Nga: Difference between revisions

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Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]
Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]


Present Tense: -''khai'' [khai̯]
Present Tense: -''khai'' [-khai̯]


Future Tense: -''myi'' [-mji]
Future Tense: -''myi'' [-mji]
Line 184: Line 184:
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.


Bold compound components are themselves compounds.
Italicized compound components are themselves compounds.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! colspan="4" |Nga
! colspan="5" |Nga
! colspan="4" |English
! colspan="5" |English
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="2" |Roots
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="2" |Roots
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
|-
|-
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
|-
|-
!ćevü
!ćevü
|će
|će
|vu
|vu
|
|[t͡ɕeβy]
|[t͡ɕeβy]
!ice melting
!ice melting
|ice
|ice
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 213: Line 217:
|fü
|fü
|vu
|vu
|
|[ɸyβy]
|[ɸyβy]
!snow melting
!snow melting
|snow
|snow
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!füvvüqa
!füvvüqa
|fü
|fü
|vu-qa
| colspan="2" |vu-qa
|[ɸyββyqɑ]
|[ɸyββyqɑ]
!snow cave-in
!snow cave-in
|snow
|snow
|'''tumble'''
| colspan="2" |''tumble''
|Snow that is caving in.
|Snow that is caving in.
|-
|-
Line 231: Line 237:
|ku
|ku
|ôi
|ôi
|
|[kuɔi̯]
|[kuɔi̯]
!island
!island
|alone
|alone
|sea
|sea
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!kuttsui
!kuttsui
|ku
|ku
|'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
|[kutt͡sʉi]
|[kutt͡sʉi]
!electron
!electron
|alone
|alone
|'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 249: Line 257:
|ku
|ku
|yü
|yü
|
|[kuju]
|[kuju]
!light
!light
|alone
|alone
|light
|light
|
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|-
|-
!kuyyui
!kuyyui
|ku
|ku
|'''yü-i'''
| colspan="2" |yü-i
|[kujjʉi]
|[kujjʉi]
!photon
!photon
|alone
|alone
|'''glint'''
| colspan="2" |''glint''
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 267: Line 277:
|mi
|mi
|će
|će
|
|[mit͡ɕe]
|[mit͡ɕe]
!glass
!glass
|blank
|blank
|ice
|ice
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 276: Line 288:
|mi
|mi
|xo
|xo
|
|[mixø]
|[mixø]
!paper
!paper
|blank
|blank
|wood
|wood
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 285: Line 299:
|mi
|mi
|ŋe
|ŋe
|
|[miŋe]
|[miŋe]
!new
!new
|blank
|blank
|clean
|clean
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 294: Line 310:
|mo
|mo
|maa
|maa
|
|[momɑː]
|[momɑː]
!take
!take
|hold
|hold
|go
|go
|
|Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
|-
Line 303: Line 321:
|mo
|mo
|ńi
|ńi
|
|[moɲi]
|[moɲi]
!bring
!bring
|hold
|hold
|come
|come
|
|Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
|-
!mottsui
!mottsui
|mo
|mo
|'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
|[mott͡sʉi]
|[mott͡sʉi]
!electronic tablet
!mobile device
|hold
|hold
|'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| -
| -
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |ŋattsui
!ŋattsui
| rowspan="2" |ŋa
|ŋa
| rowspan="2" |'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
| rowspan="2" |[ŋɑtt͡sʉi]
|[ŋɑtt͡sʉi]
!phone
!phone
| rowspan="2" |speak
|speak
| rowspan="2" |'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| rowspan="2" | -
| Also means phone call.
|-
!phone call
|-
|-
!ŋekü
!ŋekü
|ŋe
|ŋe
|ku
|ku
|
|[ŋeky]
|[ŋeky]
!clean
!clean
|clean
|clean
|alone
|alone
|
|A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
|A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
|-
|-
Line 341: Line 361:
|pô
|pô
|i
|i
|
|[pɔi]
|[pɔi]
!grow
!grow
|big
|big
|small
|small
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
Line 350: Line 372:
|pô
|pô
|mu
|mu
|
|[pɔmu]
|[pɔmu]
!all
!all
|big
|big
|together
|together
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!pômu'ou
!pômu'ou
|'''pô-mu'''
| colspan="2" |pô-mu
|ou
|ou
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
!population
!population
|'''all'''
| colspan="2" |''all''
|person
|person
| -
| -
Line 368: Line 392:
|qa
|qa
|vu
|vu
|
|[qɑβu]
|[qɑβu]
!slam
!slam
|hit
|hit
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |vućë
!quivu
| rowspan="2" |vu
|qui
| rowspan="2" |će
|vu
| rowspan="2" |[βut͡ɕɜ]
|
|[qui̯βu]
!downstroke
|ink
|down
|
|A stroke downward with a writing utensil along a writing medium.
|-
!quixo
|qui
|xo
|
|[qui̯xo]
!page
|ink
|wood
|
|A page with writing or image(s).
|-
!vućë
|vu
|će
|
|[βut͡ɕɜ]
!hail
!hail
| rowspan="2" |down
|down
| rowspan="2" |ice
|ice
| rowspan="2" | -
|
|-
| Also means sleet.
!sleet
|-
|-
!vufu
!vufu
|vu
|vu
|fü
|fü
|
|[βuɸu]
|[βuɸu]
!snowing
!snowing
|down
|down
|snow
|snow
|
|Snow that is falling from the sky.
|Snow that is falling from the sky.
|-
|-
Line 397: Line 447:
|vu
|vu
|qa
|qa
|
|[βuqɑ]
|[βuqɑ]
!tumble
!tumble
|down
|down
|hit
|hit
|
|A fall that results in a relevant impact.
|A fall that results in a relevant impact.
|-
|-
!vuqaffu
!vuqaffu
|'''vu-qa'''
| colspan="2" |vu-qa
|'''fü'''
|fü
|[βuqɑɸɸu]
|[βuqɑɸɸu]
!avalanche
!avalanche
|'''tumble'''
| colspan="2" |''tumble''
|snow
|snow
| -
| -
Line 415: Line 467:
|vu
|vu
|qui
|qui
|
|[βuqui̯]
|[βuqui̯]
!ink drop
!ink drop
|down
|down
|ink
|ink
|
| -
| -
|-
!yüiôi
|yü
|i
|ôi
|[jyiɔi̯]
!photon field
|light
|small
|sea
| -
|-
!yümaa
|yü
|maa
|
|[jymɑː]
!EM radiation
|light
|go
|
| -
|-
!yüńi
|yü
|ńi
|
|[jyɲi]
!color
|light
|come
|
|Refers to the process of experiencing color, from light emission to brain processing, not only brain processing.
|}
|}

Revision as of 23:41, 17 March 2026

Nga
Pronunciation[ŋɑ]
Created bySuqi
Date2026
Kamokynga[controversial]
  • Nga
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Nga [ŋɑ], also splled as Ŋa, is an artistic personal language of Suqi that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.

Phonology

Syllable Structure

Nga follows a (C)V(V) syllable structure for root words, (C)V(V)(G) for compounded roots, and (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) structure for affixes. /G/ stands for gemination of the following consonant, which if followed by a vowel becomes [ʔ] instead.

Vowel Harmony

Nga has regressive fronting harmony. Harmony spreads across entire words. Front vowels include /y e ø yi̯ ei̯ øi̯ øy̯ ue̯/ and back vowels include /u ɜ o ui̯ ɤi̯ oi̯ ou̯ uɜ̯/. There are two neutral vowels: /ɑ ai̯/, and three vowels that are transparent in medial and final syllables, but trigger harmony when in an initial syllable: /i/ (triggers front harmony) and /ɔ ɔi̯/ (trigger back harmony). /ɜ uɜ̯/ must be preceded by a harmonically back vowel.

Allophony

/u/ becomes [ᵿ] before /i/ in across a syllable boundary.

Geminated voiced plosives become instead prenasalized voiced plosives.

Grammar

Syntax

The basic word order is VSO.

Morphology

Tense

Past Tense: -ltu/-ltü [-ltu, -lty]

Present Tense: -khai [-khai̯]

Future Tense: -myi [-mji]

Irrealis: Ø

  • Past Irrealis: oltu- [oltu-]
  • Present Irrealis: okhai- [okhai̯-]
  • Future Irrealis: omyi- [omji-]

Subject Markers

There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object.

Motile subject: -msu/-msü [-msu, -msy]

Present subject: -ćto/ćtö [-t͡ɕto, -t͡ɕtø]

Identity subject: -ńwai [-ɲwai̯]

Potential subject: -hći [-ht͡ɕi]

Translations

Lexicon

Root Words

IPA English Meaning
ku [ku] alone -
pô [pɔ] big -
mi [mi] blank -
ŋe [ŋe] clean -
ńi [ɲi] come -
kei [kei̯] cube -
square
vu [βu] down -
maa [mɑː] go -
qa [qɑ] hit -
mo [mo] hold -
će [t͡ɕe] ice -
qui [qui̯] ink -
go [ɡo] land -
yü [jy] light -
tsu [t͡su] lightning -
tü [ty] music -
ou [ou̯] person -
na [nɑ] plant -
ôi [ɔi̯] sea -
i [i] small -
fü [ɸy] snow -
ŋa [ŋɑ] speak -
ti [ti] tall -
mu [mu] together -
xo [xo] wood -

Compound Words

Compound words are formed with a specific structure to produce a meaning. The first root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most literally, and the last root in a compound connects its meaning to the compound's meaning most abstractly.

The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.

Italicized compound components are themselves compounds.

Nga English
Word Roots IPA Word Roots Meaning
1 2 3 1 2 3
ćevü će vu [t͡ɕeβy] ice melting ice down -
füvü fü vu [ɸyβy] snow melting snow down -
füvvüqa fü vu-qa [ɸyββyqɑ] snow cave-in snow tumble Snow that is caving in.
kuôi ku ôi [kuɔi̯] island alone sea -
kuttsui ku tsu-i [kutt͡sʉi] electron alone electric -
kuyu ku yü [kuju] light alone light A group of photons following the same trajectory
kuyyui ku yü-i [kujjʉi] photon alone glint -
miće mi će [mit͡ɕe] glass blank ice -
mixö mi xo [mixø] paper blank wood -
miŋe mi ŋe [miŋe] new blank clean -
momaa mo maa [momɑː] take hold go Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
mońi mo ńi [moɲi] bring hold come Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
mottsui mo tsu-i [mott͡sʉi] mobile device hold electric -
ŋattsui ŋa tsu-i [ŋɑtt͡sʉi] phone speak electric Also means phone call.
ŋekü ŋe ku [ŋeky] clean clean alone A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
pôi pô i [pɔi] grow big small -
pômu pô mu [pɔmu] all big together -
pômu'ou pô-mu ou [pɔmuʔou̯] population all person -
qavu qa vu [qɑβu] slam hit down -
quivu qui vu [qui̯βu] downstroke ink down A stroke downward with a writing utensil along a writing medium.
quixo qui xo [qui̯xo] page ink wood A page with writing or image(s).
vućë vu će [βut͡ɕɜ] hail down ice Also means sleet.
vufu vu fü [βuɸu] snowing down snow Snow that is falling from the sky.
vuqa vu qa [βuqɑ] tumble down hit A fall that results in a relevant impact.
vuqaffu vu-qa fü [βuqɑɸɸu] avalanche tumble snow -
vuqui vu qui [βuqui̯] ink drop down ink -
yüiôi yü i ôi [jyiɔi̯] photon field light small sea -
yümaa yü maa [jymɑː] EM radiation light go -
yüńi yü ńi [jyɲi] color light come Refers to the process of experiencing color, from light emission to brain processing, not only brain processing.
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