Naeng/Wordlist: Difference between revisions
< Naeng
mNo edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
**tsăfongum = to assign (someone as), to nominate | **tsăfongum = to assign (someone as), to nominate | ||
**tsăreayum = to stigmatize | **tsăreayum = to stigmatize | ||
*crirath = doubt (from | *crirath = doubt (from cirea rath "two thoughts") | ||
*chtif = bee | *chtif = bee | ||
*lăhoal = rest, remainder | *lăhoal = rest, remainder | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
**fănaw fănaw = verily, forsooth | **fănaw fănaw = verily, forsooth | ||
**șän-fănaw = wake-up call | **șän-fănaw = wake-up call | ||
*ămflü = ( | *ămflü = (literary) wake up | ||
**ăthămflü = wake up | **ăthămflü = wake up | ||
*chărea'i = to scorn | *chărea'i = to scorn | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
*chnărwüng = excellent | *chnărwüng = excellent | ||
*bü = baby | *bü = baby | ||
*Wen Lăchua = ( | *Wen Lăchua = (poetic) Wen Dămea | ||
*tge = voice | *tge = voice | ||
*ăyied = (smaller) box | *ăyied = (smaller) box | ||
*lăpüts = chest, larger box | *lăpüts = chest, larger box | ||
*tge-ba = person (calque from Eevo | *tge-ba = person (calque from Eevo vyllwar) | ||
*lăłof = trombone | *lăłof = trombone | ||
*lithgow = to act, to play a character (actor) | *lithgow = to act, to play a character (actor) | ||
| Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
*hathbur = artificial, manmade | *hathbur = artificial, manmade | ||
*sănoc = to multiply, to copy | *sănoc = to multiply, to copy | ||
*socsănoc = ( | *socsănoc = (linguistics) to reduplicate | ||
*binsocsănoc = ( | *binsocsănoc = (linguistics) reduplication | ||
* | *năse = today | ||
* | *ngothreach = accent | ||
* | *ngăwes = strong | ||
* | *năhän = weak | ||
* | *cdeal = daring, bold | ||
* | *tsăm'oap = to split, to fork | ||
* | *slăda = to grind | ||
* | *pra = polite 2sg pronoun | ||
** | **impra = polite 2pl pronoun | ||
* | *sahănuł = empire | ||
* | *łăduy = again | ||
* | *fnüc = hour | ||
* | *thăyol = to use | ||
* | *thof ăcreng = guppy | ||
* | *triem băr'i = rhinoceros -- a neologism from brey 'horn' and cră'i 'nose' | ||
* | *thăreng = net | ||
* | *ăcărłüth = colorful | ||
* | *binngistoach = network (of people) | ||
* | *thăreng tsor sngeaf = WWW | ||
* | *sapleach = glory | ||
* | *pănărleach = glorious | ||
* | *mot = equative copula | ||
* | *chmi = to be at | ||
* | *ruay = to have; there exists | ||
* | *făsor = away from | ||
* | *șămar = mile | ||
* | *wăthra = "zillion" | ||
* | *părtos = pavilion | ||
* | *sngan = open | ||
* | *călciel = tile | ||
* | *pătseal = rage, fury | ||
* | *chwăhe = sad | ||
* | *hoad = often | ||
* | *ceath = to become | ||
* | *căfol = (Modern) to become | ||
* | *yeang = dew | ||
* | *twas = lamp | ||
* | *păthan = stick | ||
** | **păthănthan = (Modern) chopstick(s) | ||
* | *ăfăyfay = calmly, nonchalantly | ||
* | *binpăreatü = violence | ||
* | *șăgor = spirit, soul | ||
* | *tsoa = morning | ||
* | *ărăngeal = terrible | ||
* | *stăthed = same | ||
* | *lăhal = pen | ||
* | *wăyha = death | ||
* | *tăgib = frost | ||
* | *op = (Classical) voici! here it is! | ||
* | *călu = (Classical) it is obvious, it can be seen | ||
** | **placănărlu = obvious | ||
* | *tsămüt = paper | ||
* | *hădüel = evening | ||
* | *łăhea = must | ||
* | *lăhüł = to whisper | ||
* | *ăguas = hinge | ||
* | *tsră'am = to be tired | ||
* | *łăhoam = to praise | ||
* | *nă'üng = until | ||
* | *thuthănggem = to desire | ||
* | *sti = to distribute, to spread | ||
* | *păhuch = wise, astute | ||
* | *łam = place | ||
* | *łamthutălieng = laboratory | ||
* | *chnur = song | ||
** | **chnărnur = (Modern) art song | ||
* | *cda = (Modern) ta-da! | ||
* | *hüec trămäy = umbrella | ||
* | *ăwieng = to perform, to have an effect | ||
* | *thăceas = beard | ||
* | *tsăding = lung | ||
* | *rătsof Łălad = the galaxy to which Tricin's sun belongs (lit. 'Łălad's path'; Łălad is a mythical figure) | ||
* | *pălat = alcoholic drink | ||
** | **thwălat = to ferment into ethanol | ||
* | *măgän = vinegar | ||
* | *răsu = flesh, meat | ||
* | *răsu = galaxy (from [[Tseezh]] zhaxu) | ||
* | *tsăley = joyful | ||
* | *Tsor ngean to mif fnüd ășeal! = Happy birthday! | ||
* | *yămał = element | ||
* | *ăläch = task, assignment | ||
* | *cădüp = kernel | ||
* | *hălcăngeb = heritage | ||
* | *fă'oy = to win (a game), to pass (a test) | ||
* | *emfă'oy = to acquire | ||
* | *făm'oy = to grant | ||
* | *măruth = salt | ||
** | **mișruth = salty | ||
* | *dual = sound, tone | ||
* | *dălisual = chord | ||
* | *lăblach = to sound | ||
* | *thuhămil = to resonate | ||
** | **eanăhil = to echo | ||
* | *prüen = sour | ||
** | **păyrüen = acid | ||
* | *oal = bitter | ||
* | *chmol = wheat | ||
* | *wăgier = tempeh | ||
* | *cea = rice | ||
* | *fă'iel = bread | ||
* | *thwäs = tears | ||
* | *sraf = forward | ||
* | *răbüch = leap | ||
* | *srathbüch = antelope (with some random changes) | ||
* | *mithbua = prayer | ||
* | *tuath = gratitude | ||
* | *ngituath (șa-) = to thank | ||
* | *thew = basis | ||
* | *rüe = give | ||
** | **thrüe = offer | ||
** | **răfongüe = to endow | ||
** | **răchemüe = to donate; to give charitably | ||
* | *snüe = land | ||
* | *moang = for (benefactive) | ||
* | *ba = through | ||
* | *crea = think | ||
* | *șămchats = to endeavor, to give effort | ||
* | *swoch = self | ||
* | *tsămăchean = to request | ||
* | *mitsmăchean = (intj) please | ||
* | *cithwił = receive | ||
* | *pămrang = be pleased | ||
* | *tăthathbur = create | ||
* | *yăthpeaș = mediocre | ||
* | *șăbac = increase | ||
* | *rithuy = rich | ||
* | *ămdaw = past | ||
* | *cots = whole | ||
* | *tănar = home | ||
* | *mășua = (genitive) | ||
* | *thănge = (Classical) after | ||
* | *năbath = to sweat | ||
* | *cithfaw = to come forth | ||
* | *trămäy = rain | ||
* | *hac = passive particle | ||
* | *săchemnüch = bless | ||
* | *thăbur = work | ||
* | *tatsliet = urgent | ||
* | *sipoach = harvest | ||
* | *tămo = (literary) greatly, very (intensifier for verbs and adjectives) | ||
* | *hif = to sell | ||
* | *thuhif = to advertise, to market | ||
* | *ăgat = to cook | ||
* | *ngăpngap = disturbed | ||
* | *güf = bread | ||
* | *gleaș = to fry | ||
* | *fngor = alcoholic drink | ||
* | *răbiel = spring (mechanical device) | ||
* | *hăwä = pot | ||
* | *wădey = stove | ||
* | *feats = pan; stir-fry | ||
* | *plaw = honey | ||
* | *tăloac = die, cube | ||
* | *rătsal = to call | ||
** | **răytsal = order | ||
** | **rămtsal = to invoke | ||
* | *ătsuy = farm | ||
** | **nu'ătsuy = farmer | ||
* | *łălen = to beware | ||
* | *măsol = falsehood | ||
** | **yămsol = false | ||
* | *fnüd se = today | ||
* | *fnüd saf = yesterday | ||
* | *fnüd nang = tomorrow | ||
* | *fnüd łăbie-nang = the day after tomorrow | ||
* | *fnüd tăngap-saf = the day before yesterday | ||
* | *wăłon = to gather | ||
* | *chrăbong = easy | ||
** | **chnărăbong = complacent | ||
* | *tăngap = before | ||
** | **tămngap = to prepare | ||
** | **tălisngap = to foretell | ||
* | *łăbie = after | ||
** | **łăngbie = to delay | ||
** | **thułăngbie = to procrastinate | ||
* | *roan = to wait | ||
** | **nuroan = patient (adj.) | ||
* | *thăwä = border | ||
* | *thănwä = to border | ||
* | *ngiș = dune | ||
* | *tăru = a flourish; an ornament | ||
* | *ftoał = corner | ||
* | *smin = flow | ||
* | *chüem = flow | ||
* | *hăgea = bundle | ||
** | **hișcea = to bind, tie together | ||
** | **hăliscea = to associate | ||
* | *tănet = to breed | ||
** | **tănnăret = cultivated | ||
* | *săngäł = mallet | ||
* | *cieng = block | ||
* | *mădo = to lose (something) | ||
** | **plamăpto = (euphemistic) to pass away | ||
** | **endămisto = (Modern) to wander | ||
** | **măreado = to abandon | ||
* | *fră'es = sick | ||
* | *mäw = to hug | ||
* | *ăthie = to take out of water; save | ||
* | *chrifas = apple | ||
* | *reach = to tell | ||
** | **preach = messenger | ||
** | **prămeach = angel | ||
** | **ritheach = news | ||
** | **nureach = storyteller | ||
* | *pamithlin = (mathematics) complex (relating to complex numbers) | ||
* | *săway = to estimate | ||
* | *binsăfongway = (mathematics) analysis | ||
* | *făndaw = to test | ||
* | *binfăndaw = exam | ||
* | *panăfongsual = colony | ||
* | *tłach = move | ||
* | *thiec = some (less than 1) | ||
* | *yoath = to start | ||
** | **yămoath = to finish, to conclude | ||
* | *ămłua = to study | ||
* | *siet = to teach | ||
* | *ămie = roof | ||
* | *ălu = letter | ||
* | *să'äm = flag | ||
* | *săfal = friend | ||
* | *łă'im = iron | ||
* | *păchwa = flea | ||
* | *șwet = rose | ||
* | *cmath = jaw | ||
* | *cmil = to vote | ||
* | *drił = stream | ||
* | *nguat = example (from a univerbation of "nga hatuay") | ||
** | **ngămuat = to illustrate | ||
** | **mongămuat = illustrative | ||
* | *thbam = peace (obsolete; nowadays the Talmic word lăwi is used) | ||
** | **yăthbam = peaceful, calm, serene | ||
* | *ciem = to combine | ||
* | *ăfur = noble | ||
** | **nu'ăfur = aristocrat | ||
** | **ing'ăfur = to glorify (something immoral) | ||
* | *cătheng = fellow | ||
** | **sactheng = fellowship | ||
* | *sin = to put | ||
* | *lieb = to place, put; to make something [adjective] | ||
**to make X Y = "lieb X șa Y" | **to make X Y = "lieb X șa Y" | ||
* | *wangpruaș = history | ||
** | **yăwangpruaș = historical | ||
* | *ămuch = (Modern) full | ||
** | **ănărmuch = plentiful | ||
* | *clüth = throat | ||
* | *gith = to fall (of leaves) | ||
* | *thuwim = to obey (< Old Wdm. wim 'to follow') | ||
** | **nuthuwim = obedient | ||
* | *tăchemrieth = to avenge | ||
* | *tithrieth = to take revenge on | ||
* | *mădung = dialect | ||
* | *wăydüth = (Classical) instruction; (Modern) grammar | ||
* | *hămir = milk (noun) (Note: it originally meant "to milk" and was a causative of the obsolete Old Windermere word "hir") | ||
** | **hăfongmir = to milk (Classical and Modern Windermere) | ||
* | *trun = book | ||
* | *thăpeal = laurel | ||
* | *tłüep = (poetic) red | ||
* | *mălin = pair | ||
** | **hălmălin = duality | ||
* | *șămșum = to hesitate | ||
* | *eth = correct | ||
** | **eth = emphatic particle (connotes 'it does', 'doesn't it?') | ||
** | **ingeth = to correct | ||
* | *tüth = to hold, to grasp | ||
** | **pădüth = meaning, intention | ||
* | *iec = line/lineage | ||
* | *tsăliet = fast | ||
* | *fnüd = day | ||
* | *thräf = pair | ||
* | *șän = word | ||
* | *șän-șän = word for word | ||
* | *șänthüech = to apologize; apology | ||
* | *șänswach = discourse; language as a reflection of one's character | ||
* | *sărach = vehicle | ||
* | *sămrach = to ride | ||
* | *moșiew = nature | ||
* | *șiew = source | ||
* | *łă'o = branch | ||
* | *năwäth = sine (etymology?) | ||
* | *lăchüech = to recite | ||
* | *lăchir = to write | ||
* | *lătap = to tap? | ||
* | *oar = to flow (~ [[Ksieħ]] òr 'day') | ||
* | *tuach = even | ||
* | *süeth = naked | ||
* | *snar = to know (Modern) | ||
** | **hălsnar = knowledge | ||
* | *hălda = science (from the obsolete Old Windermere word da (know), which also survives in păda "sage") | ||
* | *brits = to speak | ||
* | *sngiem = to praise | ||
* | *neab = end | ||
* | *sngeaf = world | ||
* | *tłeab = pipe | ||
* | *thür = equal | ||
* | *wier = beautiful | ||
** | **hălwier = beauty | ||
** | **ingwier = to beautify | ||
* | *snoach = learn | ||
* | *hălwierchne = mathematics | ||
* | *chne = order, form | ||
* | *tar = house | ||
* | *Nutłach Hirath = Second Mover | ||
* | *sieth = warm | ||
** | **tăsasieth = to warm up | ||
* | *ngă'ü = to enter | ||
* | *ăthüe = to exist | ||
* | *pros = ratio | ||
* | *sim = red | ||
* | *roac = when | ||
* | *sngith = time | ||
* | *sngat = tiny | ||
* | *łin = law, right, justice | ||
** | **păłin = judge | ||
* | *hăyma = law (statute) | ||
* | *hi- = -th (ordinal marker) | ||
* | *ălie = state, polity | ||
* | *fne = to choose | ||
* | *chwäp = light | ||
* | *ploch = to shine | ||
* | *tmea = door | ||
* | *slüep = hole | ||
* | *sreł = wall | ||
* | *ey = side, next to | ||
* | *cădä = about | ||
* | *păchnay = king | ||
* | *cliem = number | ||
* | *chneap = to protect | ||
* | *chrăneap = fortress | ||
* | *tsă'oam = village | ||
* | *tălie = city, town | ||
* | *tsnuf = shape | ||
* | *ăłüth = color | ||
* | *chă'uay = dark | ||
* | *chpea = bright | ||
* | *mătäng = war | ||
* | *fuat = never | ||
* | *flał = sweet | ||
* | *ieng = to do | ||
* | *meang = statement, sentence; verb | ||
* | *săfnga = art | ||
* | *cmas = (prep.) between | ||
* | *mogmas = (noun) interval | ||
* | *tsărir = east | ||
* | *săcham = west (from a Proto-Tergetic word meaning to drown) | ||
* | *meach = north | ||
* | *tsăpräng = south (from a Proto-Tergetic word meaning west) | ||
* | *tăle = land | ||
* | *răsey = picture (noun) | ||
* | *ristey = to imagine | ||
* | *rithsey = to image (a Modern Windermere neologism) | ||
* | *pida = (Ngronaism) religious sage | ||
* | *Pda = Dr. (title for doctorates) | ||
* | *șer = spring | ||
* | *doach = summer | ||
* | *prith = autumn | ||
* | *srel = winter | ||
* | *spey = healthy | ||
** | **thuspey = vigorous | ||
** | **săwpey = valid | ||
* | *glan = straight | ||
** | **cănlăngcan = to stand straight; (morally) upright (etymology: FăL- gnomic reduplicant + {{angbr|ăng}} trigger + *àlkan 'straight') | ||
* | *tneam = flat | ||
* | *sănop = to touch | ||
* | *lăwi = peace (Talmic *lawī) | ||
* | *căfis = part | ||
* | *dech = hot | ||
* | *rămec = ready | ||
* | *răgean = free (Classical Windermere) | ||
** | **răfongcean = to liberate | ||
* | ***binrăfongcean = liberation | ||
* | *pluam = free (Modern Windermere) | ||
* | *că'üs = love | ||
** | *ăscap = crap, heck, damn | ||
* | **ăsăfongcap = to hell with it | ||
*să'il = sex | |||
==Function words== | ==Function words== | ||
===Tense=== | ===Tense=== | ||
===Conjunctions=== | ===Conjunctions=== | ||
* | *te = and | ||
* | *uy = xor | ||
* | *soas = or (either one of two) | ||
* | *seam = but | ||
* | *chăbec = but | ||
* | *łung șa = in order to | ||
* | *yang = although | ||
* | *șang = so that | ||
* | *mong = relativizer | ||
* | *nga = complementizer | ||
===Prepositions=== | ===Prepositions=== | ||
* | *mi-: locative | ||
* | *ya-: comitative | ||
* | *șa-: allative | ||
* | *ngie: "like" | ||
* | *fa-: ablative | ||
* | *tsip : without | ||
* | *fe: by (passive) | ||
* | *ło-: on | ||
* | *tăngap: before | ||
* | *woach: behind | ||
* | *łăbie: after | ||
* | *ba: through | ||
===Other particles=== | ===Other particles=== | ||
* | *fnga = potential | ||
* | *thăgem = desiderative | ||
==Family== | ==Family== | ||
* | *ăma = mother | ||
* | *ep = father | ||
* | *ăma șir = grandmother | ||
* | *ep șir = grandfather | ||
* | *rith = son | ||
* | *łäf = daughter | ||
* | *flüech = brother | ||
* | *eay = sister | ||
* | *tăcats = uncle | ||
* | *șășul = cousin | ||
TODO: in-laws | TODO: in-laws | ||
==Numbers== | ==Numbers== | ||
* | *ngits = 0 (calqued from Proto-Ashanic χam 'empty' through Talmic *ȝits- 'empty') | ||
* | *do, doan = 1 | ||
* | *rath = 2 | ||
* | *stiw = 3 | ||
* | *smäch = 4 | ||
* | *müets = 5 | ||
* | *tach = 6 | ||
* | *ithoan = 7 | ||
* | *chräf = 8 | ||
* | *chăstie = 9 | ||
* | *thaf = 10 | ||
* | *thaf te-stiw = 13 | ||
* | *thaf te-smäch = 14 | ||
multiples of ten: | multiples of ten: | ||
thaf, liew, lidaf, raliew, müethaf, srüch, srüthaf, srüliew, srülidaf, preth | thaf, liew, lidaf, raliew, müethaf, srüch, srüthaf, srüliew, srülidaf, preth | ||
* | *preth = 100 | ||
*'napreth | *'napreth = 1000 | ||
* | *rath thapreth te-thaf te-chlos = 2018 | ||
Ordinals: "First" is irregular: | Ordinals: "First" is irregular: tăche. The other ordinal numbers use hi-: hirath, histiw, hismäch, .... "Last" is ămoach. | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
* | *wang = matter, affair | ||
* | *făhew = help | ||
* | *twi = harm | ||
* | *yang = although | ||
* | *ămoach = last | ||
==Phrasebook== | ==Phrasebook== | ||
* | *Seth ya Pra = Hello (polite, to one person) | ||
* | *Seth ya Impra = Hello (polite, to >1 people) | ||
** | **Seth ya łen = Hello (familiar, to one male) | ||
** | **Seth ya łes = Hello (familiar, to one female) | ||
** | **Seth ya łănam = Hello (familiar, to >1 people) | ||
* | *Yu! = Bye! (very slangy; borrowed from Eevo) | ||
* | *Tuath = Thank you | ||
* | *Ra seaf? = How's it going? (informal) | ||
* | *Ra seaf șa Pra? = How are you doing? (polite) | ||
* | *Litra lăwi Pra/Impra? = How do you do? (formal/posh) | ||
* | *Wăha. = Yes. | ||
* | *Tieth. = No. | ||
Revision as of 18:40, 31 May 2019
- fteach = body
- strath = (poetic) sea
- lăhuats = rebel
- osatslăhuats = to rebel
- nudlüey = vegan
- nuchteas = vegetarian
- tăbiets = to ask
- thwang = emergency, crisis (< thuwang)
- hăltsăbas = dignity
- chaneab = infinite, endless
- că'oang = pulse
- pdeas = slow
- tsum = name
- Chatsum = the Nameless (an epithet for the Second Mover, used especially by Snialites)
- tsithum = to name
- tsithum fi Chatsum = to do something foolish, futile, wrongheaded, or nonsensical (lit. to name the Nameless); [an expression popularized by Etsoj Jopah]
- tsăfongum = to assign (someone as), to nominate
- tsăreayum = to stigmatize
- crirath = doubt (from cirea rath "two thoughts")
- chtif = bee
- lăhoal = rest, remainder
- ătsoal = slave
- łișfo = to meet
- hăgep = to go out
- fech = enough
- mingsäch = week
- răbam = to advise, to argue
- rămbam = to formulate (Easter egg)
- wăha = yes
- nungil-wăha = yes-man
- wăhang = well then
- osatshuats = to rebel
- nga = complementizer
- rădäf = alphabet
- fănaw = true
- fănaw fănaw = verily, forsooth
- șän-fănaw = wake-up call
- ămflü = (literary) wake up
- ăthămflü = wake up
- chărea'i = to scorn
- tieth = no
- hălăhing = solstice
- hălăhing srel = winter solstice
- hălăhing doach = summer solstice
- păchan = equinox (from Thensarian *bucsanom "middle, intermediate")
- păchan șer = spring equinox
- păchan prith = autumn equinox
- lăde = to need
- lăfongte = to entail, to imply
- patsrin = food
- clăcleng = bullshit, nonsense (onomatopoeia for hollow ringing)
- ămeay-lămeay = pretentious-sounding nonsense (borrowed from Eevo)
- thngop Ronea = Ngronaism
- thngop rith-Mărots = Mărotłism
- thngop Asra = Clofabian paganism
- thngop Nutu = Pategian religion
- thngop wălam = Naquian theaterism
- thngop Sădew = Tlu religion
- thngop Crănun = Ko religion
- thngop Nufüș Hirath = Second Stopperism
- thngop Umpa-Lumpa = Oompa-Loompaism
- gling = to take
- füș = to stop
- emcă'iguy = ideology
- iguy = claim, -ism
- iguy căräng-ișeal = antinatalism
- cduay = language
- peth = old
- pănăreth = senescent, senile
- wüts = gift, grace, favor
- chmoap = people, folk
- thrăbets = enemy
- clăduang = receive
- tguay = face
- clăduang tguay = to welcome
- ha, hay = vocative particle
- năłeng = virtue
- dinăłeng = vice
- chnărwüng = excellent
- bü = baby
- Wen Lăchua = (poetic) Wen Dămea
- tge = voice
- ăyied = (smaller) box
- lăpüts = chest, larger box
- tge-ba = person (calque from Eevo vyllwar)
- lăłof = trombone
- lithgow = to act, to play a character (actor)
- lăgow = to pretend
- ăntseng = violin
- yă'ef = very
- sifa = kantele
- fithnar = translate
- hathbur = artificial, manmade
- sănoc = to multiply, to copy
- socsănoc = (linguistics) to reduplicate
- binsocsănoc = (linguistics) reduplication
- năse = today
- ngothreach = accent
- ngăwes = strong
- năhän = weak
- cdeal = daring, bold
- tsăm'oap = to split, to fork
- slăda = to grind
- pra = polite 2sg pronoun
- impra = polite 2pl pronoun
- sahănuł = empire
- łăduy = again
- fnüc = hour
- thăyol = to use
- thof ăcreng = guppy
- triem băr'i = rhinoceros -- a neologism from brey 'horn' and cră'i 'nose'
- thăreng = net
- ăcărłüth = colorful
- binngistoach = network (of people)
- thăreng tsor sngeaf = WWW
- sapleach = glory
- pănărleach = glorious
- mot = equative copula
- chmi = to be at
- ruay = to have; there exists
- făsor = away from
- șămar = mile
- wăthra = "zillion"
- părtos = pavilion
- sngan = open
- călciel = tile
- pătseal = rage, fury
- chwăhe = sad
- hoad = often
- ceath = to become
- căfol = (Modern) to become
- yeang = dew
- twas = lamp
- păthan = stick
- păthănthan = (Modern) chopstick(s)
- ăfăyfay = calmly, nonchalantly
- binpăreatü = violence
- șăgor = spirit, soul
- tsoa = morning
- ărăngeal = terrible
- stăthed = same
- lăhal = pen
- wăyha = death
- tăgib = frost
- op = (Classical) voici! here it is!
- călu = (Classical) it is obvious, it can be seen
- placănărlu = obvious
- tsămüt = paper
- hădüel = evening
- łăhea = must
- lăhüł = to whisper
- ăguas = hinge
- tsră'am = to be tired
- łăhoam = to praise
- nă'üng = until
- thuthănggem = to desire
- sti = to distribute, to spread
- păhuch = wise, astute
- łam = place
- łamthutălieng = laboratory
- chnur = song
- chnărnur = (Modern) art song
- cda = (Modern) ta-da!
- hüec trămäy = umbrella
- ăwieng = to perform, to have an effect
- thăceas = beard
- tsăding = lung
- rătsof Łălad = the galaxy to which Tricin's sun belongs (lit. 'Łălad's path'; Łălad is a mythical figure)
- pălat = alcoholic drink
- thwălat = to ferment into ethanol
- măgän = vinegar
- răsu = flesh, meat
- răsu = galaxy (from Tseezh zhaxu)
- tsăley = joyful
- Tsor ngean to mif fnüd ășeal! = Happy birthday!
- yămał = element
- ăläch = task, assignment
- cădüp = kernel
- hălcăngeb = heritage
- fă'oy = to win (a game), to pass (a test)
- emfă'oy = to acquire
- făm'oy = to grant
- măruth = salt
- mișruth = salty
- dual = sound, tone
- dălisual = chord
- lăblach = to sound
- thuhămil = to resonate
- eanăhil = to echo
- prüen = sour
- păyrüen = acid
- oal = bitter
- chmol = wheat
- wăgier = tempeh
- cea = rice
- fă'iel = bread
- thwäs = tears
- sraf = forward
- răbüch = leap
- srathbüch = antelope (with some random changes)
- mithbua = prayer
- tuath = gratitude
- ngituath (șa-) = to thank
- thew = basis
- rüe = give
- thrüe = offer
- răfongüe = to endow
- răchemüe = to donate; to give charitably
- snüe = land
- moang = for (benefactive)
- ba = through
- crea = think
- șămchats = to endeavor, to give effort
- swoch = self
- tsămăchean = to request
- mitsmăchean = (intj) please
- cithwił = receive
- pămrang = be pleased
- tăthathbur = create
- yăthpeaș = mediocre
- șăbac = increase
- rithuy = rich
- ămdaw = past
- cots = whole
- tănar = home
- mășua = (genitive)
- thănge = (Classical) after
- năbath = to sweat
- cithfaw = to come forth
- trămäy = rain
- hac = passive particle
- săchemnüch = bless
- thăbur = work
- tatsliet = urgent
- sipoach = harvest
- tămo = (literary) greatly, very (intensifier for verbs and adjectives)
- hif = to sell
- thuhif = to advertise, to market
- ăgat = to cook
- ngăpngap = disturbed
- güf = bread
- gleaș = to fry
- fngor = alcoholic drink
- răbiel = spring (mechanical device)
- hăwä = pot
- wădey = stove
- feats = pan; stir-fry
- plaw = honey
- tăloac = die, cube
- rătsal = to call
- răytsal = order
- rămtsal = to invoke
- ătsuy = farm
- nu'ătsuy = farmer
- łălen = to beware
- măsol = falsehood
- yămsol = false
- fnüd se = today
- fnüd saf = yesterday
- fnüd nang = tomorrow
- fnüd łăbie-nang = the day after tomorrow
- fnüd tăngap-saf = the day before yesterday
- wăłon = to gather
- chrăbong = easy
- chnărăbong = complacent
- tăngap = before
- tămngap = to prepare
- tălisngap = to foretell
- łăbie = after
- łăngbie = to delay
- thułăngbie = to procrastinate
- roan = to wait
- nuroan = patient (adj.)
- thăwä = border
- thănwä = to border
- ngiș = dune
- tăru = a flourish; an ornament
- ftoał = corner
- smin = flow
- chüem = flow
- hăgea = bundle
- hișcea = to bind, tie together
- hăliscea = to associate
- tănet = to breed
- tănnăret = cultivated
- săngäł = mallet
- cieng = block
- mădo = to lose (something)
- plamăpto = (euphemistic) to pass away
- endămisto = (Modern) to wander
- măreado = to abandon
- fră'es = sick
- mäw = to hug
- ăthie = to take out of water; save
- chrifas = apple
- reach = to tell
- preach = messenger
- prămeach = angel
- ritheach = news
- nureach = storyteller
- pamithlin = (mathematics) complex (relating to complex numbers)
- săway = to estimate
- binsăfongway = (mathematics) analysis
- făndaw = to test
- binfăndaw = exam
- panăfongsual = colony
- tłach = move
- thiec = some (less than 1)
- yoath = to start
- yămoath = to finish, to conclude
- ămłua = to study
- siet = to teach
- ămie = roof
- ălu = letter
- să'äm = flag
- săfal = friend
- łă'im = iron
- păchwa = flea
- șwet = rose
- cmath = jaw
- cmil = to vote
- drił = stream
- nguat = example (from a univerbation of "nga hatuay")
- ngămuat = to illustrate
- mongămuat = illustrative
- thbam = peace (obsolete; nowadays the Talmic word lăwi is used)
- yăthbam = peaceful, calm, serene
- ciem = to combine
- ăfur = noble
- nu'ăfur = aristocrat
- ing'ăfur = to glorify (something immoral)
- cătheng = fellow
- sactheng = fellowship
- sin = to put
- lieb = to place, put; to make something [adjective]
- to make X Y = "lieb X șa Y"
- wangpruaș = history
- yăwangpruaș = historical
- ămuch = (Modern) full
- ănărmuch = plentiful
- clüth = throat
- gith = to fall (of leaves)
- thuwim = to obey (< Old Wdm. wim 'to follow')
- nuthuwim = obedient
- tăchemrieth = to avenge
- tithrieth = to take revenge on
- mădung = dialect
- wăydüth = (Classical) instruction; (Modern) grammar
- hămir = milk (noun) (Note: it originally meant "to milk" and was a causative of the obsolete Old Windermere word "hir")
- hăfongmir = to milk (Classical and Modern Windermere)
- trun = book
- thăpeal = laurel
- tłüep = (poetic) red
- mălin = pair
- hălmălin = duality
- șămșum = to hesitate
- eth = correct
- eth = emphatic particle (connotes 'it does', 'doesn't it?')
- ingeth = to correct
- tüth = to hold, to grasp
- pădüth = meaning, intention
- iec = line/lineage
- tsăliet = fast
- fnüd = day
- thräf = pair
- șän = word
- șän-șän = word for word
- șänthüech = to apologize; apology
- șänswach = discourse; language as a reflection of one's character
- sărach = vehicle
- sămrach = to ride
- moșiew = nature
- șiew = source
- łă'o = branch
- năwäth = sine (etymology?)
- lăchüech = to recite
- lăchir = to write
- lătap = to tap?
- oar = to flow (~ Ksieħ òr 'day')
- tuach = even
- süeth = naked
- snar = to know (Modern)
- hălsnar = knowledge
- hălda = science (from the obsolete Old Windermere word da (know), which also survives in păda "sage")
- brits = to speak
- sngiem = to praise
- neab = end
- sngeaf = world
- tłeab = pipe
- thür = equal
- wier = beautiful
- hălwier = beauty
- ingwier = to beautify
- snoach = learn
- hălwierchne = mathematics
- chne = order, form
- tar = house
- Nutłach Hirath = Second Mover
- sieth = warm
- tăsasieth = to warm up
- ngă'ü = to enter
- ăthüe = to exist
- pros = ratio
- sim = red
- roac = when
- sngith = time
- sngat = tiny
- łin = law, right, justice
- păłin = judge
- hăyma = law (statute)
- hi- = -th (ordinal marker)
- ălie = state, polity
- fne = to choose
- chwäp = light
- ploch = to shine
- tmea = door
- slüep = hole
- sreł = wall
- ey = side, next to
- cădä = about
- păchnay = king
- cliem = number
- chneap = to protect
- chrăneap = fortress
- tsă'oam = village
- tălie = city, town
- tsnuf = shape
- ăłüth = color
- chă'uay = dark
- chpea = bright
- mătäng = war
- fuat = never
- flał = sweet
- ieng = to do
- meang = statement, sentence; verb
- săfnga = art
- cmas = (prep.) between
- mogmas = (noun) interval
- tsărir = east
- săcham = west (from a Proto-Tergetic word meaning to drown)
- meach = north
- tsăpräng = south (from a Proto-Tergetic word meaning west)
- tăle = land
- răsey = picture (noun)
- ristey = to imagine
- rithsey = to image (a Modern Windermere neologism)
- pida = (Ngronaism) religious sage
- Pda = Dr. (title for doctorates)
- șer = spring
- doach = summer
- prith = autumn
- srel = winter
- spey = healthy
- thuspey = vigorous
- săwpey = valid
- glan = straight
- cănlăngcan = to stand straight; (morally) upright (etymology: FăL- gnomic reduplicant + ⟨ăng⟩ trigger + *àlkan 'straight')
- tneam = flat
- sănop = to touch
- lăwi = peace (Talmic *lawī)
- căfis = part
- dech = hot
- rămec = ready
- răgean = free (Classical Windermere)
- răfongcean = to liberate
- binrăfongcean = liberation
- răfongcean = to liberate
- pluam = free (Modern Windermere)
- că'üs = love
- ăscap = crap, heck, damn
- ăsăfongcap = to hell with it
- să'il = sex
Function words
Tense
Conjunctions
- te = and
- uy = xor
- soas = or (either one of two)
- seam = but
- chăbec = but
- łung șa = in order to
- yang = although
- șang = so that
- mong = relativizer
- nga = complementizer
Prepositions
- mi-: locative
- ya-: comitative
- șa-: allative
- ngie: "like"
- fa-: ablative
- tsip : without
- fe: by (passive)
- ło-: on
- tăngap: before
- woach: behind
- łăbie: after
- ba: through
Other particles
- fnga = potential
- thăgem = desiderative
Family
- ăma = mother
- ep = father
- ăma șir = grandmother
- ep șir = grandfather
- rith = son
- łäf = daughter
- flüech = brother
- eay = sister
- tăcats = uncle
- șășul = cousin
TODO: in-laws
Numbers
- ngits = 0 (calqued from Proto-Ashanic χam 'empty' through Talmic *ȝits- 'empty')
- do, doan = 1
- rath = 2
- stiw = 3
- smäch = 4
- müets = 5
- tach = 6
- ithoan = 7
- chräf = 8
- chăstie = 9
- thaf = 10
- thaf te-stiw = 13
- thaf te-smäch = 14
multiples of ten: thaf, liew, lidaf, raliew, müethaf, srüch, srüthaf, srüliew, srülidaf, preth
- preth = 100
- 'napreth = 1000
- rath thapreth te-thaf te-chlos = 2018
Ordinals: "First" is irregular: tăche. The other ordinal numbers use hi-: hirath, histiw, hismäch, .... "Last" is ămoach.
General
- wang = matter, affair
- făhew = help
- twi = harm
- yang = although
- ămoach = last
Phrasebook
- Seth ya Pra = Hello (polite, to one person)
- Seth ya Impra = Hello (polite, to >1 people)
- Seth ya łen = Hello (familiar, to one male)
- Seth ya łes = Hello (familiar, to one female)
- Seth ya łănam = Hello (familiar, to >1 people)
- Yu! = Bye! (very slangy; borrowed from Eevo)
- Tuath = Thank you
- Ra seaf? = How's it going? (informal)
- Ra seaf șa Pra? = How are you doing? (polite)
- Litra lăwi Pra/Impra? = How do you do? (formal/posh)
- Wăha. = Yes.
- Tieth. = No.