Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin

Phonology

Consonants

Judeo-Indic consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal		m	n				ŋ
Plosive/Affricate	voiceless	p	t̪	ts	ʈ		k
	voiceless aspirated	pʰ	t̪ʰ	tsʰ	ʈʰ		kʰ
	voiced	b	d̪	dz	ɖ		ɡ
	breathy voiced	bʱ	d̪ʱ	dzʱ	ɖʱ		ɡʱ
Fricative	voiceless	(f)		s		ʃ	(x)
	voiced			(z)			(ɣ)	(ʕ)	ɦ
Flap				ɾ
Approximant		ʋ	l			j

Vowels

k - כ/ק (kaph/qoph) kh - כֿ/ח (kaph with rafe/ħeth) g - ג (gimel) gh - גֿ (gimel with rafe) ṅ - נ/ע (nun/ayin) c - צ (tzade) ch - צֿ (tzade w/ rafe) j- ג׳ (gimel with geresh) jh - גֿ׳/ז (gimel with geresh and rafe/zayin) ṭ - ת (taw) ṭh - תֿ (taw with rafe) ḍ - ד (daleth) ḍh - דֿ (daleth with rafe) t - ט (ṭeth) th - טֿ (ṭeth with rafe) d - ד׳ (daleth w/ geresh) dh - דֿ׳ (daeth w/ geresh and rafe) n - נ (nun) p - פ (pe) ph - פֿ (pe w/ rafe) b - ב (beth) bh - בֿ (beth w/ rafe) m - מ (mem) y - י (yodh) r - ר (resh) l - ל (lamedh) v - ו (vav) sh - שׁ (shin) s - ס/שֹ (samekh/sin) h - ה (he) (null) - א (aleph) Geminate consonants are marked with a dagesh. vowels (fully vocalized - not fully vocalized) a - אַ (pataħ - segol sounds like pataħ) - not marked ā/au (both pronounced [ɒː]) - אׇ/אָו (qamatz/qamatz with vav) - mater lectionis is aleph or vav i - אִי (hiriq with yodh) - mater lectionis is yodh ī - אִיי (hiriq with double yodh) - mater lectionis is double yud u - אֻו (qubbutz with vav) - mater lectionis is single vav ū - אוּו (shuruk with double vav) - mater lectionis is double vav ē - אֵי (tzere with yud) - mater lectionis is yud ō - אוֹ (ħolam with vav) - mater lectionis is vav ai - אֶי (segol with yud) - mater lection isis yud Nasalization is marked with a nun-rafe following the vowel (e.g. מנושיוןֿ - mnushyõ)