|-
|-
| 2PL || nīs tussatēsce || nīs toretēsce || nīs cāstēsce
| 2PL || nīs tussātēsce || nīs toretēsce || nīs cāstēsce
|-
|-
| 3PL || nīs tussatēt || nīs toretēt || nīs cāstēt
| 3PL || nīs tussātēt || nīs toretēt || nīs cāstēt
|}
|}


Line 575: Line 575:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tussanaes || torenaes || cacsynaes  
| 1SG || tussānaes || torenaes || cacsynaes  
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussaraes || toreraes || cacsyraes  
| 2SG || tussāraes || toreraes || cacsyraes  
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tussamioris || toremioris || cacsymioris  
| 3SG.M || tussāmioris || toremioris || cacsymioris  
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tussasioris || toresioris || cacsysioris  
| 3SG.F || tussāsioris || toresioris || cacsysioris  
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tussoris || torioris || cacsioris  
| 3SG.N || tussoris || torioris || cacsioris  
|-
|-
| 1EX || tussamaes || toremaes || cacsymaes  
| 1EX || tussāmaes || toremaes || cacsymaes  
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussantaes || torentaes || cacsyntaes  
| 1IN || tussāntaes || torentaes || cacsyntaes  
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussascaes || torescaes || cacsyscaes  
| 2PL || tussāscaes || torescaes || cacsyscaes  
|-
|-
| 3PL || tussatioris || toretioris || cacsytioris  
| 3PL || tussātioris || toretioris || cacsytioris  
|}
|}
Dependent forms (shown with the irrealis negative ''δā''):
Dependent forms (shown with the irrealis negative ''δā''):
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || δā tussanae || δā torenae || δā cacsynae  
| 1SG || δā tussānae || δā torenae || δā cacsynae  
|-
|-
| 2SG || δā tussarae || δā torerae || δā cacsyrae
| 2SG || δā tussārae || δā torerae || δā cacsyrae
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || δā tussamior || δā toremior || δā cacsymior  
| 3SG.M || δā tussāmior || δā toremior || δā cacsymior  
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || δā tussasior || δā toresior || δā cacsysior  
| 3SG.F || δā tussāsior || δā toresior || δā cacsysior  
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || δā tussor || δā torior || δā cacsior  
| 3SG.N || δā tussor || δā torior || δā cacsior  
|-
|-
| 1EX || δā tussamae || δā toremae || δā cacsymae  
| 1EX || δā tussāmae || δā toremae || δā cacsymae  
|-
|-
| 1IN || δā tussantae || δā torentae || δā cacsyntae  
| 1IN || δā tussāntae || δā torentae || δā cacsyntae  
|-
|-
| 2PL || δā tussascae || δā torescae || δā cacsyscae  
| 2PL || δā tussāscae || δā torescae || δā cacsyscae  
|-
|-
| 3PL || δā tussatior || δā toretior || δā cacsytior  
| 3PL || δā tussātior || δā toretior || δā cacsytior  
|}
|}


Line 624: Line 624:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || tussaedonis || torēdonis || cacsidonis  
| 1SG || tussāedonis || torēdonis || cacsidonis  
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussaedoris || torēdoris || cacsidoris  
| 2SG || tussāedoris || torēdoris || cacsidoris  
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || tussaedomis || torēdomis || cacsidomis  
| 3SG.M || tussāedomis || torēdomis || cacsidomis  
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || tussaedosis || torēdosis || cacsidosis  
| 3SG.F || tussāedosis || torēdosis || cacsidosis  
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || tussaedos || torēdos || cacsidos  
| 3SG.N || tussāedos || torēdos || cacsidos  
|-
|-
| 1EX || tussaedomēs || torēdomēs || cacsidomēs  
| 1EX || tussāedomēs || torēdomēs || cacsidomēs  
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussaedontis || torēdontis || cacsidontis  
| 1IN || tussāedontis || torēdontis || cacsidontis  
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussaedosces || torēdosces || cacsidosces  
| 2PL || tussāedosces || torēdosces || cacsidosces  
|-
|-
| 3PL || tussaedotis || torēdotis || cacsidotis  
| 3PL || tussāedotis || torēdotis || cacsidotis  
|}
|}
Dependent forms:
Dependent forms:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 1SG || δā tussaedon || δā torēdon || δā cacsidon  
| 1SG || δā tussāedon || δā torēdon || δā cacsidon  
|-
|-
| 2SG || δā tussaedor || δā torēdor || δā cacsidor
| 2SG || δā tussāedor || δā torēdor || δā cacsidor
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || δā tussaedom || δā torēdom || δā cacsidom  
| 3SG.M || δā tussāedom || δā torēdom || δā cacsidom  
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || δā tussaedosi || δā torēdosi || δā cacsidosi  
| 3SG.F || δā tussāedosi || δā torēdosi || δā cacsidosi  
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || δā tussaedo || δā torēdo || δā cacsido  
| 3SG.N || δā tussāedo || δā torēdo || δā cacsido  
|-
|-
| 1EX || δā tussaedomē || δā torēdomē || δā cacsidomē  
| 1EX || δā tussāedomē || δā torēdomē || δā cacsidomē  
|-
|-
| 1IN || δā tussaedont || δā torēdont || δā cacsidont  
| 1IN || δā tussāedont || δā torēdont || δā cacsidont  
|-
|-
| 2PL || δā tussaedosce || δā torēdosce || δā cacsidosce  
| 2PL || δā tussāedosce || δā torēdosce || δā cacsidosce  
|-
|-
| 3PL || δā tussaedot || δā torēdot || δā cacsidot  
| 3PL || δā tussāedot || δā torēdot || δā cacsidot  
|}
|}


Line 672: Line 672:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person  !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person  !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 2SG || tussās! || torēs! || aellīs! || cacsys!
| 2SG || tussās! || torēs! || aellīs! || cacsys!
|-
|-
| 1IN || tussantēs! || torentēs! || aellintēs! || cacsyntēs!
| 1IN || tussāntēs! || torentēs! || aellintēs! || cacsyntēs!
|-
|-
| 2PL || tussascēs! || torescēs! || aelliscēs! || cacsyscēs!
| 2PL || tussāscēs! || torescēs! || aelliscēs! || cacsyscēs!
|}
|}
Dependent forms:
Dependent forms:
{| class="bluetable"
{| class="bluetable"
|-
|-
! Person !! ''tussanis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
! Person !! ''tussānis'' "I pray"<br/>(a-stem) !! ''torenis'' "I bloom, flourish"<br/>(e-stem) !! ''aellinis'' "I love"<br/>(i-stem) !! ''cacsynis'' "I eat"<br/>(ablaut stem)  
|-
|-
| 2SG || δā tussā! || δā torē! || δā aellī! || δā cacsy!
| 2SG || δā tussā! || δā torē! || δā aellī! || δā cacsy!
|-
|-
| 1IN || δā tussantē! || δā torentē! || δā aellintē! || δā cacsyntē!
| 1IN || δā tussāntē! || δā torentē! || δā aellintē! || δā cacsyntē!
|-
|-
| 2PL || δā tussascē! || δā torescē! || δā aelliscē! || δā cacsyscē!
| 2PL || δā tussāscē! || δā torescē! || δā aelliscē! || δā cacsyscē!
|}
|}


Revision as of 15:38, 4 September 2017

Ablaut

Root ablaut occurs in some stems in verbs and derived nouns. Ablauting verbs follow one of the patterns below (modulo compensatory lengthening); the present stem is in what is called the "a-grade" in Quihum linguistics, and the preterite stem has the "i-grade". (Also cf. Ancient Wiebian.)

  • present stem a - preterite stem e
  • present stem ā - preterite stem ē
  • present stem o - preterite stem i
  • present stem ō - preterite stem ī
  • present stem ō - preterite stem ē
  • present stem ȳ - preterite stem ē
  • present stem ao - preterite stem iū
  • present stem ao - preterite stem iō

Nouns and adjectives

Thensarian nouns inflect for singulative, collective and plurative numbers and for absolute and construct state. There are also possessive suffixes.

Masculine nouns

Possible endings: -am, -em, -im, -om, -um, -ym

δȳrom 'bird'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Indefinite δȳrom δeδȳrom δȳrīs


Possessed forms of δȳrom - 'bird'
Number→
State↓ 		Singulative Plurative
Construct δȳrot δȳrinnyt
1sg possessor δȳrōn δȳroryn
2sg.m possessor δȳrossi δȳroressi
2sg.f possessor δȳrossy δȳroressy
3sg.m possessor δȳry δȳrory
3sg.f possessor δȳrī δȳrorī
3sg.n possessor δȳra δȳrora
1exc possessor δȳrommo δȳrorammo
1inc possessor δȳront δȳrorynt
2pl possessor δȳrocca δȳrorecca
3pl possessor δȳrōr δȳrorōr

Feminine nouns

Possible endings: -ā, -ē, -ī, -ō, -ū

gondā 'body'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Indefinite gondā gegondā gondār
Definite gondām gegondām gondās


Possessed forms of gondā - 'body'
Number→
State↓ 		Singulative Plurative
Construct gondāt gondāsat
1sg possessor gondaen gondannan
2sg.m possessor gondaessi gondannassi
2sg.f possessor gondaessy gondannassy
3sg.m possessor gondae gondanny
3sg.f possessor gondaeī gondannī
3sg.n possessor gondaea gondanna
1exc possessor gondaemmo gondannammo
1inc possessor gondaent gondannynt
2pl possessor gondaecca gondannecca
3pl possessor gondaeōr gondannōr

Neuter nouns

Possible endings: -as, -es, -is, -os, -us, -ys or a consonantal ending (-s or null ending)

tectys 'child'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Indefinite tectys tetectys tectȳn


Possessed forms of tectys - 'child'
Number→
State↓ 		Singulative Plurative
Construct tectyt tectȳt
1sg possessor tectyn tectȳsin
2sg.m possessor tectyssi tectȳssi
2sg.f possessor tectyssy tectȳssy
3sg.m possessor tectymy tectȳsiō
3sg.f possessor tectymī tectȳsī
3sg.n possessor tectyma tectȳsia
1exc possessor tectȳmmo tectȳsimmo
1inc possessor tectȳnt tectȳsint
2pl possessor tectȳcca tectȳsicca
3pl possessor tectymōr tectȳsiōr

Mass nouns

jenās 'water' (n.)
Singulative Collective
Indefinite jenās jenenās


stucs 'fire' (n.)
Singulative Collective
Indefinite stucs stetucs

Adjectives

The predicative form of an adjective is the indefinite form.

-am, -em, -im, -om, -um, -ym


lāmam 'good'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Masculine Indefinite lāmam lelāmam lāmaes
Definite lāmae lelāmae lāmanny
Feminine Indefinite lāmā lelāmā lāmar
Definite lāmām lelāmām lāmās
Neuter Indefinite lāmas lelāmas lāmān
Definite lāmās lelāmās lāmār


tryvim 'green'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Masculine Indefinite tryvim tetryvim tryvēs
Definite tryvē tetryvē tryvinny
Feminine Indefinite tryvī tetryvī tryvir
Definite tryvīm tetryvīm tryvīs
Neuter Indefinite tryvis tetryvis tryvīn
Definite tryvīs tetryvīs tetryvīr


stratum 'salty'
Singulative Collective Plurative
Masculine Indefinite stratum sestratum stratuis
Definite stratui sestratui stratunny
Feminine Indefinite stratū sestratū stratur
Definite stratūm sestratūm stratūs
Neuter Indefinite stratus sestratus stratūn
Definite stratūs sestratūs stratūr

Verbs

The verbal system is one of the most complex aspects of Mwail/Old Gloob/Lexicon grammar. A verb can take many affixes which are arranged in the following template:

  1. switch-reference marker
  2. applicative or derivational prefixes
  3. object prefix
  4. (prefix or reduplication for some TAMs)
  5. STEM
  6. voice suffix
  7. TAM + subject
  8. emphatic suffix -is

Verbs often take an emphatic suffix or clitic -is, which is more often used with affirmative statements than negative statements.

Object markers

Object affixes
Singular Plural
1 in- mē-
1 + 2 - cē-
2 ti- sē-
3 bi- nē-

Voice markers

  • -ro- = passive marker

TAM + subject markers

Thensarian verbs are conjugated in present, imperfect, preterite, future, perfect, and pluperfect tenses; indicative, subjunctive, optative and imperative moods; and active and passive voices. There are two major paradigms of verbs, ignoring principal parts:

  • Consonant stems: (-y-)
  • Vowel stems: -a-, -e-, -i-, -o-, -u-

The emphatic marker is usually added to declarative verbs when there is no preverbal particle (e.g. nīs 'not', rin relativizer):

  • cacsynis = I eat
  • nīs cacsyn = I do not eat

Collective nouns take the singular form of the verb.

Present

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tussānis torenis aellinis cacsynis
2SG tussāris toreris aelliris cacsyris
3SG.M tussāmis toremis aellimis cacsymis
3SG.F tussāsis toresis aellisis cacsysis
3SG.N tussās tores aellis cacsis
1EX tussāmēs toremēs aellimēs cacsymēs
1IN tussāntis torentis aellintis cacsyntis
2PL tussāsces toresces aellisces cacsysces
3PL tussātis toretis aellitis cacsytis

Dependent forms (shown with nīs 'not'):

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG nīs tussān nīs toren nīs aellin nīs cacsyn
2SG nīs tussār nīs torer nīs aellir nīs cacsyr
3SG.M nīs tussām nīs torem nīs aellim nīs cacsym
3SG.F nīs tussāsi nīs toresi nīs aellisi nīs cacsysi
3SG.N nīs tussā nīs tore nīs aelli nīs cacsy
1EX nīs tussāmē nīs toremē nīs aellimē nīs cacsymē
1IN nīs tussānt nīs torent nīs aellint nīs cacsynt
2PL nīs tussāsce nīs toresce nīs aellisce nīs cacsysce
3PL nīs tussāt nīs toret nīs aellit nīs cacsyt

Imperfect

Uses reduplication:

  • Stems beginning in a vowel uses the first vowel (shortened) + the first following consonant as the reduplicant - the exact reduplicant often depends on the word, though.
  • Stems beginning in ħ- or ȝ- just use the first V as the redupliant: ȝastranis 'I laugh', aȝastranis 'I used to laugh'.

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tetussānis tetorenis aeaellinis cecacsynis
2SG tetussāris tetoreris aeaelliris cecacsyris
3SG.M tetussāmis tetoremis aeaellimis cecacsymis
3SG.F tetussāsis tetoresis aeaellisis cecacsysis
3SG.N tetussās tetores aeaellis cecacsis
1EX tetussāmēs tetoremēs aeaellimēs cecacsymēs
1IN tetussāntis tetorentis aeaellintis cecacsyntis
2PL tetussāsces tetoresces aeaellisces cecacsysces
3PL tetussātis tetoretis aeaellitis cecacsytis

Dependent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG nīs tetussān nīs tetoren nīs aeaellin nīs cecacsyn
2SG nīs tetussār nīs tetorer nīs aeaellir nīs cecacsyr
3SG.M nīs tetussām nīs tetorem nīs aeaellim nīs cecacsym
3SG.F nīs tetussāsi nīs tetoresi nīs aeaellisi nīs cecacsysis
3SG.N nīs tetussā nīs tetore nīs aeaelli nīs cecacsy
1EX nīs tetussāmē nīs tetoremē nīs aeaellimē nīs cecacsymē
1IN nīs tetussānt nīs tetorent nīs aeaellint nīs cecacsynt
2PL nīs tetussāsce nīs tetoresce nīs aeaellisce nīs cecacsysce
3PL nīs tetussāt nīs tetoret nīs aeaellit nīs cecacsyt

Preterite

Verbs whose stem terminates in a consonant - especially the ablauting verbs - may change the stem form in the preterite.

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tussānnemis torennemis aellinnemis cēnnemis
2SG tussāvȳs torevȳs aellivȳs cēvȳs
3SG.M tussāsmis toresmis aellismis cēsmis
3SG.F tussāstis torestis aellistis cēstis
3SG.N tussāsos toresos aellisos cēsos
1EX tussāmeris toremeris aellimeris cēmeris
1IN tussānteris torenteris aellinteris cēnteris
2PL tussāsceris toresceris aellisceris cēsceris
3PL tussāteris toreteris aelliteris cēteris

Dependent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG nīs tussānnem nīs torennem nīs aellinnem nīs cēnnem
2SG nīs tussāvȳ nīs torevȳ nīs aellivȳ nīs cēvȳ
3SG.M nīs tussāsmi nīs toresmi nīs aellismi nīs cēsmi
3SG.F nīs tussāsti nīs toresti nīs aellisti nīs cēsti
3SG.N nīs tussāso nīs toreso nīs aelliso nīs cēso
1EX nīs tussāmer nīs toremer nīs aellimer nīs cēmer
1IN nīs tussānter nīs torenter nīs aellinter nīs cēnter
2PL nīs tussāscer nīs torescer nīs aelliscer nīs cēscer
3PL nīs tussāter nīs toreter nīs aelliter nīs cēter

Future

Verbs whose stem terminates in a consonant may change the stem form in the future.

Phonological rules for consonant stems:

  • m + t > nt
  • b, φ, g + t > ct
  • cs + t > :st
  • θ, δ + t > θθ (or metathesis to ts > ss?)
  • d + t > tt
  • ȝ + t > ħt

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tussātēnis toretēnis cāstēnis
2SG tussātēris toretēris cāstēris
3SG.M tussātēmis toretēmis cāstēmis
3SG.F tussātēsis toretēsis cāstēsis
3SG.N tussātēs toretēs cāstēs
1EX tussātēmēs toretēmēs cāstēmēs
1IN tussātēntis toretēntis cāstēntis
2PL tussātēsces toretēsces cāstēsces
3PL tussātētis toretētis cāstētis

Dependent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG nīs tussātēn nīs toretēn nīs cāstēn
2SG nīs tussātēr nīs toretēr nīs cāstēr
3SG.M nīs tussātēm nīs toretēm nīs cāstēm
3SG.F nīs tussātēsi nīs toretēsi nīs cāstēsi
3SG.N nīs tussātē nīs toretē nīs cāstē
1EX nīs tussātēmē nīs toretēmē nīs cāstēmē
1IN nīs tussātēnt nīs toretēnt nīs cāstēnt
2PL nīs tussātēsce nīs toretēsce nīs cāstēsce
3PL nīs tussātēt nīs toretēt nīs cāstēt

Jussive

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tussānaes torenaes cacsynaes
2SG tussāraes toreraes cacsyraes
3SG.M tussāmioris toremioris cacsymioris
3SG.F tussāsioris toresioris cacsysioris
3SG.N tussoris torioris cacsioris
1EX tussāmaes toremaes cacsymaes
1IN tussāntaes torentaes cacsyntaes
2PL tussāscaes torescaes cacsyscaes
3PL tussātioris toretioris cacsytioris

Dependent forms (shown with the irrealis negative δā):

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG δā tussānae δā torenae δā cacsynae
2SG δā tussārae δā torerae δā cacsyrae
3SG.M δā tussāmior δā toremior δā cacsymior
3SG.F δā tussāsior δā toresior δā cacsysior
3SG.N δā tussor δā torior δā cacsior
1EX δā tussāmae δā toremae δā cacsymae
1IN δā tussāntae δā torentae δā cacsyntae
2PL δā tussāscae δā torescae δā cacsyscae
3PL δā tussātior δā toretior δā cacsytior

Optative

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG tussāedonis torēdonis cacsidonis
2SG tussāedoris torēdoris cacsidoris
3SG.M tussāedomis torēdomis cacsidomis
3SG.F tussāedosis torēdosis cacsidosis
3SG.N tussāedos torēdos cacsidos
1EX tussāedomēs torēdomēs cacsidomēs
1IN tussāedontis torēdontis cacsidontis
2PL tussāedosces torēdosces cacsidosces
3PL tussāedotis torēdotis cacsidotis

Dependent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
1SG δā tussāedon δā torēdon δā cacsidon
2SG δā tussāedor δā torēdor δā cacsidor
3SG.M δā tussāedom δā torēdom δā cacsidom
3SG.F δā tussāedosi δā torēdosi δā cacsidosi
3SG.N δā tussāedo δā torēdo δā cacsido
1EX δā tussāedomē δā torēdomē δā cacsidomē
1IN δā tussāedont δā torēdont δā cacsidont
2PL δā tussāedosce δā torēdosce δā cacsidosce
3PL δā tussāedot δā torēdot δā cacsidot

Imperative

Independent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
2SG tussās! torēs! aellīs! cacsys!
1IN tussāntēs! torentēs! aellintēs! cacsyntēs!
2PL tussāscēs! torescēs! aelliscēs! cacsyscēs!

Dependent forms:

Person tussānis "I pray"
(a-stem)		 torenis "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem)		 aellinis "I love"
(i-stem)		 cacsynis "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
2SG δā tussā! δā torē! δā aellī! δā cacsy!
1IN δā tussāntē! δā torentē! δā aellintē! δā cacsyntē!
2PL δā tussāscē! δā torescē! δā aelliscē! δā cacsyscē!

Non-finite forms

Thensarian has multiple infinitives and participles for each verb.

Infinitives

  • Supine: -s
  • Verbal noun: -ācos
  • Adverbial infintive: -nos

Participles

  • Present participle: -gim
  • Past participle: -ignym
  • Future participle: -tēgim

Derivational morphology

  • ar- = on
  • as- = telic
  • aφor- = through
  • φēs- = co-, together

Numbers

  • 1: cēmom
  • 2: tiθōr
  • 3: narge
  • 4: δaobe
  • 5: salithe
  • 6: stāmym
  • 7: rōde
  • 8: lorede
  • 9: barve
  • 10: ħiōr
  • 11: jācēm
  • 12: cnaesā
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