Togarmite

Togarmite
Þėrmiþ
Pronunciation	[/θermiþ/]
Created by	IlL
Setting	Lõis
Language family	Afro-Asiatic North Semitic (Togarmo-Canaanite) Togarmite

Togarmite (Þėrmiþ /θermiθ/ or lsėnyn þėrmijyn /ˈləsenən θermijən/) is a Semitic language closely related to Hebrew and Knánith. It is inspired by Maltese, Germanic languages (particularly Icelandic) and the Semitic conlang Alashian.

Modern Togarmite retains the Semitic root-and-pattern morphology and binyanim of Old Togarmite, but has undergone some grammatically restructuring (such as loss of grammatical gender and the use of the Old Togarmite waw-subjunctive for the present tense), taking features of the Greece-Turkey-Northern Levant sprachbund.

Todo

• gdėl = big
• kdės = (formal, mathematics) specific, particular, chosen (not arbitrary)
• mkodas = holy, sacred (from Old Semehliþ muquddaš)
  • mkosyn = expletive/swear word like "damn"
• Çabśyn w frasel /xabʃən və fɾasel/ = The sheep and the horses
• nabė = to call out (wrongdoing)

Phonology

Consonants

• /m n/
• /t ts k ʔ/
• /b d g/
• /f θ s ʃ x h/
• /v z ʒ ɣ/
• /l r j/

Vowels

a å e ė i o u y /a ɔ ɛ e i o u ə/

aj aw /ai au/

Pronouns

TODO: possessive and reflexive pronouns

	I	thou (m.)	thou (f.)	he	she	it	we	you (pl.)	they (an.)	they (inan)
Nominative	nėx	aþ	eþ	hu	hi	ži	nanė	aþym	øm	ile
Accusative	þi	þax	þex	þø	þa	þež	þynė	þaxym	þøm	þile
Possessive	li	lax	lex	lø	la	lež	lynė	laxym	løm	lile
Reflexive/Intensive	afi	afax	afex	afø	afa	afež	afnė	afxym	aføm	afile

Nouns

Like Knánith, Modern Togarmite has lost grammatical gender. Noun have indefinite and definite states but the construct state has been lost.

Example: ȝėlam 'world'

• Indefinite state: ȝėlam = a world; ȝėlami = worlds
• Definite state: ȝėlamyn = the world; ȝėlamil = the worlds

Adjectives

big in Togarmite:

• gdėl / gdėlyn
• gdėlin / gdėlel

Degree

Adjectives do not have separate degree forms, unlike in Indo-European languages. A dedicated particle brėþ (*bi-raʔēθī yuθ- 'when-see.INF-1SG ACC') is used for 'than', however.

Verbs

• Past = prefix conjugation
• Present = particle 3and + w-form?
• Future = suffix conjugation
• Subjunctive = w-form (like the Hebrew construction wa-ashiv-ah "so that I may answer")
• Imperative
• Infinitive
• Participles

Passive uses the PSem stative; use passive participle for past passive

Binyanim

Binyan 1: fȝal

tȝam 'to choose'

Binyan 2: faȝėl

taȝėm 'to elect'

Binyan 3: hyfȝėl

hytȝėm 'to distinguish'

Binyan 6: styfȝėl

stytȝėm 'to try out'

Concatenative "binyanim"

• [STEM] = active
• ʔaC-[STEM] (geminating) = passive
• ta-[STEM] = reflexive/reciprocal
• mV- = participle
• []-ar/-at- = verbal noun

Gzarot

Main article: Togarmite/Gzarot

In Semitic languages, gzarot (Hebrew, sg. gizra 'figure, form, pattern') are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when

• the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (ʔ ȝ h) or a semivowel (j w);
• the consonantal root contains a n, since nC tends to assimilate into CC
• the consonantal root has 2 letters.

Lexicon

ʔ

• ʔwr
  • awr 'light'
• ʔxl
  • yxal 'to eat'
  • exly 'food'
  • taxil 'comsumption'
• ʔmn
  • haamėn 'to trust, to believe'
• ʔmr
  • ymar 'to say'
  • emry 'remark'
  • amer 'to assert, to affirm'
• ʔrþ
  • arþy 'earth'

B

• bajþ 'house'

G

• gdl
  • gdėl = big

D

• drs

H

• hdš
  • hyduš 'new'
• htʔ
  • heta 'sin'
  • hatė 'to sin'
• hml
  • hymal 'to suffer'
  • hymul 'patient'

W

• wld
  • waldy 'child'
  • molad 'birth'
  • wlad (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
  • holėd 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
• wrš
  • waršy 'inheritance'
  • wrėš 'to inherit'
  • wriš 'heritable'
  • wrišt 'gene'
  • morašt 'heritage'
  • twarešt 'tradition'

Z

• zhr (?)
  • hazhėr 'to warn'
• zrȝ
  • zarȝe 'seed'

Ž

• žbh
  • myžbeh 'sacrifice'
• žbi 'antelope'
• žhb
  • žahab 'gold'
  • žahėb 'to gild'
• žhr
  • žohri 'noon'
• žxr
  • žyxar 'to remember'
  • žaxėr 'to record; to memorize'
  • hažxėr 'to remind'
  • haždaxar 'to come to mind'
  • styžxėr 'to make note of'
• žrȝ
  • žerėȝ (f.) 'arm'

T

• tȝm
  • tȝam 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
  • taȝėm 'to elect'
    • taȝum 'election'
  • þytaȝėm '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
  • stytȝėm 'to try out'

J

• jad 'hand'
• jbs
  • jabas 'dry'

L

• lbs
• lmd
  • lymad 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
  • lamėd 'to show, to point out'
  • halθamad 'to find one's way around'

M

• mlk
  • malky 'king'

N

• nbʔ
  • nybi 'prophet, truthteller'
  • nabė 'to call out (a wrongdoing)'
• nśʔ
  • nyša 'to carry'
• nþn
  • nyþan 'to give'

Ȝ

• ȝšy
  • ȝyšė 'to do, to make'

F

• flʔ
  • føle 'miracle'
  • hafle 'to amaze'
  • miføla 'wonderful'

S

• sxn
  • sxan 'to live (at a certain place)'
  • mesxan 'apartment'
  • saxėn 'to inhabit'
• smȝ
  • smaȝ 'to hear'

Š

• šmėl 'north'

C

• cbȝ
• cdk

K

• kds
  • kdės 'specific, not arbitrary'
  • kadės 'to sanctify'
• krʔ
  • kra 'to read, to call'
  • mekra 'scripture'
  • takru 'invocation, prayer'
• ksm
  • haksėm 'to curse'

R

• rʔy
  • ryė 'to see'